益也。故高而亢者，必有所抑，因太过也。卑而下者，必有所举，因不及也。正而为化，则有以应之，不相悖也。邪而
为变，则有以复之，承乃制也。此所以生长化成收藏，皆不失其物理之常，失常则高下不相保，而天地闭塞矣。如《玉
版论要》曰∶回则不转，乃失其机。即此之谓。）故曰∶天地之动静，神明为之纪；阴阳之往复，寒暑彰其兆。此之谓也。
（应天之气，动而不息；应地之气，静而守位。神明为之纪，则九星悬朗，七曜周旋也。阴阳寒暑，即动静神明之用也。
此承上文而总言盛衰胜复，即天地之动静；生长化成收藏，即阴阳之往复。动静不可见，有神有明，则有纪可察矣。阴
阳不可测，有寒有暑，则有兆可知矣。天地之道，此之谓也。）
帝曰∶夫子之言五气之变，四时之应，可谓悉矣。夫气之动乱，触遇而作，发无常会，卒然灾合，何以期之？（此
下言气动之乱，皆随遇而变，故其德化政令灾变之候，各有所不同也。）岐伯曰∶夫气之动变，固不常在，而德化政令灾
变，不同其候也。帝曰∶何谓也？岐伯曰∶东方生风，风生木，其德敷和，其化生荣，其政舒启，其令风，其变振发，
其灾散落。（敷，布也。和，柔和也。荣，滋荣也。舒，展也。启，开也。振，奋动也。发，飞扬也。散落，飘零散落也。
《五营运大论》曰∶其德为和，其化为荣，其政为散，其令宣发，其变摧拉，其眚为陨。义当参阅。）南方生热，热生火，
其德彰显，其化蕃茂，其政明曜，其令热，其变销烁，其灾燔 。（彰，昭着也。蕃，盛也。燔 ，焚灼也，销烁缓而燔
甚也。《五营运大论》曰∶其德为显，其化为茂，其政为明，其令郁蒸，其变炎烁，其眚燔 。蕃、燔，俱音烦。 ，
如瑞切。）中央生湿，湿生土，其德溽蒸，其化丰备，其政安静，其令湿，其变骤注，其灾霖溃。（溽蒸，湿热也。丰备，
充盈也。骤注，急雨也。霖，久雨也。溃，崩决也。《五营运大论》曰∶其德为濡，其化为盈，其政为谧，其令云雨，其
变动注，其眚淫溃。溽音辱。溃音会。）西方生燥，燥生金，其德清洁，其化紧敛，其政劲切，其令燥，其变肃杀，其灾
苍陨。（紧敛，收缩也。劲切，锐急也。肃杀，气寒肃而杀令行也。苍陨，草木苍枯而凋落也。《五营运大论》曰∶其德
为清，其化为敛，其政为劲，其令雾露，其变肃杀，其眚苍落。陨音允。）北方生寒，寒生水，其德凄沧，其化清谧，其
政凝肃，其令寒，其变栗冽，其灾冰雪霜雹。（凄沧，寒气也。谧，静也。凝肃，坚敛也。栗冽，寒甚也。冰霜雪雹，阴
气所凝，或太阳用事，或以水复火，则非时而见。《五营运大论》曰∶其德为寒，其化为肃，其政为静，其变凝冽，其眚
冰雹。沧音仓。谧音密。）是以察其动也，有德有化，有政有令，有变有灾，而物由之，而人应之也。（德化政令，和气
也。为灾为变，乖气也。施化出乎天地，而人物应之，得其和则为生为成，遇其乖则为灾为害。）
增益的作用。因此，位置高亢的，必然受到抑制，这是因为太过；位置低下的，必然受到扶持，这是因为不及。正常状态转化为化育，就有相应的感应，互不违背。邪气转化为变异，就有相应的报复，遵循承制规律（即五行相克中的制约关系）。这就是为什么生长、化育、收敛、收藏的过程，都不违背事物的自然规律；一旦失常，则高低失序，天地之气闭塞不通。如《玉版论要》所说：“回逆而不转，就会失去生机。”说的就是这个道理。）所以说：天地的运动与静止，由神明作为纲纪；阴阳的往复循环，由寒暑显示其征兆。说的就是这种情况。（应天的阳气，运动而不停息；应地的阴气，静止而坚守方位。神明作为纲纪，则九星高悬明朗，七曜（日月五星）周天旋转。阴阳寒暑，就是动静神明的运用。这里承接上文总述盛衰胜复，即天地的动静；生长化成收藏，即阴阳的往复。动静不可见，但有神有明，就有纲纪可以观察。阴阳不可测度，但有寒有暑，就有征兆可以知晓。天地的道理，说的就是这些。）
黄帝说：先生关于五气变化、四时对应的论述，可以说非常详尽了。但是气的运动混乱，触遇外因而发作，没有固定的时机，突然发生灾害聚合，如何预测呢？（以下论述气的运动混乱，都随遭遇而变化，所以其德、化、政、令、灾、变的征候，各有不同。）岐伯说：气的变动，本来就不固定，其德、化、政、令、灾、变的表现，确实各不相同。黄帝问：这是什么意思？岐伯说：东方生风，风生木，其德性为敷布柔和，其化育为生长繁荣，其政令为舒展开启，其气候表现为风，其变异为振作飞扬，其灾害为飘零散落。（敷，是布散的意思。和，是柔和的意思。荣，是滋荣茂盛的意思。舒，是舒展的意思。启，是开启的意思。振，是奋动的意思。发，是飞扬的意思。散落，是飘零坠落的意思。《五营运大论》说：“其德为和，其化为荣，其政为散，其令宣发，其变摧拉，其灾害为陨落。”含义应当参考阅读。）南方生热，热生火，其德性为昭著显扬，其化育为繁盛茂密，其政令为光明照耀，其气候表现为热，其变异为销熔灼热，其灾害为焚烧灼伤。（彰，是昭着的意思。蕃，是兴盛的意思。燔焫，是焚烧灼伤的意思，销烁缓慢而燔焫严重。《五营运大论》说：“其德为显，其化为茂，其政为明，其令郁蒸，其变炎烁，其灾害为燔焫。”蕃、燔，都读作烦音。焫，读音如瑞切。）中央生湿，湿生土，其德性为湿热蒸腾，其化育为丰盛完备，其政令为安静平和，其气候表现为湿，其变异为暴雨倾注，其灾害为久雨溃决。（溽蒸，是湿热之意。丰备，是充盈之意。骤注，是急雨之意。霖，是久雨之意。溃，是崩决之意。《五营运大论》说：“其德为濡，其化为盈，其政为谧，其令云雨，其变动注，其灾害为淫溃。”溽读作辱音。溃读作会音。）西方生燥，燥生金，其德性为清洁清爽，其化育为紧缩收敛，其政令为强劲急切，其气候表现为燥，其变异为肃杀凋零，其灾害为草木苍枯凋落。（紧敛，是收缩的意思。劲切，是锐急的意思。肃杀，是寒气肃穆而杀令施行的意思。苍陨，是草木苍老枯黄而凋落的意思。《五营运大论》说：“其德为清，其化为敛，其政为劲，其令雾露，其变肃杀，其灾害为苍落。”陨读作允音。）北方生寒，寒生水，其德性为凄冷沧凉，其化育为清静安宁，其政令为凝结肃杀，其气候表现为寒，其变异为战栗凛冽，其灾害为冰雪霜雹。（凄沧，是寒气之意。谧，是静之意。凝肃，是坚敛之意。栗冽，是寒冷至极之意。冰霜雪雹，是阴气凝聚而成，有时太阳用事，或者水气报复火气，则在非时令出现。《五营运大论》说：“其德为寒，其化为肃，其政为静，其变凝冽，其灾害为冰雹。”沧读作仓音。谧读作密音。）因此观察气的运动，有德、有化、有政、有令、有变、有灾，万物由此产生，人类也对此有所感应。（德化政令，属于和气。为灾为变，属于乖气。施化出自天地，而人物随之感应，得到和气则为生为成，遇到乖气则为灾为害。）
The function of increase. Therefore, that which is high and hyperactive must be suppressed, due to excess; that which is low and deficient must be supported, due to insufficiency. When normal transforms into transformation (Hua), there is a corresponding response, without contradiction. When pathogenic factors transform into abnormal changes, there is a corresponding restitution, following the principle of Cheng-Zhi (the regulatory mechanism within the Five Phases). This is why the processes of growth, transformation, harvest, and storage do not deviate from the constant laws of nature; if these laws are violated, high and low lose their mutual protection, and the Qi of Heaven and Earth becomes blocked. As stated in *Yu Ban Lun Yao* ("Discussion on Essential Principles of the Jade Tablet"): "Reversal without rotation leads to the loss of opportunity." This refers to the aforementioned concept.) Thus it is said: The movement and stillness of Heaven and Earth are governed by Shen-Ming (Divine Spirit); the recurrence of Yin and Yang is manifested through cold and heat. This is what is meant. (The Qi responding to Heaven moves incessantly; the Qi responding to Earth remains still and holds its position. With Shen-Ming as the guide, the Nine Stars hang bright, and the Seven Luminaries (Sun, Moon, and five planets) revolve. Yin, Yang, Cold, and Heat are the applications of movement, stillness, and Shen-Ming. Here, summarizing the preceding text on prosperity, decline, overcoming, and restitution, corresponds to the movement and stillness of Heaven and Earth; growth, transformation, harvest, and storage correspond to the recurrence of Yin and Yang. Movement and stillness are invisible, but with Shen and Ming, there is a guideline to observe. Yin and Yang are unfathomable, but with Cold and Heat, there are omens to know. This is the way of Heaven and Earth.)
The Yellow Emperor said: Your explanation of the changes of the Five Qi and their correspondence to the Four Seasons is indeed comprehensive. However, when the Qi moves chaotically, triggered by external encounters, it arises without fixed timing, and disasters occur suddenly. How can they be predicted? (The following discusses how chaotic Qi movements vary according to circumstances, hence the signs of De, Hua, Zheng, Ling, Zai, and Bian differ.) Qi Bo replied: The changes of Qi are inherently unstable, and its manifestations of Virtue (De), Transformation (Hua), Administration (Zheng), Order (Ling), Disaster (Zai), and Abnormality (Bian) indeed present different signs. The Yellow Emperor asked: What do you mean? Qi Bo said: The East generates Wind, Wind generates Wood. Its Virtue is spreading harmony, its Transformation is flourishing growth, its Administration is relaxing and opening, its Order is wind, its Abnormality is violent shaking and flying, and its Disaster is scattering and falling. (Spreading means distributing; Harmony means gentleness; Flourishing means lush growth; Relaxing means unfolding; Opening means initiating; Violent shaking means vigorous movement; Flying means soaring; Scattering means drifting and falling. *Wu Yun Yan Da Lun* states: "Its Virtue is Harmony, its Transformation is Flourishing, its Administration is dispersing, its Order is proclaiming and releasing, its Abnormality is crushing and pulling, and its disaster is falling." The meaning should be cross-referenced.) The South generates Heat, Heat generates Fire. Its Virtue is manifest and prominent, its Transformation is abundant and dense, its Administration is bright and shining, its Order is heat, its Abnormality is melting and scorching, and its Disaster is burning and searing. (Prominent means clearly visible; Abundant means thriving; Burning and searing means incinerating and scorching; Melting is slow, while burning is severe. *Wu Yun Yan Da Lun* states: "Its Virtue is manifest, its Transformation is dense, its Administration is bright, its Order is stagnant and steaming, its Abnormality is blazing and scorching, and its disaster is burning." Fan and Fan are both pronounced 'fan'. Ruo is pronounced like 'rui'.) The Center generates Dampness, Dampness generates Earth. Its Virtue is humid and steaming, its Transformation is plentiful and complete, its Administration is quiet and peaceful, its Order is dampness, its Abnormality is sudden heavy rain, and its Disaster is prolonged rain causing collapse. (Humid and steaming means hot and damp; Plentiful means full; Sudden heavy rain means torrential rain; Prolonged rain means continuous rain; Collapse means bursting and breaking. *Wu Yun Yan Da Lun* states: "Its Virtue is moistening, its Transformation is full, its Administration is tranquil, its Order is clouds and rain, its change is pouring, and its disaster is excessive flooding." Ru is pronounced 'ru'. Hui is pronounced 'hui'.) The West generates Dryness, Dryness generates Metal. Its Virtue is clean and pure, its Transformation is tight and contracting, its Administration is strong and cutting, its Order is dryness, its Abnormality is solemn killing, and its Disaster is withering and falling. (Tight and contracting means shrinking; Strong and cutting means sharp and urgent; Solemn killing means cold air is solemn and the killing force is executed; Withering and falling means plants turn gray and wither. *Wu Yun Yan Da Lun* states: "Its Virtue is clear, its Transformation is contracting, its Administration is strong, its Order is fog and dew, its Abnormality is solemn killing, and its disaster is gray falling." Yun is pronounced 'yun'.) The North generates Cold, Cold generates Water. Its Virtue is desolate and chilling, its Transformation is clear and quiet, its Administration is congealing and solemn, its Order is cold, its Abnormality is shivering and biting cold, and its Disaster is ice, frost, snow, and hail. (Desolate and chilling means cold air; Quiet means still; Congealing and solemn means firm and restrained; Shivering means extreme cold. Ice, frost, snow, and hail are condensed by Yin Qi; sometimes appearing out of season due to the Sun's activity or Water retaliating against Fire. *Wu Yun Yan Da Lun* states: "Its Virtue is cold, its Transformation is solemn, its Administration is quiet, its change is freezing, and its disaster is ice and hail." Cang is pronounced 'cang'. Mi is pronounced 'mi'.) Therefore, observing the movement of Qi, there are Virtue, Transformation, Administration, Order, Abnormality, and Disaster. All things arise from this, and humans respond accordingly. (Virtue, Transformation, Administration, and Order constitute Harmonious Qi. Disaster and Abnormality constitute Disordered Qi. Transformation originates from Heaven and Earth, and all beings respond to it. Obtaining Harmony leads to growth and completion; encountering Disorder leads to disaster and harm.)