三部俱数心家热。舌上生疮唇破裂。狂言满目见鬼神。饮水百杯终不歇。
心脉芤〔阳气作声〕(时失血荣)。或时〔血痢〕(尿血)吐交横。溢关骨痛心烦躁。更兼头面赤
。
池氏曰。溢关者。阴气上至于关。而未溢于关前阳部。肾之阴水。欲胜心火。火不受邪。水火交
争而两伤。肾伤则骨痛。心伤则烦躁。以致气上攻而头面赤。
大实由来面赤风。燥痛面色与心同。微寒虚惕心寒热。急则肠中痛不通。实大相兼并有滑。
舌强心惊语话难。单滑心热别无病。涩无心力不多言。沉紧心中逆冷痛。弦时心急又心悬。
肝脏应春阳。连枝胆共房。色青形象木。位列在东方。含血荣于目。牵筋运爪将。逆时生恚怒。
顺候脉弦长。泣下为之液。声呼是本乡。味酸宜所纳。麻谷应随粮。实梦山林树。虚看细
草芒。积曰肥气得。杯覆胁隅旁。翠羽身将吉。颜同枯草殃。四斤余四两。七叶两分行。
三部俱弦肝有余。目中疼痛苦 虚。怒气满胸常欲叫。翳 瞳子泪如珠。
肝软并弦本没邪。紧因筋急有些些。细看浮大更兼实。赤痛昏昏似物遮。溢关过寸口相应。
目眩头重与筋疼。芤时眼暗或吐血。四肢瘫痪不能行。涩则缘虚血散之。肋胀胁满自应知。滑因肝
热连头目。紧实弦沉 癖基。微弱浮散气作难。目暗生花不耐看。甚浮筋弱身无力。遇此还须四体瘫。
三部脉象均呈现数脉,这是心脏有热的表现。患者舌上生疮,嘴唇破裂。出现胡言乱语,眼前仿佛看见鬼神。即使喝下百杯凉水,口渴仍无法缓解。
心脉若见芤脉(阳气鼓动有声)(时常因失血导致营血亏虚),或者时而发生血痢、尿血,吐血与便血交错横溢。脉搏溢出关部,伴有骨节疼痛和心烦躁扰。再加上头面部发红。
池氏说:所谓“溢关”,是指阴气上行至关部,但尚未溢出到关前属阳的部位。肾中的阴水,想要克制心火,但心火不受邪侵,水火相互交争而两败俱伤。肾受伤则骨痛,心受伤则烦躁,导致气机上逆攻冲,从而引起头面发红。
大实证由来已久会出现面红如妆的风热症状,燥痛的面色与心病相同。轻微恶寒且心中惊惕不安,是心寒发热之象;病情急骤时则肠中疼痛不通畅。脉象实大相兼并伴有滑象,表现为舌体僵硬、心惊、言语困难。单纯滑脉表示心热,若无其他病证则无大碍。涩脉表示心力不足,患者不多言语。沉紧脉表示心中逆冷疼痛。弦脉表示心急且心中悬空不适。
肝脏对应春季的阳气,与胆腑相连如同连枝,同处一房。其色为青,形象属木,方位位于东方。肝藏血以濡养眼睛,主司筋脉以运动爪甲。肝气逆乱时容易产生愤怒情绪。顺应时令的脉象应为弦长脉。泪液由肝所化,呼号声是肝的本音。酸味适宜肝所摄取,麻麦稻谷等谷物随粮食相应生长。实证多梦见山林树木,虚证多看见细草芒刺。积聚之气称为肥气,位于右胁下方边缘。身穿翠羽衣象征吉祥,面色枯黄如草则是灾殃。肝脏重四斤余四两,分为七叶,左右两行排列。
三部脉象均呈现弦脉,表示肝气有余。眼睛疼痛痛苦,视力虚弱。怒气充满胸中,常想大叫。眼睑遮蔽瞳孔,泪水如珠串般滴落。
肝脉软而兼弦,原本没有邪气。紧脉是因为筋脉拘急所致,程度轻微。仔细诊察若浮大且兼实象,则表示赤痛昏花,视物模糊似有物体遮挡。脉象溢出关部超过寸口相应部位,表现为目眩、头重和筋脉疼痛。芤脉表示眼睛昏暗或吐血。四肢瘫痪不能行走。涩脉是因为血虚导致血液散乱。肋部胀满、胁部充实自然应当知晓。滑脉是因为肝热牵连头目。紧实弦沉脉是癖积的基础。微弱浮散脉表示气机作难。眼睛昏暗、视物生花,不耐久看。脉象甚浮且筋弱,身体无力,遇到这种情况还需要判断是否出现四肢瘫痪。
The pulse at all three positions is rapid (Shu), indicating heat in the Heart. Sores appear on the tongue, and the lips are cracked. The patient speaks deliriously, seeing ghosts and spirits before their eyes. Even after drinking a hundred cups of water, the thirst remains unquenched.
If the Heart pulse is Kou (Hollow) [indicating Yang qi making sound] [often due to blood loss leading to Ying blood deficiency], or if there is intermittent bloody dysentery or hematuria, with hematemesis and melena occurring chaotically. If the pulse overflows past the Guan position, accompanied by bone pain and mental restlessness, along with redness of the head and face.
Master Chi said: "Overflowing Guan" refers to Yin qi ascending to the Guan position but not yet overflowing into the Yang area anterior to the Guan. The Yin water of the Kidney attempts to overcome the Fire of the Heart, but the Heart Fire does not accept the pathogen. Water and Fire contend with each other, injuring both. Injury to the Kidney causes bone pain; injury to the Heart causes restlessness, leading to Qi attacking upward and causing redness of the head and face.
Chronic excess conditions often present with facial redness resembling wind-heat; dry pain and facial complexion are similar to Heart diseases. Slight aversion to cold with mental palpitations indicates Heart cold and fever; acute cases involve painful obstruction in the intestines. An excess-large pulse combined with slippery qualities presents as a stiff tongue, mental fright, and difficulty speaking. A solitary slippery pulse indicates Heart heat without other diseases. A choppy pulse indicates insufficient Heart power, with the patient speaking little. A deep-tight pulse indicates counterflow cold pain in the heart. A wiry pulse indicates Heart anxiety and a sensation of emptiness in the chest.
The Liver corresponds to the Yang of Spring, connected to the Gallbladder like linked branches, sharing the same residence. Its color is green, its form belongs to Wood, and its position is in the East. It stores blood to nourish the eyes and controls sinews to move the nails. When rebellious, it generates anger. In accordance with normal conditions, the pulse is wiry and long. Tears are its fluid, and shouting is its voice. Sour flavors are suitable for its intake, and hemp, wheat, rice, and grains correspond to its dietary needs. Excess dreams manifest as mountains, forests, and trees; deficiency manifests as seeing fine grass awns. Accumulated Qi is called Fei Qi, located at the edge of the hypochondrium. Wearing kingfisher feathers signifies auspiciousness; a face resembling withered grass signifies disaster. The Liver weighs four jin and four liang, divided into seven lobes arranged in two rows.
When the pulse at all three positions is wiry, it indicates Liver excess. There is pain and suffering in the eyes, and vision is weak. Anger fills the chest, creating an urge to shout. Eyelids obscure the pupils, and tears fall like pearls.
A soft Liver pulse combined with wiry qualities originally indicates no pathogen. Tightness arises from slight sinus tension. Careful observation reveals floating, large, and excess qualities, indicating red pain, dizziness, and visual obstruction as if covered by an object. If the pulse overflows past the Guan position corresponding to the Cun position, it presents with vertigo, heavy head, and sinus pain. A Kou pulse indicates dim vision or hematemesis. Paralysis of the four limbs prevents walking. A choppy pulse indicates blood scattering due to deficiency. Rib distension and hypochondriac fullness should be known naturally. A slippery pulse indicates Liver heat affecting the head and eyes. Tight, excess, wiry, and deep pulses form the basis for Pi Ji (masses). Weak, floating, and scattered pulses indicate Qi distress. Dim vision and flashing lights make prolonged viewing intolerable. A very floating pulse with weak sinews and body weakness, upon encountering this, requires assessment for paralysis of the four limbs.