味苦，平。主蛊毒邪气，鬼注，诸毒，破症瘕积聚，去水，下三虫。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶鸢尾，治蛊毒（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名乌园。生九嶷山。五月采。
案∶《广雅》云∶鸢尾，乌 ，射干也（疑当作鸢尾，乌园也；乌 ，射干也。是二物）
。《唐本》注云∶与射干全别。
味苦，寒。主下瘀血、血闭、寒热，破症瘕积聚，留饮宿食，荡涤肠胃，推陈致新，通
利水杀（《御览》，此下有道字），调中化食，安和五脏，生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶大黄，一名黄良，一名火参，一名肤如，神农、雷公∶苦，有毒；扁鹊∶
苦，无毒；李氏∶小寒，为中将军。或生蜀郡北部，或陇西。二月花生，生黄赤叶，四四相
当，黄茎高三尺许；三月，花黄；五月，实黑。三月采根，根有黄汁，切，阴干（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名黄良，生河西及陇西。二月、八月采根，火干。
案∶《广雅》云∶黄良，大黄也。
（旧作葶苈，《御览》作亭历）
味辛，寒，主症瘕、积聚、结气，饮食、寒热，破坚。一名大室，一名大适。生平泽及
田野。
《名医》曰∶一名下历，一名 蒿。生 城。立夏后，采实阴干。得酒，良。
案∶《说文》云∶ ，亭历也。《广雅》云∶狗荠、大室，亭苈也。《尔雅》云∶ ，亭
历。郭璞云∶实、叶皆似芥，《淮南子·缪称训》云∶亭历愈张。《西京杂记》云∶亭历
于盛夏。
鸢尾：味苦，性平。主治蛊毒邪气、鬼注（一种传染性极强的恶疾）、各种毒物，能破除症瘕积聚（腹内结块），利水，驱除三种寄生虫。生长在山谷中。
《吴普》说：鸢尾，可以治疗蛊毒（出自《太平御览》）。
《名医别录》说：鸢尾又名乌园。生长在九嶷山。五月采集。
考证：《广雅》记载：鸢尾，即乌园，也就是射干（怀疑原文有误，应为“鸢尾，乌园也；乌 ，射干也”，这是两种不同的药物）。《唐本草》注释说：鸢尾与射干完全不同。
大黄：味苦，性寒。主治排出瘀血、血闭经、寒热症状，破除症瘕积聚，清除停滞的饮邪和隔宿食物，荡涤肠胃，推陈出新，通利水道，杀虫（《太平御览》在此处多出一个“道”字），调和脾胃，消化饮食，安和五脏。生长在山谷中。
《吴普》说：大黄，又名黄良，又名火参，又名肤如。神农、雷公认为：味苦，有毒；扁鹊认为：味苦，无毒；李氏认为：性小寒，属于中将军药。有的产于蜀郡北部，有的产于陇西。二月花生，叶子呈黄赤色，四片相对，茎高约三尺；三月开花，花色黄；五月果实变黑。三月采集根部，根内有黄色汁液，切片后阴干（出自《太平御览》）。
《名医别录》说：大黄又名黄良，产于河西及陇西地区。二月、八月采集根部，用火烘干。
考证：《广雅》记载：黄良，就是大黄。
（旧版作葶苈，《太平御览》作亭历）
亭历：味辛，性寒。主治症瘕、积聚、气机郁结，以及因饮食、寒热引起的疾病，能破除坚积。又名大室，又名大适。生长在沼泽及田野中。
《名医别录》说：亭历又名下历，又名 蒿。生长在 城。立夏之后，采集果实并阴干。用酒处理过，效果更佳。
考证：《说文解字》记载： ，即亭历。《广雅》记载：狗荠、大室，即亭苈。《尔雅》记载： ，即亭历。郭璞说：其果实、叶子都像芥菜。《淮南子·缪称训》记载：亭历可以治愈张病（疑为某种病症或人名）。《西京杂记》记载：亭历在盛夏时节成熟。
Iris (Yuanwei): Bitter in taste, neutral in nature. It primarily treats gu poison and evil qi, gui zhu (a highly contagious malignant disease), various toxins, breaks up masses and accumulations (abdominal lumps), promotes urination, and expels three types of parasites. Grows in mountain valleys.
Wu Pu states: Iris can treat gu poison (cited from *Taiping Yulan*).
*Bencao Jing Jizhu* (Collected Commentaries on the Materia Medica) states: Iris is also known as Wuyuan. It grows in Jiuyi Mountain. Harvested in May.
Note: *Guangya* records: Iris is Wuyuan, which is also Shegan (It is suspected that the original text contains an error, likely meaning "Iris is Wuyuan; [Unknown Character] is Shegan," indicating these are two different substances). The *Tang Bencao* commentary states: Iris is completely different from Shegan.
Rhubarb (Dahuang): Bitter in taste, cold in nature. It primarily promotes the discharge of blood stasis, treats amenorrhea due to blood obstruction, and alleviates chills and fever. It breaks up masses and accumulations, clears stagnant fluid retention and leftover food, purges the intestines and stomach, eliminates the old to generate the new, promotes water passage, kills parasites (*Taiping Yulan* adds the character "dao" here), harmonizes the middle jiao, aids digestion, and calms and harmonizes the five zang organs. Grows in mountain valleys.
Wu Pu states: Rhubarb is also known as Hualiang, Huocan, and Furu. Shennong and Leigong considered it bitter and toxic; Bian Que considered it bitter and non-toxic; Li Shi considered it slightly cold and classified it as a "Middle General" herb. Some grow in northern Shu Commandery, others in Longxi. In the second lunar month, flowers emerge; leaves are yellow-red, arranged four by four opposite each other; stems are about three chi high. In the third month, flowers are yellow. In the fifth month, fruits turn black. Roots are harvested in the third month; they contain yellow juice, are sliced, and dried in the shade (*Taiping Yulan*).
*Bencao Jing Jizhu* states: Rhubarb is also known as Hualiang, growing in Hexi and Longxi regions. Roots are harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and dried over fire.
Note: *Guangya* records: Hualiang is Rhubarb.
(Old editions write Tingli; *Taiping Yulan* writes Tingli)
Tingli (Descurainia Seed/Semen Descurainiae): Pungent in taste, cold in nature. It primarily treats masses, accumulations, qi stagnation, and diseases caused by diet, chills, and fever. It breaks up hard accumulations. Also known as Dashì and Dashe. Grows in marshes and fields.
*Bencao Jing Jizhu* states: Tingli is also known as Xiali and Hao. It grows in Cheng. After Lixia (Start of Summer), fruits are harvested and dried in the shade. Processing with wine enhances its efficacy.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi* records: [Character], is Tingli. *Guangya* records: Gouqi and Dashì are Tingli. *Erya* records: [Character], is Tingli. Guo Pu stated: Its fruits and leaves resemble those of mustard. *Huainanzi · Miucheng Xun* records: Tingli cures Zhang's ailment. *Xijing Zaji* records: Tingli matures during midsummer.