热病须得脉浮洪。细小徒费用神功。
诊阴病见阳脉者生。阳病见。阴脉者死。此伤寒之大法也。若诊得其脉
细小。是阳病得阴脉者死矣。
汗后脉静当便瘥。喘热脉乱命应终。
汗后邪退。脉当平静。今身反大热而喘。脉躁疾而乱。此名阴阳交。交者
死。
阳毒健乱四肢烦。面赤生花作点斑。狂言妄语如神鬼。下利频多喉不安。
汗出遍身应大瘥。鱼口开张命欲翻。有药不辜但与服。能过七日便能安。
池氏曰。阳证宜汗而解之。如失汗则邪传入藏。瘀热在里不散。致病健
乱烦躁。面赤发斑。狂言妄语。如见鬼神。下痢瘀血。如此危证。病传在里
不当汗。又加之遍身自汗。口如鱼口开强者死。能过七日。乃过经阳热
退。方有可救之理。池氏之言如此。予曰不然。夫阳毒之为病也。非由表
而传入于里也。乃阳邪热毒。一时表里俱伤。如面赤健乱而发斑点。乃
阳毒攻其表也。狂言妄语下痢。乃阳毒攻其里也。内外俱为阳毒所伤。
若得汗出。则亢龙有悔。应豁然病退而大瘥矣。汗出而病犹不瘥。及鱼
口气粗。则正不胜邪。而命欲翻矣。然而阳病易已。不可谓其必死。而勿
加救疗也。如解毒化斑之剂。不妨与服。倘能延过七日。则可生矣。过七
日则阳极而阴生。所谓七日来复是也。
热病应当出现浮洪脉。如果脉象细小，即使耗费再多的心神调理也是徒劳。
诊断阴病时，若见到阳脉，则预后良好（生）；诊断阳病时，若见到阴脉，则预后不良（死）。这是伤寒诊治的大法。如果在诊察时发现脉象细小，这就是阳病出现了阴脉，属于死证。
发汗之后，脉象应当平静，病情应当随之好转。如果发汗后反而出现气喘、高热，且脉象躁动疾速而紊乱，生命即将终结。
发汗后邪气已退，脉象应当平静。现在身体反而大热并且气喘，脉象躁急紊乱，这叫做“阴阳交”，阴阳交争者必死。
阳毒病患者会出现神志狂乱、四肢烦扰不适。面部发红，皮肤出现如花朵般的斑点。胡言乱语，仿佛被鬼神附体。频繁腹泻，咽喉不安适。
如果全身出汗，病情应当大幅好转。如果口唇张开像鱼嘴一样无法闭合，生命即将终结。此时若有药物，不妨给予服用，若能度过七天，便能平安无事。
池氏说：阳证适宜通过发汗来解除表邪。如果未能及时发汗，邪气就会传入脏腑，瘀滞的热毒在体内不散，导致疾病出现神志狂乱、烦躁、面部发红、发出斑点、胡言乱语、仿佛看见鬼神、下痢带血等危重症状。这种病症已经传变到体内，不应当再发汗。再加上患者全身自汗，口唇张开像鱼口一样不能闭合的，必死无疑。如果能度过七天，那是经过了传经过程，阳热消退，才有可救的道理。池氏的话就是这样。我说并非如此。阳毒这种病，并不是由体表传入体内的，而是阳邪热毒同时损伤了体表和体内。比如面部发红、神志狂乱并出现斑点，这是阳毒攻袭体表；胡言乱语、下痢，这是阳毒攻袭体内。内外都受到阳毒的伤害。如果得到出汗，就像《易经》中“亢龙有悔”一样，阳气极盛而反悔，病情应当豁然消退而大幅好转。如果出汗后病情仍然没有好转，以及出现口张气粗的症状，那就是正气不胜邪气，生命即将终结。然而阳病容易治愈，不能说它必定死亡而不进行救治。比如使用解毒化斑的方剂，不妨让患者服用。倘若能拖延过七天，就可以存活了。过了七天，就是阳极而生阴，所谓“七日来复”就是这个道理。
Heat diseases should present with a floating and surging pulse (Fú Hóng Mài, Floating-Surging Pulse). If the pulse is fine and small (Xì Xiǎo Mài, Fine-Small Pulse), even exhausting one's mental efforts will be in vain.
When diagnosing Yin diseases (Yīn Bìng, Diseases characterized by deficiency, cold, or interior pathology), if a Yang pulse (Yáng Mài, Pulse characteristics indicating excess, heat, or exterior pathology) is seen, there is hope for survival; when diagnosing Yang diseases, if a Yin pulse is seen, death ensues. This is the general principle of treating Cold Damage (Shāng Hán, External contraction diseases as defined in the Shanghan Lun). If upon examination the pulse is found to be fine and small, this constitutes a Yang disease presenting with a Yin pulse, which is a fatal sign.
After sweating, the pulse should become calm, and recovery should follow. If after sweating there is panting and high fever, and the pulse is restless, rapid, and chaotic, life is at its end.
After sweating, the pathogenic factor recedes, and the pulse should be tranquil. Now, the body is instead severely hot and panting, with a restless, rapid, and chaotic pulse. This is called "Yin-Yang Jiao" (Yīn Yáng Jiāo, A critical condition where Yin and Yang paths intersect and conflict, leading to death). "Jiao" implies death.
Patients with Yang Toxin (Yáng Dú, A severe heat-toxin syndrome) exhibit mental confusion and restlessness in the four limbs. The face is red, with spots appearing like flowers on the skin. There is delirious speech, as if possessed by spirits or ghosts. Frequent diarrhea occurs, accompanied by throat discomfort.
If sweat covers the whole body, significant recovery should occur. If the mouth opens like a fish's mouth (Yú Kǒu, A sign of impending death due to loss of Qi control), life is about to end. If medicine is available, it should not be withheld; if administered, the patient can recover after seven days.
Chi stated: Yang syndromes are suitable for resolution through sweating. If sweating is missed, the pathogen transmits into the Zang organs. Stagnant heat remains inside without dispersing, causing symptoms such as mental confusion, irritability, facial redness, eruption of macules, delirium, hallucinations of seeing spirits and ghosts, and bloody dysentery. In such critical conditions, where the disease has transmitted to the interior, sweating is contraindicated. Furthermore, if the patient sweats spontaneously all over the body and the mouth opens like a fish's mouth and cannot close, death is certain. Survival beyond seven days implies that the disease has passed through the meridians, Yang heat has subsided, and there is a chance for rescue. Such is Chi's view. I say otherwise. Yang Toxin does not transmit from the exterior to the interior. Rather, Yang pathogenic heat-toxin simultaneously damages both the exterior and interior. Facial redness, mental confusion, and the appearance of spots indicate Yang Toxin attacking the exterior; delirium and diarrhea indicate Yang Toxin attacking the interior. Both internal and external aspects are injured by Yang Toxin. If sweating occurs, akin to the concept of "The Arrogant Dragon Has Regret" (Kàng Lóng Yǒu Huǐ, from the I Ching, implying extreme yang leads to reversal), the illness should recede abruptly and significantly improve. If sweating occurs but the illness does not improve, and the mouth opens with coarse breathing, then righteous Qi fails to overcome the pathogenic Qi, and life is lost. However, Yang diseases are easy to cure; one must not declare them inevitably fatal and neglect treatment. For instance, decoctions for detoxification and resolving macules (Jiě Dú Huà Bān Zhī Jì, Formulas for clearing heat-toxin and resolving skin eruptions) may be used. If the patient can survive past seven days, they can live. After seven days, extreme Yang generates Yin, which is what is meant by "Recovery comes back in seven days" (Qī Rì Lái Fù, A cycle of physiological recovery described in the Shanghan Lun).