味甘，平。主风头，除蛊毒，补虚羸伤中。久服，令人光泽、好颜色，不老，大黄蜂子∶
主心腹复满痛，轻身益气。土蜂子∶主痈肿。一名蜚零。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶生武都。
案∶《说文》云∶蜂，飞虫螫人者。古文省作螽。《广雅》云∶蠓 ，蜂也。又土蜂，
也。《尔雅》云∶土蜂，郭璞云∶今江南大蜂。在地中作房者，为土蜂；啖其子，即
马蜂，今荆巴间呼为 。又木蜂，郭璞云∶似土蜂而小，在树上作房，江东亦呼为木蜂，又
食其子。《礼记·檀弓》云∶范，则冠。郑云∶范，蜂也。《方言》云∶蜂，燕赵之间，谓之
，其小者，谓之 ，或谓之蚴蜕；其大而蜜，谓之壶蜂。郭璞云∶今黑蜂，穿竹木作
孔，亦有蜜者，或呼笛师。按∶蜂，名为范者，声相近，若《司马相如赋》以泛为枫。《左
传》 即汛汛也。
味甘，微温。主下利脓血，补中，续绝伤金创。益气、不饥、耐老。生山谷。
《名医》曰∶生武都蜜房木石间。
案∶《西京杂记》云∶南越王献高帝蜜蜡二百枚。《玉篇》云∶蜡，蜜滓。陶弘景云∶
白蜡生于蜜中，故谓蜜蜡。《说文》无蜡字。张有云∶腊，别蜡，非。旧作蜡，今据改。
味咸，平。主伤寒寒热，温疟洒洒，惊恚怒气，除拘缓鼠 ，女子带下赤白。久服，强
骨节、杀邪气、延年。一名蛎蛤。生池泽。
《名医》曰∶一名牡蛤。生东海。采无时。
案∶《说文》云∶虿，蚌属，似 ，微大，出海中，今民食之。读苦赖。又云∶蜃属，
有三，皆生于海。蛤蛎，千岁雀所化，秦谓之牡蛎。
大黄蜂子：味甘，性平。主治头风病，去除蛊毒，补益虚损羸弱及中焦损伤。长期服用，能使人体容光焕发、面色红润，延缓衰老。
土蜂子：主治心腹部再次出现胀满疼痛，能轻身益气。又名蜚零。生长在山谷中。
《名医别录》记载：生长在武都地区。
考证：《说文解字》说：蜂，是飞行昆虫中刺人的种类。古文中简写为“螽”。《广雅》说：蠓，就是蜂。另外土蜂，也是蜂的一种。《尔雅》说：土蜂，郭璞注释说：现在江南的大蜂。在地中筑巢的，称为土蜂；食用其幼虫的，即马蜂，现在荆巴之间称之为某种蜂（原文缺字）。又有木蜂，郭璞注释说：像土蜂但体型较小，在树上筑巢，江东也称之为木蜂，也可以食用其幼虫。《礼记·檀弓》说：范，就是冠。郑玄注释说：范，就是蜂。《方言》说：蜂，在燕赵之间，称之为某种蜂，其中小的，称之为某种蜂，或者称之为蚴蜕；其中大的且产蜜的，称之为壶蜂。郭璞注释说：现在的黑蜂，穿透竹木钻孔，也有产蜜的，有的称之为笛师。按：蜂，被称为范的，是因为声音相近，就像《司马相如赋》中以泛代指枫树。《左传》中的某字即汛汛的意思。
蜜蜡：味甘，性微温。主治下利脓血，补益中气，接续绝伤和金创。能益气、不饥饿、耐老。生长在山谷中。
《名医别录》记载：生长在武都蜜房所在的树木和石头之间。
考证：《西京杂记》说：南越王献给高帝蜜蜡二百枚。《玉篇》说：蜡，是蜜的渣滓。陶弘景说：白蜡产生于蜂蜜中，所以称为蜜蜡。《说文解字》中没有“蜡”字。张有说：腊，是不同的蜡，不是这个意思。旧作“蜡”，现在依据改定。
牡蛎：味咸，性平。主治伤寒引起的寒热往来，温疟引起的洒洒恶寒，惊恐愤怒之气，去除拘挛缓纵和鼠瘘（淋巴结核），治疗女子赤白带下。长期服用，能强健骨节，杀灭邪气，延年益寿。又名蛎蛤。生长在池泽中。
《名医别录》记载：又名牡蛤。生长在东海。采集没有固定时间。
考证：《说文解字》说：虿，属于蚌类，形状像某种贝类，稍大，出产于海中，现在百姓食用它。读音为苦赖。又说：蜃属，有三种，都生长在海里。蛤蛎，是由千岁雀变化而来的，秦地称之为牡蛎。
**Vespa mandarinia Larva (Da Huang Feng Zi):**
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. It primarily treats *tou feng* (head wind/headache), eliminates *gu du* (poison caused by parasites or toxins), and tonifies deficiency, emaciation, and middle-jiao injury. Long-term consumption makes the person radiant, improves complexion, prevents aging, and promotes longevity.
**Vespa Orientalis Larva (Tu Feng Zi):**
Primarily treats recurrent fullness and pain in the heart and abdomen; it lightens the body and benefits *qi*. Also known as Fei Ling. Grows in mountain valleys.
*Famous Physicians' Records* states: Grows in Wudu.
**Textual Research:** *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Feng" refers to flying insects that sting humans. In ancient texts, it is abbreviated as "Zhong". *Guangya* states: "Meng" is a bee. Additionally, "Tu Feng" (earth bee) is also a type of bee. *Erya* states: Regarding "Tu Feng", Guo Pu comments: "The large bees of Jiangnan today." Those that build nests underground are called "Tu Feng"; those whose larvae are consumed are hornets (*Ma Feng*), referred to in the Jing-Ba region as [missing character]. There is also "Mu Feng" (tree bee); Guo Pu comments: "Similar to Tu Feng but smaller, building nests on trees, also called Mu Feng in Jiangdong," and its larvae can be eaten. *Liji · Tan Gong* states: "Fan" refers to the cap. Zheng Xuan comments: "Fan" means bee. *Fangyan* states: In the Yan-Zhao region, bees are called [missing character]; the small ones are called [missing character] or You Tui; the large ones that produce honey are called Hu Feng. Guo Pu comments: "The black bees of today, which bore holes in bamboo and wood, some of which produce honey, are sometimes called Di Shi." Note: The name "Fan" for bees is phonetically similar, just as Sima Xiangru's fu uses "Fan" to refer to "Feng" (maple). The term in *Zuo Zhuan* corresponds to "Xun Xun".
**Beeswax (Mi La):**
Taste is sweet, nature is slightly warm. It primarily treats dysentery with pus and blood, tonifies the middle jiao, heals severe injuries and metallic wounds. It benefits qi, suppresses hunger, and promotes longevity. Grows in mountain valleys.
*Famous Physicians' Records* states: Grows between trees and stones where honeycombs exist in Wudu.
**Textual Research:** *Xi Jing Za Ji* states: The King of Nan Yue presented two hundred pieces of beeswax to Emperor Gaozu. *Yupian* states: "La" is the dregs of honey. Tao Hongjing states: White wax is produced within honey, hence it is called Mi La. *Shuowen Jiezi* does not contain the character for "La". Zhang You states: "La" (cured meat/wax distinction) is different from this wax, it is incorrect. The old form was "La", now corrected based on authoritative sources.
**Oyster Shell (Mu Li):**
Taste is salty, nature is neutral. It primarily treats chills and fever due to *shang han* (cold damage), the shivering chills of *wen nue* (warm malaria), fright and anger, relieves stiffness and flaccidity, eliminates *shu li* (scrofula/lymphatic tuberculosis), and treats red and white leukorrhea in women. Long-term consumption strengthens bones and joints, eliminates pathogenic factors, and extends life. Also known as Li Ge. Grows in ponds and marshes.
*Famous Physicians' Records* states: Also known as Mu Ha. Grows in the East Sea. Can be harvested at any time.
**Textual Research:** *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Chai" belongs to the clam family, resembling [missing character], slightly larger, found in the sea, and is now consumed by people. Pronounced "Ku Lai". It also states: Belongs to the "Shen" (giant clam) family, there are three types, all growing in the sea. "Ge Li" is transformed from a thousand-year-old sparrow; in Qin territory, it is called Mu Li.