北户录云水母一名蚱又名石镜南人治而食之性热偏疗河鱼之疾物类相感志云蜡一名樗蒲
鱼大
者如床小者如斗无肠胃无眼目以虾为目虾动蜡行故曰水母按本草云味咸无毒主生气及疗妇人
劳损血积带下小儿风疾丹毒然则味咸性寒矣北户录乃云性热误也吴人名为海蛰云
稀 草俗呼火 草春生苗叶似芥而狭长茎高二三尺秋初有花如菊秋末结实颇似鹤虱夏采
叶晒干用单服甚益元气治风疾甚良
山东有一人家共爨五百余口二百余年不染瘟疫瘴气其家每岁以三伏日清晨采取苦蒿头一
束阴
干冬至日捣罗为细末至除夜用蜜调和从少至老每人服一匕终身不染一切毒病此亦古人屠苏之
法余闻此说于杭州士人俞冕云
西域回纥部 思干城产药十余种皆中国所无疗疾甚效曰阿只儿状如苦参治马鼠疮妇人损
胎
及打扑内伤用豆许咽之自消曰阿息儿状如地骨皮治妇人产后胞衣不下又治金疮脓不出嚼碎敷
疮
上即出曰奴哥撒儿形似桔梗治金疮及肠与筋断者嚼碎敷之自续回纥有虫如蛛毒中人则烦渴饮
水立死惟过醉葡萄酒一吐则解(马氏日钞)
回回国之西产一物极毒全似人形如人参之状其名谓之押不芦生于地中深数尺取之者若伤
其皮
则毒瓦斯着人必死取之之法先开大坑令四傍可容人然后轻手以皮条络之系皮条于大犬之足既而
用杖打犬
犬奔逸则此物拔起犬感其气即毙然后别埋他土中经岁取出曝干别用药以制之若以少许磨酒饮
之人即遍身麻痹而死虽加之刀斧亦不知也三日后别以少药投之即活昔
华佗治病若针药所不能疗者乃先以酒服麻沸散既醉无所觉因割破腹背湔肠涤胃恐即此药也
(志雅堂杂抄)
《北户录》记载，水母又名蚱，又名为石镜。南方人捕捉并食用它，认为其性热偏颇，能治疗“河鱼之疾”（因食生冷鱼肉引起的腹痛腹泻等病）。《物类相感志》记载，蠃（螺类）大的如床，小的如斗，没有肠胃，没有眼目，以虾的眼睛作为自己的眼睛，虾动则蠃行，所以称为水母。按《本草》记载，水母味咸、无毒，主补生气及治疗妇人劳损、血积、带下、小儿风疾、丹毒。既然这样，那么水母应该是味咸性寒的。《北户录》却说它性热，这是错误的。吴地人称之为海蜇。
石龙芮，俗名猫迹草。叶子有毛且尖端，取叶片揉搓手臂，会起水泡，称为“天灸”，用于治疗久治不愈的疟疾。
稀莶草，俗称火莶草。春天生苗，叶子像芥菜但狭长，茎高二三尺，秋初开花像菊花，秋末结实很像鹤虱。夏天采集叶子晒干使用，单服非常有益元气，治疗风疾效果很好。
山东有一户人家，共同炊爨五百多口人，二百多年不染瘟疫瘴气。这家人每年在三伏天的清晨，采取苦蒿头一束，阴干，到冬至日捣碎筛成细末。到了除夕夜，用蜂蜜调和，从幼童到老人，每人服用一匕（古代量器，约五钱），终身不染一切毒病。这也是古人屠苏酒的方法。我听杭州士人俞冕说起这个说法。
西域回纥部思干城出产十多种药物，都是中国所没有的，治疗疾病非常有效。一种叫阿只儿，形状像苦参，治疗马鼠疮、妇人损胎以及打扑内伤，用豆许大小吞服，自然消散。一种叫阿息儿，形状像地骨皮，治疗妇人产后胞衣不下，又治疗金疮脓液排不出，嚼碎敷在疮上，脓液就会排出。一种叫奴哥撒儿，形状像桔梗，治疗金疮以及肠断筋断者，嚼碎敷在上面，伤口自然愈合。回纥有一种虫子像蜘蛛，毒中人则烦渴饮水立死，只有喝过量的葡萄酒，呕吐出来才能解毒。（出自《马氏日钞》）
回回国西边产一种东西极毒，完全像人形，像人参的样子，名字叫押不芦，生长在地下深数尺。取它的人如果伤了它的皮，毒瓦斯沾到人必死。取它的办法是先挖一个大坑，让四周可以容人，然后轻手用皮条络住它，把皮条系在大狗的脚上。接着用杖打狗，狗奔跑逃逸时就把此物拔起，狗闻到它的气味就死了。然后把狗埋在其他土中，过了一年取出曝干，再用其他药物来制约它。如果用少许磨酒饮用，人就会遍身麻痹而死，即使加上刀斧也不知道。三天后，再投喂少量解药就能复活。从前华佗治病，如果针药不能治疗的，就先让病人喝酒服麻沸散，醉后无所知觉，于是割破腹背，清洗肠胃，恐怕就是这种药吧。（出自《志雅堂杂抄》）
*Beihu Lu* records that the jellyfish is also known as "Zha" or "Shijing." People in the south catch and eat it, believing its nature is hot and biased, capable of treating "He Yu Zhi Ji" (diseases caused by eating raw or cold fish/meat, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea). *Wulei Xianggan Zhi* records that conchs are large like beds or small like buckets; they have no intestines or stomachs, no eyes, and use shrimp eyes as their own. When the shrimp moves, the conch moves, hence called jellyfish. According to *Bencao*, jellyfish tastes salty, is non-toxic, primarily tonifies vital Qi, and treats women's consumptive diseases, blood stasis, leukorrhea, pediatric wind disorders, and erysipelas. Therefore, jellyfish should be salty and cold in nature. *Beihu Lu* states it is hot, which is an error. People in Wu call it "Haizhe."
*Shilongrui*, commonly known as Maoji Cao (Cat Track Grass), has hairy and pointed leaves. Rubbing the leaf on the arm causes blisters, a method called Tian Jiu (Sky Moxibustion), used to treat persistent malaria.
Xixian Cao, commonly called Huoxian Cao, sprouts in spring with narrow, long leaves resembling mustard greens. The stems are two to three feet high. It flowers in early autumn like chrysanthemum and bears fruit resembling *Heshi* (Datura seed) in late autumn. Leaves harvested in summer and sun-dried can be taken alone to greatly benefit Yuan Qi and effectively treat wind disorders.
In Shandong, one household shared cooking for over five hundred people for more than two hundred years without contracting plague or miasma. Every year, on the morning of the Sanfu days (the hottest period of summer), they gathered a bundle of bitter mugwort heads, dried them in the shade, and pounded them into fine powder by Winter Solstice. On New Year's Eve, they mixed the powder with honey. From children to the elderly, each person took one bi (a small spoonful), ensuring lifelong immunity from all toxic diseases. This is also the method of Tusu wine used by ancients. I heard this account from Yu Mian, a scholar in Hangzhou.
The Sigan City tribe in the Western Regions (Uyghur area) produces over ten types of medicinal herbs unknown in China, which are highly effective in treating diseases. One is called Ajier, resembling *Kushen* (Sophora flavescens root), used to treat horse rat sores, fetal injury in women, and internal trauma from falls or blows. Swallowing a bean-sized dose causes the condition to resolve spontaneously. Another is called Axier, resembling *Digupi* (Cortex Lycii), used to treat retained placenta after childbirth and to promote pus discharge from open wounds (Jin Chuang); chewing and applying it to the wound facilitates pus drainage. A third is called Nugesar, resembling *Jiegeng* (Platycodon grandiflorus root), used for open wounds and severed intestines or tendons; chewing and applying it promotes spontaneous healing. In Uyghur regions, there is a spider-like insect whose venom causes fatal thirst and death upon contact; however, drinking excessive grape wine and inducing vomiting can detoxify it. (From *Ma Shi Ri Chao*)
To the west of the Huihui Kingdom grows a highly toxic substance resembling a human form, similar to ginseng, named Yapulu. It grows deep underground. If anyone damages its skin during extraction, the toxic vapor will kill them upon contact. To extract it safely, one must first dig a large pit allowing space for people around it. Then, gently encircle the plant with a leather strap tied to the foot of a large dog. Beating the dog causes it to run away, pulling the plant out. The dog dies upon smelling the plant's odor. The dog is then buried elsewhere. After a year, the plant is retrieved, dried in the sun, and processed with other drugs to mitigate its toxicity. If a small amount is ground into wine and consumed, the drinker becomes paralyzed throughout the body and dies, feeling no pain even if cut with knives or axes. Three days later, administering a specific antidote revives the patient. In ancient times, when Hua Tuo treated illnesses unresponsive to acupuncture and herbs, he had patients drink wine and take Mafeisan until unconscious, then performed abdominal surgeries. It is likely that Yapulu was this drug. (From *Zhinya Tang Zha Chao*)