典藏书目

(This work is also known as *Zhouhou Cujiu Fang* (Emergency Rescue Formulas for the Arm of the Sleeve), and the Recluse also refers to it as *Baiyi Fang* (Hundred-One Formulas).)

Baopuzi, Ge Zhichuan of Danyang, said: "Having thoroughly examined ancient texts, and in my leisure time from writing, I have also integrated the study of divination and numerology. I reviewed the secret golden caskets, green scrolls, and yellow records of formulas by Zhang Zhongjing, Hua Tuo, Liu Dai, and others, totaling nearly a thousand volumes. Worried that these contents were mixed and burdensome, making them difficult to access when needed, I traveled throughout the Central Plains and the Nine Provinces, collecting unusual remedies and gathering lost or scattered prescriptions. After selection and compilation, due to the diversity of categories and the distinction between urgent and non-urgent matters, simplified into one hundred volumes, named *Yuxian* (Jade Box). However, not everyone has the means to copy them all. Furthermore, I observed that various families such as Zhou Gan, Tang Ruan, etc., each produced emergency formulas (*Beiji*), yet they could not exhaustively cover all disease manifestations and often relied on precious herbs, which poor families and rural dwellers could hardly afford immediately. Moreover, requiring patients to use acupuncture without thorough study of medical texts and familiarity with the Mingtang (Acupuncture Points) and flow of Qi and Blood would leave even the location of Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) unknown, making it impossible to treat effectively! This would be no different from catching wild ducks and geese or cattle and sheep fighting and biting each other; even with formulas, one cannot avoid harm. Now, I have selected the essential points to compile *Zhouhou Jiuzu* (Emergency Rescue at the Elbow) in three volumes. Most herbs used are easily obtained; those that must be purchased are inexpensive, with grasses, stones, and minerals available everywhere. Combined with moxibustion, where only measurements are given without specific acupoint names, ordinary people can understand their usage upon reading. The necessary items might be found within one's own fence, just by looking around. If trusted and used, perhaps one can avoid sudden disasters! The secular world suffers from valuing the distant over the near and praising the past while criticizing the present. They may fear that this formula book lacks the prestigious names of Huangdi (Yellow Emperor), Cang Gong, He Que, and Yu Fu, and thus refuse to adopt it. How can we force them?"

In the Gengchen year, the Recluse said: "I have dwelled in secluded mountains for nearly ten years. Although I frequently cultivate virtue and perform good deeds, most are temporary acts. The best way to transmit prescriptions to distant descendants is through writing. Seeing Ge’s *Zhouhou Jiuzu*, it sufficiently expands my limited thoughts. The greatest worry for living beings is illness; failing to treat illness is like trying to extinguish fire without water. Now, carriages are nearby, and pharmacists are easy to find, but outside the suburbs, they become hard to locate. Especially in remote villages and wilderness, far mountains and isolated shores, how can one count the number of premature deaths? Medical texts are often verbose and confusing, offering little practical help. When browsing, confusion abounds. Baopuzi’s compilation is truly beneficial. However, there are still omissions. I have collected and supplemented missing parts, totaling 101 formulas, distinguished by red ink, titled *Zhouhou Baiyi Fang*. For miscellaneous diseases, single treatments are roughly comprehensive. In the past, Ying Qu wrote 'Hundred-One Poems' to admonish moral conduct. My compilation aims to protect myself. As the Buddhist scriptures state, the human body is formed by the Four Elements; if one element is imbalanced, it causes 101 diseases. Therefore, one should reflect deeply. From the enlightened to the common masses, everyone should copy and study these texts. I have also separately compiled five volumes of *Verified Formulas*, discussing various symptoms and adapting treatments based on herbs, suitable for major cures, not just for those in poverty. Even wealthy households should review them. Ge’s preface mentions applicability to poor rural homes, but its value extends beyond that. Gentlemen who live in leisure can browse these books; those serving in distant counties, on long missions, guarding palace gates day and night, or in strict military camps, facing sudden illness with no recourse, would benefit greatly from having these formulas ready, turning laymen into doctors. Thus, I have detailed symptoms and signs to ensure clarity. Reviewing Ge’s old formulas, now over two hundred years old and spread across the land, many have been standardized with good results. I have reorganized the essentials, hoping to pass them down for millennia, not just for self-protection. There were originally 86 formulas. I checked that titles like 'Four Snakes' and 'Two Dogs' did not require special headings; throat and tongue issues were not separate; entering tombs and controlling Qi were not unique categories; miscellaneous treatments were grouped under general disease categories. Forced separation created inconsistencies. Now, combined into 79 formulas, preserving the original content without reduction, plus 22 new ones added either by expanding on Ge’s cases or supplementing his omissions, as listed below. Detailed examination shows that previously, conditions like relapse after recovery were placed before cold damage, cholera after ear and eye disorders, and Yin-Yi transformation emerged from miscellaneous treatments. Titles and chapter names did not always match, making lookup difficult in emergencies. I have restored the order for clarity. Conditions like joint stiffness, deficiency consumption, thirst and dysentery, back carbuncles, and hematemesis are mostly diseases of the elite. Cold damage and wind-stroke are hardest to distinguish diagnostically, requiring pulse diagnosis, which laypeople cannot master. All formulas herein are effective if followed strictly. For sores, ulcers, and metal wounds, variations are numerous; without complete formulas, root causes are hard to eliminate. Women’s and children’s diseases and difficult-to-treat methods are also summarized. These formulas capture the essence, recorded by famous doctors, passed down through generations, verified by broad experience, or tested personally. To avoid verbosity, I have noted their secret origins. Regarding herb preparation, old methods are retained without excessive explanation, establishing standard rules. Unless specified otherwise, decoctions are taken before meals; those requiring post-meal intake are noted. Decoctions taken three times daily: subsequent doses vary in frequency to maintain efficacy. Purgatives must be taken on an empty stomach; tonics or draining agents can be followed by porridge. Powders taken three times daily should be administered morning, noon, and evening. Four or five doses per day should be evenly spaced. Pills and powders taken with water or wine: if not specified, any of the three liquids can be used. 'Equal parts' refers to pills and powders, varying by disease severity. Weights like 3, 5, or more zhu are divided equally. 'X portions of pills/powders' indicates relative proportions of ingredients, not fixed total weight. E.g., taking three square-inch spoons today requires stopping when cured, amounting to 3-5 liang of herbs. 'Grind into powder' means crushing and sieving properly. 'Ju' means finely chopping. Decoctions yielding 3 sheng, divided into 3 doses, must be strained before measuring. Characters in formulas: bird/beast feces written as 'shi', urine as 'ni', male rat as 'xiong', dry as 'gan'. 'Qianbi' (coin spoon): full scoop on a large coin; half-qianbi scoops one side. Five-zhu coins used. 'Fangcunbi' (square-inch spoon): scoop area of one square inch. 'Daogui' (knife tip): size of two large soybeans. Processing herbs: frying, roasting, baking, washing. Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome): wash 5-6 times in hot water to remove slipperiness. Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root) and Wutou (Aconite Root): roast, peel skin; some used raw as directed. Fanshi (Alum): roast until juice evaporates. Jiao (Sichuan Pepper): sweat out moisture. Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber): remove heart. Glue for pills/powders: roast. Badou (Croton Seed): remove heart and skin, roast; some used raw as directed. Xingren (Apricot Kernel): remove tip and skin, roast; some used raw as directed. Tingli (Descurainia Seed): roast. Zaojia (Tamarind Bean): remove skin and seeds. Lilu (Veratrum Rhizome), Zhike (Bitter Orange), Gancao (Licorice Root): roast. Dazao (Jujube), Zhizi (Gardenia Fruit): split open. Badou, Tao Ren (Peach Kernel), Xing Ren: grind separately into paste before mixing. Horns: powderize. Mahuang (Ephedra Stem): remove joints. Mangxiao (Mirabilite), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin), Yitang (Maltose) in decoctions: strain impurities, add to liquid, simmer gently to dissolve. Hongxue (Red Snow), Poxiao (Niter): prepare similarly. Mahuang: remove joints, boil first 3-5 minutes, skim foam, then add other herbs. All above methods are detailed in my *Bencao Shangjuan* (Compendium of Materia Medica, Upper Volume). Readers of *Zhouhou Baiyi Fang* may not see the *Bencao*, so I list preparations here. Without attention to herbal arts, errors arise. Diseases, though thousands in type, fall into three main categories: 1. Internal organs and meridians diseased by pathogens; 2. Limbs and nine orifices affected internally and externally; 3. Harm caused by external objects. These three are categorized for easy reference in emergencies. Internal diseases form the Upper Volume, external eruptions the Middle Volume, and injuries by foreign objects the Lower Volume.
Upper Volume: 35 formulas for internal diseases.
Middle Volume: 35 formulas for external eruptions.
Lower Volume: 31 formulas for injuries by foreign objects.