王 正月伤寒，头痛项强，烦热无汗，脉浮紧。虽立春后气候尚寒，非麻黄汤，腠理不开，一啜汗透
而愈。
冷 初春伤寒失表，五六日后太阳症犹在，头痛身痛烦热，脉洪。医但用杏、枳、桔、陈，热遂甚，
耳聋，谵语，自利。予谓表症未除，原不宜拘日数，况邪不透表，势必循经传里，宜表里分解，用栀豉汤合芎
苏饮。盖以栀、豉除烦，芎、苏达表，柴胡达半表半里，茯苓渗湿，加黄芩、麦冬清热，日再服，汗透热除。
族某 冬季伤寒，发热头痛，拘急无汗，呕吐自利，脉右紧左浮。用葛根加半夏汤，再服症退。
堂侄 伤寒发热头重，渴饮胁满，脉微紧，此阳明而兼少阳症也。用局方柴胡升麻汤去黄芩、石膏，
二服汗出愈。
李氏 寒热烦渴，耳聋，胸满肿痛，或疑为外症，用攻毒药。
予曰∶此伤寒少阳症，若外症安得耳聋。仿陶节庵法，小柴胡汤去参、枣，加枳、桔、蒌、陈，诸症自愈。
陶氏曰∶表邪传至胸中，未入府，故为半表半里，只须小柴胡汤加枳、桔，或对小陷胸汤，一服豁然。王海藏亦
谓小陷胸为少阳药，以其能涤膈上结热也。
族侄 伤寒身热浃旬，脉沉微，吐蛔足厥，少腹满而渴，邪传厥阴，仿仲景乌梅丸加减。
乌梅（二枚） 川椒（炒。十四粒） 赤苓（三钱） 赤芍、杏仁（炒。各二钱） 当归、山栀、枳壳（炒。各一
钱） 生姜（三片） 一服脉浮微汗而解。（《伤寒论》云∶厥阴病，脉微浮为欲愈。）以建中汤调理而平。
王姓患者，正月患伤寒，出现头痛、项部僵硬、心中烦热且无汗的症状，脉象浮而紧。虽然立春之后气候依然寒冷，但若不选用麻黄汤（发汗解表剂），腠理（皮肤毛孔）无法打开，服用一剂后汗出透达，病即痊愈。
冷姓患者，初春时节患伤寒，初期未能及时使用发汗法解表，五六日后太阳经的症状仍然存在，表现为头痛、全身疼痛、烦热，脉象洪大。医生仅使用杏仁、枳实、桔梗、陈皮等药物，导致热势更加严重，出现耳聋、说胡话（谵语）、自行腹泻等症状。我判断表证仍未解除，原本就不应拘泥于发病的天数，况且邪气不能透达体表，势必会沿着经络传入体内，应当采用表里双解的方法，使用栀豉汤（栀子与豆豉组成的方剂）合芎苏饮（川芎与紫苏组成的方剂）。其中栀子、豆豉用于清除烦热，川芎、紫苏用于透达表邪，柴胡用于透达半表半里的邪气，茯苓用于渗利湿气，加入黄芩、麦冬以清热，每日服用两次，待汗出透达、热退则愈。
同族某患者，冬季患伤寒，发热、头痛，身体拘急痉挛且无汗，伴有呕吐和自行腹泻，脉象右侧紧、左侧浮。使用葛根加半夏汤，再服一次后症状消退。
堂侄患伤寒，发热、头重，口渴想喝水，胁肋部胀满，脉象微紧，这是阳明经病症兼有少阳经症状。使用局方柴胡升麻汤，去掉黄芩、石膏，服用两剂后汗出而愈。
李氏患者，寒热交替、心烦口渴，耳聋，胸部胀满肿痛，有人怀疑是外科疮疡，使用了攻毒的药物。
我说：这是伤寒少阳经的病症，如果是外科疮疡，怎么会出现耳聋呢？仿照陶节庵（陶华）的方法，用小柴胡汤，去掉人参、大枣，加入枳实、桔梗、瓜蒌、陈皮，各种症状自然痊愈。
陶氏说：表邪传至胸中，尚未进入腑，所以称为半表半里，只需小柴胡汤加入枳实、桔梗，或者使用对小陷胸汤，服用一剂后豁然开朗。王海藏也认为小陷胸汤是治疗少阳病的药物，因为它能涤荡膈膜上的结聚之热。
同族侄患伤寒，身体发热持续十天，脉象沉微，吐蛔虫，四肢厥冷，小腹部胀满且口渴，这是邪气传入厥阴经，仿照张仲景的乌梅丸进行加减。
乌梅（二枚） 川椒（炒制，十四粒） 赤茯苓（三钱） 赤芍药、杏仁（炒制，各二钱） 当归、山栀子、枳壳（炒制，各一钱） 生姜（三片）。服用一剂后脉象转浮，微微出汗而病解。（《伤寒论》记载：厥阴病，脉象微浮表示将要痊愈。）随后用建中汤调理而平稳康复。
Patient Wang contracted cold damage (Shanghan, a disease caused by exogenous cold pathogenic factors) in the first lunar month, presenting with headache, stiffness of the neck, irritability and heat sensation without sweating, and a floating-tight pulse. Although the climate remained cold after the Beginning of Spring, without using Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), the cou li (pores/skin texture) would not open; after one dose, profuse sweating occurred, and the patient recovered.
Patient Leng contracted cold damage in early spring but failed to use diaphoretic methods initially. After five or six days, Taiyang syndrome (symptoms related to the Bladder and Small Intestine meridians) persisted, manifesting as headache, body pain, irritability and heat, and a flooding pulse. The physician used only Xingren (Apricot Seed), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), and Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), which exacerbated the heat, leading to deafness, delirium, and spontaneous diarrhea. I judged that the exterior syndrome had not been resolved; originally, one should not be rigidly bound by the number of days since onset. Moreover, since the pathogen could not penetrate the exterior, it was destined to transmit inward along the meridians. It was appropriate to resolve both exterior and interior simultaneously using Zhichi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) combined with Xiongsu Yin (Ligusticum and Perilla Drink). Gardenia and Fermented Soybean clear irritability; Ligusticum and Perilla release the exterior; Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) addresses the half-exterior half-interior level; Fuling (Poria) leaches out dampness; Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber) clear heat. Taken twice daily, upon profuse sweating and dissipation of heat, recovery ensued.
A relative contracted cold damage in winter, presenting with fever, headache, muscle spasms, absence of sweating, vomiting, and spontaneous diarrhea. The right pulse was tight, and the left pulse was floating. Ge Gen Ban Xia Tang (Kudzu and Pinellia Decoction) was administered; symptoms subsided after a second dose.
My cousin contracted cold damage, presenting with fever, heavy head, thirst with desire to drink, hypochondriac fullness, and a slightly tight pulse. This is Yangming syndrome (disease of the Stomach and Large Intestine) combined with Shaoyang syndrome (disease of the Gallbladder and Sanjiao). Ju Fang Chai Hu Sheng Ma Tang (Chai Hu Sheng Ma Decoction from the Bureau Formulary) was used, with Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) and Shigao (Gypsum) removed. After two doses, sweating occurred, and the patient recovered.
Ms. Li presented with alternating chills and fever, irritability, thirst, deafness, chest fullness, and painful swelling. Some suspected an external surgical condition (such as carbuncles or sores) and used detoxifying purgatives.
I stated: This is Shaoyang syndrome due to cold damage. If it were an external surgical condition, how could deafness occur? Following the method of Tao Jian'an (Tao Hua), Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) was used, removing Renshen (Ginseng) and Dazao (Jujube), and adding Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), and Chenpi (Tangerine Peel). All symptoms healed spontaneously.
Mr. Tao stated: When exterior pathogens transmit to the chest, having not yet entered the fu organs, it is termed half-exterior half-interior. Only Xiao Chai Hu Tang added with Zhishi and Jiegeng, or Xiao Xian Xiong Tang (Minor Intra-thoracic Granule Decoction), is needed; after one dose, clarity returns. Wang Haizang also considered Xiao Xian Xiong Tang a medicine for Shaoyang diseases, because it can cleanse the knotted heat above the diaphragm.
A clan nephew contracted cold damage, with body heat persisting for ten days, a deep-faint pulse, expulsion of roundworms, cold extremities, lower abdominal fullness, and thirst. The pathogen had transmitted to the Jueyin meridian (Liver and Pericardium). Following Zhang Zhongjing's method, Wu Mei Wan (Mume Pill) was modified.
Wumei (Mume Fruit, 2 pieces), Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper, stir-fried, 14 grains), Chi Ling (Red Poria, 3 qian), Chishao (Red Peony Root) and Xingren (Apricot Seed, stir-fried, 2 qian each), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), Shanzhi (Gardenia Fruit), Zhike (Aurantium Fruit, stir-fried, 1 qian each), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 slices). After one dose, the pulse became floating, slight sweating occurred, and the disease resolved. (The Shanghan Lun states: In Jueyin disease, a faint-floating pulse indicates impending recovery.) Subsequently, Jian Zhong Tang (Middle-Buildering Decoction) was used for regulation, leading to stability.