(冲者要也,言其为阴脉之海,通受诸经之气血也。)
冲脉者,与任脉皆起于胸中,上循脊里,为经络之海;其浮于外者,循腹,上会于咽喉,终唇口;其支者,起于足
阳明之气冲,并足少阴之经,挟脐左右各五分,上行至胸中而散。其见证也,令人逆气里急。
(言其总束诸脉如带也)
带脉起于季胁,环身一周如带,与足少阳会于维道。其见证也,腰腹从容,如囊水之状,若妇女则赤白带证,盖由
湿热于此渗流而下,故名带下。
跷者,言其为健足行步之关要也。
阳跷起于跟中,循外踝,上行入风池,其脉长八尺。生于足太阳之申脉,与足少阴会于居 ,与手阳明会于肩 、
巨骨,与手足太阳、会于阳维会,与小肠经之 俞,与手足阳明会于胃经之地仓、巨 ,又与任脉会于胃之承泣。其见
证也,令人阴缓而阳急,并宜刺之。
阴跷脉亦起于跟中,循内踝上行,至咽喉,交贯冲脉,亦长八尺。生于足少阴然谷之后,上内踝,循阴股入阴,至
胸里,入缺盆,出胃经人迎之前,入鼻,属目内 ,合于太阳。女子以为之经,男子以为之络。其见证也,令人阳缓而
阴急。此经之病,多取足少阳之交信(内踝上二寸),盖以交信为 云。
阳维者维于阳,为诸阳之会,与阴维皆络于身。若阳不能维于阳,则溶溶不能自收持。其脉起于足太阳之金门,与
手、足太阳及阳跷会于小肠之 俞,与手之太阳会三焦之天 (在缺盆之上)、胆之肩井,又与足少阳会于阳白,上循胆
之本神、临泣,正当脑空,下至风池,与督脉会于风府、哑门。其见证也,苦寒热。
(冲,意为要冲,指它是阴脉的海汇,能够通受各条经脉的气血。)
冲脉,与任脉都起始于胸中,向上沿脊柱内部行走,是经络之海;其浮行于体表的分支,沿腹部上行,在咽喉部会合,终止于唇口;其支脉,起于足阳明胃经的气冲穴,并行足少阴肾经,挟脐左右各五分处,上行至胸中而散开。它引发的病症表现为气逆和腹内拘急。
(意指它总束诸脉如同腰带一般)
带脉起始于季胁,环绕身体一周如带状,在维道穴与足少阳胆经会合。它引发的病症表现为腰腹部松弛无力,像囊中盛水晃动一样的感觉,如果是女性则出现赤白带下的症状,这大概是由于湿热在此处渗流而下所致,因此称为带下病。
跷,意指它是健步走路的关要所在。
阳跷脉起始于足跟中部,沿外踝上行,进入风池穴,该脉长度为八尺。它生于足太阳膀胱经的申脉穴,在居髎穴与足少阴肾经会合,在肩髃穴、巨骨穴与手阳明大肠经会合,在与手足太阳经及阳维脉会合于阳交穴,与小肠经的天宗穴会合,与手足阳明经在胃经的地仓穴、巨髎穴会合,又与任脉在胃经的承泣穴会合。它引发的病症表现为阴侧肌肉松弛而阳侧肌肉拘急,对此适宜进行针刺治疗。
阴跷脉也起始于足跟中部,沿内踝上行,到达咽喉,交会贯穿冲脉,长度也为八尺。它生于足少阴肾经然谷穴之后,上行经过内踝,沿大腿内侧进入阴部,到达胸部内部,进入缺盆,出于胃经人迎穴之前,进入鼻部,归属于目内眦,与太阳经会合。女子以此作为经脉,男子以此作为络脉。它引发的病症表现为阳侧肌肉松弛而阴侧肌肉拘急。治疗此经的病症,多选取足少阳胆经的交信穴(位于内踝上二寸),因为交信穴具有调节阴阳跷脉的作用。
阳维脉维系于阳经,是诸阳经的会合之处,与阴维脉都联络于全身。如果阳气不能维系于阳经,则会出现身体软弱无力、无法自我控制支撑的症状。该脉起始于足太阳膀胱经的金门穴,与手、足太阳经及阳跷脉在小肠经的天宗穴会合,与手太阳经在三焦经的天牖穴(位于缺盆之上)、胆经的肩井穴会合,又与足少阳胆经在阳白穴会合,向上沿胆经的本神穴、临泣穴行走,正当脑空穴,下行至风池穴,与督脉在风府穴、哑门穴会合。它引发的病症表现为苦于寒热往来。
(Chong, meaning a strategic pass or hub, refers to it being the sea of Yin meridians, capable of receiving and distributing the Qi and Blood of all meridians.)
The Chong Mai (Thrust Vessel) originates in the chest along with the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), ascends along the interior of the spine, and serves as the Sea of the Meridians; its branches floating on the exterior follow the abdomen, ascend to converge at the throat, and terminate at the lips and mouth; another branch originates from the Qichong (ST30) point of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, runs parallel with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, flanking the umbilicus five fen on each side, and ascends to disperse in the chest. Its clinical manifestations include rebellious Qi and abdominal tension.
(It implies that it binds all meridians together like a belt.)
The Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel) originates from the costal region, encircles the body once like a belt, and converges with the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at the Weidao (GB26) point. Its clinical manifestations include laxity of the waist and abdomen, resembling the sensation of water sloshing in a bag; in women, this presents as leukorrhea (red and white vaginal discharge), likely caused by damp-heat seeping downward in this area, hence the name "Dai Xia" (Leukorrhea).
"Qiao" signifies its role as a key mechanism for agile walking.
The Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Heel Vessel) originates in the center of the heel, follows the lateral malleolus, ascends, and enters the Fengchi (GB20) point; its length is eight chi. It arises from the Shenmai (BL62) point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, converges with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian at the Juliao (GB29) point, with the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian at the Jianyu (LI15) and Jugu (SI13) points, with the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians and the Yang Wei Mai at the Yangjiao (BL59) point, with the Small Intestine Meridian at the Tianzong (SI11) point, with the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians at the Dicang (ST4) and Juxiao (ST3) points of the Stomach Meridian, and again with the Ren Mai at the Chengqi (ST1) point of the Stomach Meridian. Its clinical manifestations involve flaccidity of the Yin aspect and spasticity of the Yang aspect; acupuncture is indicated for both.
The Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Heel Vessel) also originates in the center of the heel, follows the medial malleolus upward, reaches the throat, intersects and penetrates the Chong Mai, and is also eight chi long. It arises posterior to the RanGu (KI2) point of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, ascends past the medial malleolus, follows the medial thigh into the genital region, reaches the interior of the chest, enters the Quepen (LU12) area, emerges anterior to the Renying (ST9) point of the Stomach Meridian, enters the nose, attaches to the inner canthus, and converges with the Taiyang meridians. In women, it functions as a Jing (Vessel); in men, it functions as a Luo (Collateral). Its clinical manifestations involve flaccidity of the Yang aspect and spasticity of the Yin aspect. For diseases of this vessel, the Jiaoxin (KI8) point of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (two cun above the medial malleolus) is frequently selected, as Jiaoxin regulates the Qiao vessels.
The Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel) links the Yang meridians and serves as the convergence of all Yang meridians; it connects with the Yin Wei Mai throughout the body. If Yang Qi fails to link the Yang meridians, the patient suffers from weakness and inability to support themselves. The vessel originates from the Jinmen (BL63) point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, converges with the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians and the Yang Qiao Mai at the Tianzong (SI11) point of the Small Intestine Meridian, with the Hand Taiyang meridian at the Tianyou (TE16) point of the Sanjiao Meridian (above the quepen) and the Jianjing (GB21) point of the Gallbladder Meridian, and again with the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at the Yangbai (GB14) point. It ascends along the Gallbladder Meridian through the Benshen (GB13) and Linqi (GB15) points, passes directly through the Naokong (GB18) point, descends to the Fengchi (GB20) point, and converges with the Du Mai (Governor Vessel) at the Fengfu (GV16) and Yamen (GV15) points. Its clinical manifestation is aversion to cold and fever (alternating chills and heat).