产妇忧惊劳倦,去血过多,则心中躁动不宁,谓之怔忡。若惕然而惊,心中怯怯,如人将捕之状,
谓之惊悸。治此二证,惟调和脾胃,补养心血,俾志宁神定,气舒心安而病愈矣。如分娩后血块未消,
宜服生化汤以补血行块,连服数剂,则血旺而怔忡惊悸自平,不必加定志安神之品。如块痛已止,服加减归
脾汤。如心中惊悸,目睛不转而不能动,诊其脉动而弱者,宜养血佐以安神药,养心汤主之。素壮
火盛者,兼服安神丸。如虚烦不眠,亦心虚所致,加减归脾汤并治之。孙真人用人参丸治惊悸不眠亦效。至
于烦躁不宁,亦宜分块痛有无。如块痛未除,有瘀血也,生化汤调失笑散。如块痛已止是虚,或有热,
人参当归汤治之。
加减归脾汤 治产后血块痛止,怔忡惊悸。
人参 茯苓 枣仁(炒) 麦冬(去心) 黄 (蜜炙) 白术(土炒。各一钱) 当归(二钱,酒
浸) 川芎(八分) 远志肉(六分,制) 陈皮 炙草(各四分) 龙眼肉(八枚)
姜一片,水煎服。虚烦,加竹茹一团。有痰,加竹沥、姜汁。或更加柏子仁。
一方茯苓易茯神,无川芎、陈皮,有木香二分。
养心汤 治产后心血不宁,惊悸不安。
人参(一钱五分) 当归身(二钱,酒浸) 黄 (蜜炙) 麦冬(去心) 枣仁(炒) 柏子
仁(各一钱) 茯神 川芎 远志肉(制。各八分) 五味子(十粒) 炙草(四分)
水煎服。
安神丸 治产后怔忡惊悸,素壮火盛者。
归身(酒浸) 生地(各三钱) 黄连(二钱,炒) 甘草(五分,炙用、生用俱可)
以上四味,共为末,蒸饼丸如绿豆大,以朱砂为衣,每服四十丸。
人参丸 治产后大虚心悸,志意不安,恍惚恐畏,虚烦不眠少气。
人参 茯苓 麦冬(去心) 薯蓣(各二两) 泽泻 菖蒲 干姜 桂心 甘草(各一两)
共为末,白蜜和枣膏丸如梧子大。空心酒服二三十丸,早晚服。
人参当归汤 治产后块痛已止,或虚,或虚而有热,烦躁不宁。
人参 当归(酒浸) 熟地 麦冬(去心。各二钱) 肉桂(四分) 白芍(一钱,酒炒) 生地
(八分) 竹叶(十片)
水煎服。
生化汤(见本卷生化汤论后。) 失笑散(见中卷胞衣不下门。)
产妇因忧虑、惊恐、劳累和疲倦,加上分娩时失血过多,导致心中躁动不安,这被称为怔忡(心悸剧烈,无休止感)。如果表现为突然受惊恐惧,内心怯懦,好像有人要抓捕自己一样的状态,这被称为惊悸(因惊吓所致的心悸)。治疗这两种证候,关键在于调和脾胃,补养心血,使意志安宁、神志安定,气机舒畅、心神安稳,疾病自然痊愈。
如果在分娩后仍有血块未消散,适宜服用生化汤以补血并推动瘀血排出,连续服用数剂,待血液充盈而瘀血化去,怔忡和惊悸自然会平息,不必额外添加定志安神的药物。如果血块引起的疼痛已经停止,则服用加减归脾汤。
如果心中惊悸严重,甚至出现眼球不能转动、身体僵直不动的情况,诊察其脉搏跳动且虚弱无力,适宜采用养血为主,辅以安神药的方法,主方用养心汤。素来体内火气旺盛者,兼服安神丸。如果是虚烦导致的失眠,这也是心气虚弱所致,可用加减归脾汤一并治疗。孙思邈真人用人参丸治疗惊悸失眠也有效。
至于烦躁不宁的症状,也应区分是否有血块疼痛。如果血块疼痛尚未消除,说明有瘀血存在,可用生化汤调配合失笑散服用。如果血块疼痛已经停止,属于虚证,或者虚中夹热,用人参当归汤治疗。
加减归脾汤:治疗产后血块疼痛已止,但仍患怔忡惊悸。
配方:人参、茯苓、炒酸枣仁、麦冬(去心)、黄芪(蜜炙)、白术(土炒),以上各一钱;当归二钱(酒浸);川芎八分;远志肉六分(制过);陈皮、炙甘草各四分;龙眼肉八枚。加生姜一片,水煎服。若有虚烦,加一团竹茹;若有痰,加竹沥和姜汁;或者再加柏子仁。
另一版本:将茯苓改为茯神,去掉川芎和陈皮,加入木香二分。
养心汤:治疗产后心血不宁,惊悸不安。
配方:人参一钱五分;当归身二钱(酒浸);黄芪(蜜炙);麦冬(去心);炒酸枣仁;柏子仁,以上各一钱;茯神、川芎、制远志肉各八分;五味子十粒;炙甘草四分。水煎服。
安神丸:治疗产后怔忡惊悸,且素来火气旺盛者。
配方:酒浸当归身、生地黄各三钱;黄连二钱(炒);甘草五分(炙用或生用均可)。
以上四味药共研为细末,用蒸饼糊制成如绿豆大小的丸药,以朱砂为衣,每次服用四十丸。
人参丸:治疗产后极度虚弱引起的心悸,意志不安,精神恍惚,恐惧畏缩,虚烦失眠,少气懒言。
配方:人参、茯苓、麦冬(去心)、山药各二两;泽泻、石菖蒲、干姜、桂心、甘草各一两。
共研为细末,用白蜜和枣膏调和,制成如梧桐子大小的丸药。空腹时用酒送服二三十丸,早晚各一次。
人参当归汤:治疗产后血块疼痛已止,或因体虚,或因虚而有热,导致烦躁不宁。
配方:人参;酒浸当归、熟地黄、麦冬(去心)各二钱;肉桂四分;酒炒白芍一钱;生地黄八分;竹叶十片。
水煎服。
Postpartum women suffering from worry, fright, fatigue, and exhaustion, combined with excessive blood loss during delivery, may experience restless agitation in the heart, a condition known as Zhengchong (Palpitations with severe, continuous sensation). If the manifestation involves sudden fear and timidity, with a feeling of apprehension as if someone were about to capture them, it is called Jingji (Palpitations caused by fright). The treatment for these two conditions lies primarily in harmonizing the Spleen and Stomach, and nourishing Heart Blood, thereby calming the Will and stabilizing the Spirit, allowing Qi to flow smoothly and the Heart Mind to be at peace, leading to recovery.
If blood stasis clots remain unresolved after delivery, Shenghua Tang (Life-restoring Decoction) should be administered to nourish blood and promote the expulsion of stasis. After several doses, once blood volume is restored and stasis dissipates, Zhengchong and Jingji will naturally subside; there is no need to additionally add herbs for calming the Will and Spirit. If the pain caused by the clots has ceased, Jiajian Guipi Tang (Modified Gui Pi Decoction) is indicated.
If the patient experiences severe palpitations accompanied by immobility of the eyeballs and inability to move the body, and the pulse is found to be beating but weak, the treatment should focus on nourishing blood assisted by spirit-calming herbs, with Yangxin Tang (Nourish Heart Decoction) as the primary formula. For those who constitutionally have excessive internal heat, Anshen Wan (Calm Spirit Pill) should be taken concurrently. If insomnia is caused by deficiency-related vexation, which also stems from Heart Qi deficiency, Jiajian Guipi Tang can be used to treat both conditions. Sun Simiao (Master Sun) used Renshen Wan (Ginseng Pill) to treat palpitations and insomnia with good efficacy.
Regarding irritability and restlessness, one must distinguish whether abdominal pain from clots is present. If the pain from clots persists, indicating blood stasis, Shenghua Tang should be combined with Shixiao San (Pain-Dispersing Powder). If the pain has ceased, indicating a deficiency pattern, or deficiency with heat, Renshen Danggui Tang (Ginseng and Angelica Decoction) is prescribed.
Jiajian Guipi Tang: Treats postpartum Zhengchong and Jingji after the cessation of clot-related pain.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng), Fuling (Poria), Chao Zao Ren (Fried Semen Ziziphi Spinosae), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, core removed), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, earth-fried), each 1 qian; Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 qian (soaked in wine); Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) 8 fen; Yuanzhi Rou (Polygalae Radix flesh, processed) 6 fen; Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) and Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata) each 4 fen; Longyan Rou (Longan Aril) 8 pieces. Add one slice of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), decoct in water and take orally. For deficiency vexation, add a ball of Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam). For phlegm, add Zhuli (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam Juice) and Jiangzhi (Zingiberis Rhizoma Juice). Alternatively, add Baiziren (Semen Platycladi).
Alternative prescription: Replace Fuling with Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), remove Chuanxiong and Chenpi, and add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) 2 fen.
Yangxin Tang: Treats postpartum unrest of Heart Blood, causing palpitations and anxiety.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng) 1.5 qian; Danggui Shen (Body of Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 qian (soaked in wine); Huangqi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried); Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, core removed); Chao Zao Ren (Fried Semen Ziziphi Spinosae); Baiziren (Semen Platycladi), each 1 qian; Fushen (Poria with Hostwood); Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma); Yuanzhi Rou (Polygalae Radix flesh, processed), each 8 fen; Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) 10 grains; Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata) 4 fen. Decoct in water and take orally.
Anshen Wan: Treats postpartum Zhengchong and Jingji in patients with constitutionally excessive internal heat.
Ingredients: Jiujin Danggui Shen (Wine-soaked Body of Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) each 3 qian; Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) 2 qian (stir-fried); Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 5 fen (prepared or raw is acceptable).
Grind the above four ingredients into fine powder, mix with steamed cake paste to form pills the size of mung beans, coat with Zhusha (Cinnabaris), and take 40 pills per dose.
Renshen Wan: Treats postpartum severe deficiency-induced palpitations, mental instability,恍惚 (mental confusion/fugacity), fearfulness, deficiency vexation, insomnia, and shortness of breath.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng), Fuling (Poria), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, core removed), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) each 2 liang; Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) each 1 liang.
Grind into fine powder, mix with white honey and jujube paste to form pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 20-30 pills with wine on an empty stomach, morning and evening.
Renshen Danggui Tang: Treats postpartum cases where clot pain has ceased, due to deficiency, or deficiency with heat, resulting in irritability and restlessness.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng); Jiujin Danggui (Wine-soaked Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shudi Huang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, core removed) each 2 qian; Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) 4 fen; Jiuchao Baishao (Wine-stir-fried Paeoniae Radix Alba) 1 qian; Shengdi Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) 8 fen; Zhuye (Phyllostachys Viridis Folium) 10 leaves. Decoct in water and take orally.
Shenghua Tang (See discussion on Shenghua Tang later in this volume).
Shixiao San (See section on Retained Placenta in Volume II).