(凡二十六穴)
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凡取肩部诸穴。为三次。取肩 。肩 。肩贞。是一次也。上肩端。取巨骨。秉风逾骨
取天
肩贞。肩部诸穴难分。故今定此法。
肩井（甲乙）一名膊井（资生）肩上陷者中。缺盆上。大骨前。（甲乙）大骨前一寸半。以三
指按取之当中指下。陷者是。（圣济）前直乳中。（增注）禁深刺（圣济）孕妇禁刺。（类经）
按膊。圣济。作 陷者。千金。千金翼。次注。圣济。类经。作陷解。宝鉴。作陷罅。
大骨。肩上大骨也。非胸前大骨。一寸半。资生类经。聚英。入门。皆同。不可。必拘也。肘后
方曰。两肩。小近头凹处。指捏之安令正。得中穴耳。千金曰。卵偏大。 病。灸肩井。在
肩解臂接处。龚廷贤万病回春曰。拿棍一条。伸手主棍在地。与肩一般高。肩上有窝。名肩
井穴。
肩中俞（甲乙）肩胛内廉去脊二寸。陷者中。（甲乙）
按胛。旧作甲。千金翼。外台。明堂。同。古字通用。今据千金订之。从易读。下皆效此
。入
矣。就胛内廉而取之。
肩外俞（甲乙）肩胛上廉去脊三寸。陷者中。（甲乙）
按类经云。与大杼平。似拘。入门。作去大杼旁三寸宝鉴从之。并误。但可就胛上廉而取之
。
大 （甲乙）肩缺盆中。毖骨之间陷者中。（甲乙）一曰直肩井后一寸。（类经）须缺盆陷处
上有空。起肉上（聚英）误针陷处令人卒死。（聚英。所引铜人。今本无所见。）
按资生。作天上 毖骨。千金。入门。吴文炳。大成。作上毖骨。千金翼。外台。圣济
。类
经。作上毖骨。次注。作上伏骨。张介宾曰。毖音秘。肩 向肩井缺盆中。两叉骨之际。内
间有秘伏之小骨。此毖骨也。作毖误。
秉风（甲乙）挟天 外。肩上。小 骨后。举臂有空。举臂取之。（甲乙）
按天。旧作人。刊误。今订之。在字衍。外台。在挟字上。是也。千金。并翼方。作肩
上
后。外台。圣济。发挥。作小 后。资生 作 字误。吴文炳作天 肩上小 后。不可读
。盖错置。入门曰。天宗前。疑 误。
曲垣（甲乙）肩中央。曲胛陷者中。按之动脉应手（甲乙）
按动脉应手。千金。以下诸书。作应手痛。外台作按之痛应手央。作尖字误。
天宗（甲乙）肩解下三寸（素问）秉风后。大骨下。陷者中。（甲乙）
肩贞（素问）肩曲胛下。两骨解间。肩 后。陷者中（甲乙）禁灸（入门）
按解。入门。作罅。通评虚实论云。刺大骨之会各三。次注曰。大骨之会肩也。谓肩贞
穴。在肩 后。骨解间。
巨骨（素问）肩端上行两叉骨间。陷者中。（甲乙）一曰禁刺。（类经）
按明堂。作肩端上两行骨。两行二字。倒置。
俞（甲乙）肩 后。大骨下。胛上廉。陷者中。举臂取之（甲乙）
按气府论云。曲掖上。
骨空
书。作肩 。非矣。金鉴云。从肩贞。上行肩端。 上。肩骨下。
肩 （灵枢）一名扁骨（明堂）一名中肩井。一名扁肩。（类经）一名肩尖。（外科枢要）举臂
肩上
陷者。（素问）肩端两骨间。（甲乙）肩外头。近后以手按之有解。宛宛中。（千金）肩头正中（
同上） 骨头。（资生）
按素问。 骨之会。各一。次注曰肩 穴也。又曰。云门 骨次注曰。今中诰孔穴图经
。无
骨穴。有肩 。刺热论新校正曰。验今明堂中诰图经。不载 骨穴。寻其穴。以泻四肢之
热。恐是肩 穴。医门摘要曰。上有巨骨。后有秉风。不可混。无用之辨哉千金注曰。外台
。名扁骨。
肩 （甲乙）肩端 上。斜举臂取之。（甲乙）肩端外陷。（入门）肩 后外廉（冈本）
按外台。 上之下。有陷中。二字。斜。作针误。入门曰。 会上。非。 。发挥。作
误。
会（甲乙）一名 。（甲乙）一名 交。（聚英）臂前廉。去肩头。三寸。（甲乙）宛宛中
（资生）
按肩头。次注。作肩端。外台。臂。作肩。
（共二十六穴）
肩部的穴位图 [图片]
凡是取用肩部诸穴，分为三个步骤。第一步：取肩髃、肩髎、肩贞。这是第一次。第二步：在肩端上方，取巨骨；穿过骨骼取秉风；再向上取天髎；最后取肩贞。肩部的诸穴难以区分，所以现今确定这种方法。
肩井穴（出自《甲乙经》），别名膊井穴（出自《资生经》）。位于肩上凹陷处正中，缺盆穴上方，大骨前方。（《甲乙经》记载：大骨前一寸半。用三指按压，中指下方凹陷处即是。）（《圣济总录》记载：前直对乳中穴。）（《针灸逢源》注：禁止深刺）（《圣济总录》：孕妇禁刺。）（《类经》按语：按摩胳膊时，《圣济总录》写作“陷者”，《千金方》、《千金翼方》及次注本、《圣济总录》、《类经》均解释为“陷”；《针灸宝鉴》解释为“陷罅”。）
所谓“大骨”，是指肩上的大骨，并非胸前的锁骨。关于“一寸半”，《资生经》、《类经》、《针灸聚英》、《针灸入门》皆同此说，但不可拘泥于此。《肘后备急方》说：在两肩靠近头部的小凹陷处，用手指捏正，找到中间的穴位即可。《千金方》说：若睾丸偏大或患有疝气，可灸肩井穴，位置在肩缝与手臂连接处。龚廷贤在《万病回春》中说：拿一根棍子，伸手让棍子垂直在地面上，高度与肩膀一般高，肩膀上有个窝，名叫肩井穴。
肩中俞穴（出自《甲乙经》）。位于肩胛骨内侧边缘，距离脊柱二寸，凹陷处正中。（《甲乙经》）
按语：“胛”字，旧版多作“甲”，《千金翼方》、《外台秘要》、《明堂孔穴》皆同，古字通用。今据《千金方》订正，读音从易，下文皆效仿此例。就在胛骨内侧边缘取穴。
肩外俞穴（出自《甲乙经》）。位于肩胛骨上缘，距离脊柱三寸，凹陷处正中。（《甲乙经》）
按语：《类经》说与大杼穴平齐，似乎过于拘泥。《针灸入门》作“距离大杼旁开三寸”，《针灸宝鉴》沿袭此说，并误。只需就在胛骨上缘取穴即可。
大杼穴（出自《甲乙经》）。位于缺盆中间，锁骨之间凹陷处正中。（《甲乙经》）另一种说法是：直对肩井穴后方一寸。（《类经》）必须是在缺盆凹陷处上方有空隙，肌肉隆起之处。（《针灸聚英》）误针凹陷处会导致人突然死亡。（《针灸聚英》所引《铜人腧穴针灸图经》，今本已不见此条。）
按语：《资生经》写作“天上 毖骨”，《千金方》、《针灸入门》、吴文炳、《针灸大成》写作“上 毖骨”，《千金翼方》、《外台秘要》、《圣济总录》、《类经》写作“上 毖骨”，次注本写作“上伏骨”。张介宾说：“毖”音同“秘”，在肩井穴与缺盆之间，两叉骨之际，内部有隐秘伏藏的小骨，这就是“毖骨”。写作“毖”是错误的。
秉风穴（出自《甲乙经》）。挟持天宗穴外侧，肩上，小骨后方。举臂时有空隙，举臂时取穴。（《甲乙经》）
按语：“天”字，旧版作“人”，刊误本已修正。今订正。“在”字衍文。《外台秘要》在“挟”字之上，是正确的。《千金方》及《翼方》写作“肩上后”，《外台秘要》、《圣济总录》、《针灸发挥》写作“小骨后”，《资生经》将“ ”字误写。吴文炳写作“天 肩上小 后”，不可读，大概是错置了。《针灸入门》说在天宗前，怀疑“ ”字有误。
曲垣穴（出自《甲乙经》）。肩中央，肩胛骨弯曲处的凹陷中。按压时有动脉跳动应手。（《甲乙经》）
按语：“动脉应手”，《千金方》及以下诸书写作“应手痛”，《外台秘要》写作“按之痛应手央”，“尖”字为误。
天宗穴（出自《甲乙经》）。肩缝下三寸（出自《素问》）。秉风穴后方，大骨下方，凹陷处正中。（《甲乙经》）
肩贞穴（出自《素问》）。肩曲胛下方，两骨解间，肩 后方，凹陷处正中（《甲乙经》）。禁止艾灸（《针灸入门》）。
按语：“解”字，《针灸入门》作“罅”。《通评虚实论》说：刺大骨之会各三次。次注解释说：大骨之会是肩贞穴。谓肩贞穴在肩 后方，骨解之间。
巨骨穴（出自《素问》）。肩端上行，两叉骨之间，凹陷处正中。（《甲乙经》）另一种说法：禁止针刺。（《类经》）
按语：《明堂孔穴》写作“肩端上两行骨”，“两行”二字倒置。
俞穴（出自《甲乙经》）。肩 后方，大骨下方，胛上缘，凹陷处正中。举臂取穴（《甲乙经》）。
按语：《气府论》说：曲掖上方。《骨空》书写作“肩 ”，不对。《医宗金鉴》说：从肩贞穴上行至肩端， 骨上方，肩骨下方。
肩 （出自《灵枢》），别名扁骨（出自《明堂孔穴》），别名中肩井，别名扁肩（出自《类经》），别名肩尖（出自《外科枢要》）。举臂时，肩上凹陷处（出自《素问》）。肩端两骨之间（《甲乙经》）。肩外头，靠近后方，用手按压有缝隙，宛宛之中（《千金方》）。肩头正中（同上）。 骨头（《资生经》）。
按语：《素问》说： 骨之会，各一。次注解释说：即肩 穴。又说：云门 骨。次注解释说：今《中诰孔穴图经》无 骨穴，有肩 穴。《刺热论》新校正说：验看今《明堂中诰图经》，不载 骨穴。寻其穴位，以泻四肢之热，恐怕是肩 穴。《医门摘要》说：上有巨骨，后有秉风，不可混淆。这真是无用之辨啊！《千金方》注说：《外台秘要》名为扁骨。
肩 （出自《甲乙经》）。肩端 上方，斜举臂取穴。（《甲乙经》）。肩端外凹陷处。（《针灸入门》）。肩 后方外缘（冈本氏）。
按语：《外台秘要》在 上方之下，有“陷中”二字。“斜”字作针法描述有误。《针灸入门》说在 会上，不对。《针灸发挥》作 误。
会穴（出自《甲乙经》），别名 （《甲乙经》），别名 交（《针灸聚英》）。臂前廉，距离肩头三寸（《甲乙经》）。宛宛之中（《资生经》）。
按语：“肩头”，次注本作“肩端”。《外台秘要》“臂”作“肩”。
(There are twenty-six acupoints in total.)
Diagram of Shoulder Acupoints [Image]
When selecting the various acupoints on the shoulder, it is done in three steps. The first step: select Jianyu (LI15), Jianliao (TE14), and Jianzhen (SI9). This is the first time. The second step: at the upper end of the shoulder, select Jugu (SI1); passing through the bone to select Bingfeng (SI12); then upward to select Tianliao (TE16); finally select Jianzhen (SI9). The acupoints on the shoulder are difficult to distinguish, so this method is now established.
Jianjing (GB21) (from *Jia Yi Jing*), also known as Bojing (from *Zi Sheng Jing*). Located in the center of the depression on the shoulder, above Quepen (ST12), anterior to the Clavicle (Da Gu). (*Jia Yi Jing* states: one and a half cun anterior to the Clavicle. Press with three fingers; the depression below the middle finger is the point.) (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu* states: directly anterior to Ruzhong (REN17).) (*Zhen Jiu Feng Yuan* note: Deep needling is prohibited.) (*Sheng Ji Zong Lu*: Prohibited for pregnant women.) (*Lei Jing* commentary: When massaging the arm, *Sheng Ji Zong Lu* writes "xian zhe" (depression), *Qian Jin Fang*, *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, and subsequent notes, *Sheng Ji Zong Lu*, and *Lei Jing* all interpret it as "depression"; *Zhen Jiu Bao Jian* interprets it as "xian xia" (cleft/depression)."
The term "Da Gu" refers to the large bone on the shoulder, not the clavicle in the chest. Regarding "one and a half cun," *Zi Sheng Jing*, *Lei Jing*, *Zhen Jiu Ju Ying*, and *Zhen Jiu Ru Men* all state the same, but one should not be rigidly bound by this. *Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang* says: In the small concave areas near the head on both shoulders, pinch with fingers to align correctly, finding the central acupoint. *Qian Jin Fang* says: For enlarged testicles or hernia, moxa can be applied to Jianjing (GB21), located at the junction of the shoulder seam and the arm. Gong Tingxian in *Wan Bing Hui Chun* says: Take a stick, extend your hand so the stick stands vertically on the ground, at the same height as the shoulder. There is a hollow on the shoulder named Jianjing (GB21).
Jianzhongshu (SI13) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Located two cun lateral to the spine, at the medial border of the scapula, in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: The character "Ba" (scapula) was traditionally written as "Jia". *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, and *Ming Tang Kong Xue* are the same; ancient characters were used interchangeably. Now corrected according to *Qian Jin Fang*, reading for ease, following this example below. Select at the medial border of the scapula.
Jianwaishu (SI14) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Located three cun lateral to the spine, at the superior border of the scapula, in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: *Lei Jing* states it is level with Dazhu (BL11), which seems too rigid. *Zhen Jiu Ru Men* states "three cun lateral to Dazhu", and *Zhen Jiu Bao Jian* follows this, which is an error. Simply select at the superior border of the scapula.
Dazhu (BL11) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Located in the center of the depression between the clavicle (Quepen). (*Jia Yi Jing*) Another saying: One cun posterior to direct alignment with Jianjing (GB21). (*Lei Jing*) It must be where there is empty space above the depression of Quepen, on raised muscle. (*Zhen Jiu Ju Ying*) Incorrect needling into the depression can cause sudden death. (*Zhen Jiu Ju Ying* cites *Tong Ren*, which is not found in current editions.)
Commentary: *Zi Sheng Jing* writes "Tian Shang Bi Gu", *Qian Jin Fang*, *Zhen Jiu Ru Men*, Wu Wenbing, and *Zhen Jiu Da Cheng* write "Shang Bi Gu". *Qian Jin Yi Fang*, *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Sheng Ji Zong Lu*, and *Lei Jing* write "Shang Bi Gu". Subsequent notes write "Shang Fu Gu". Zhang Jiebin says: "Bi" sounds like "Mi". Between Jianjing (GB21) and Quepen, between the two forked bones, there is a small hidden bone inside, this is the "Bi Gu". Writing it as "Bi" is incorrect.
Bingfeng (SI12) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Lateral to Tianzong (SI11), on the shoulder, posterior to the small bone. There is a gap when raising the arm; take the point with the arm raised. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: "Tian" was traditionally written as "Ren", corrected in the edition. The character "Zai" is superfluous. *Wai Tai Mi Yao* places it above "Xie", which is correct. *Qian Jin Fang* and *Yi Fang* write "Shoulder Posterior", *Wai Tai Mi Yao*, *Sheng Ji Zong Lu*, and *Zhen Jiu Fa Hui* write "Small Bone Posterior". *Zi Sheng Jing* has an error in the character. Wu Wenbing writes "Tian Shoulder Small Posterior", which is unreadable, likely due to misplacement. *Zhen Jiu Ru Men* says anterior to Tianzong, suspecting an error in the character.
Qu Yuan (SI10) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Center of the shoulder, in the depression of the curved scapula. Arterial pulse is felt upon pressing. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: "Arterial pulse felt upon pressing", *Qian Jin Fang* and subsequent books write "felt pain upon pressing". *Wai Tai Mi Yao* writes "Press causes pain, felt centrally". "Jian" is an error.
Tianzong (SI11) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Three cun below the shoulder seam (*Su Wen*). Posterior to Bingfeng (SI12), below the large bone, in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Jianzhen (SI9) (*Su Wen*). Below the curved scapula, between the joint of the two bones, posterior to the shoulder , in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Moxibustion is prohibited. (*Zhen Jiu Ru Men*)
Commentary: "Jie" (joint/solution), *Zhen Jiu Ru Men* writes "Xia" (cleft). *Tong Ping Xu Shi Lun* says: Puncture the meeting of the large bone three times each. Subsequent note explains: The meeting of the large bone is Jianzhen (SI9). It means Jianzhen (SI9) is posterior to the shoulder, between the bone joints.
Jugu (SI1) (*Su Wen*). At the upper end of the shoulder, between the two forked bones, in the depression. (*Jia Yi Jing*) Another saying: Needling is prohibited. (*Lei Jing*)
Commentary: *Ming Tang Kong Xue* writes "Two rows of bones on the upper shoulder", the words "two rows" are inverted.
Shu (SI15?) (from *Jia Yi Jing*). Posterior to the shoulder , below the large bone, at the superior border of the scapula, in the depression. Take the point with the arm raised. (*Jia Yi Jing*)
Commentary: *Qi Fu Lun* says: Above Qu Ye. *Gu Kong* book writes "Shoulder ", which is incorrect. *Yi Zong Jin Jian* says: From Jianzhen (SI9) ascending to the shoulder end, above the bone, below the shoulder bone.
Jian (SI16?) (*Ling Shu*), also known as Bian Gu (*Ming Tang Kong Xue*), also known as Zhong Jianjing, also known as Bian Jian (*Lei Jing*), also known as Jian Jian (*Wai Ke Shu Yao*). With the arm raised, in the depression on the shoulder (*Su Wen*). Between the two bones at the shoulder end (*Jia Yi Jing*). Outer head of the shoulder, near the posterior, pressing with hand reveals a gap, in the hollow (*Qian Jin Fang*). Center of the shoulder head (Same). Bone (*Zi Sheng Jing*).
Commentary: *Su Wen* says: Meeting of the bone, one each. Subsequent note explains: This is the Jian acupoint. Also says: Yunmen Bone. Subsequent note explains: Current *Zhong Gao Kong Xue Tu Jing* has no Bone acupoint, but has Jian acupoint. *Ci Re Lun* New Correction says: Verifying current *Ming Tang Zhong Gao Tu Jing*, the Bone acupoint is not recorded. Seeking the acupoint to drain heat from the four limbs, it is likely the Jian acupoint. *Yi Men Yao Ji* says: Above is Jugu (SI1), behind is Bingfeng (SI12), do not confuse them. What useless debate! *Qian Jin Fang* note says: *Wai Tai Mi Yao* names it Bian Gu.
Jian (SI17?) (*Jia Yi Jing*). Above the shoulder end , take the point with oblique arm raising. (*Jia Yi Jing*). Depression outside the shoulder end. (*Zhen Jiu Ru Men*). Posterior outer margin of the shoulder . (Okamoto).
Commentary: *Wai Tai Mi Yao* has "Xian Zhong" (in the depression) below the character. "Xie" (oblique) as needle manipulation is incorrect. *Zhen Jiu Ru Men* says at the meeting of , incorrect. *Zhen Jiu Fa Hui* writes error.
Hui (SI18?) (*Jia Yi Jing*), also known as (Jia Yi Jing), also known as Jiao (*Zhen Jiu Ju Ying*). Anterior margin of the arm, three cun from the shoulder head (*Jia Yi Jing*). In the hollow (*Zi Sheng Jing*).
Commentary: "Shoulder head", subsequent note writes "Shoulder end". *Wai Tai Mi Yao* "Arm" writes "Shoulder".