鼻头微黑，为有水气。色见黄者，胸上有寒。色白亡血。微赤非时，见之者死。
察色精微，莫先于目下之精明，鼻间之明堂。经谓“精明五色者，气之华也”，是五脏之精华，上见为五
色，变化于精明之间，某色为善，某色为恶，可先知也。仲景更出精微，尤要在中央鼻准，毋亦以鼻准在
天为镇星，在地为中狱，木金水火四藏，气必归并于中土耶！其谓“鼻头色青，腹中苦冷者死”，此一语
独创千古。后人每恨《卒病论》亡，莫由仰溯渊源，不知此语正其大者。盖厥阴肝木之青色，挟肾水之
寒威，上征于鼻，下征于腹，是为暴病，顷之亡阳而卒死耳。其谓“鼻头色微黑者有水气”，又亘上句之
意，见黑虽为肾阴之色，微黑且无腹病，但主水气而非暴病也。谓“色黄者胸上有寒”，寒字《伤寒论》
中多指为痰，言胸有积痰也。谓“色白者亡血”，白者肺之色，肺主上焦以行营卫，营不充则鼻色白，故
知亡血也。谓“设微赤非时者死”，火之色归于土，何遽主死？然非其时而有其气。则火非生土之火，乃
克金之火，又主脏燥而死矣。
鼻头色黄，小便必难。（鼻头黄色，又主胸中有寒，寒则水谷不运，故小便难。）余处无恙，鼻尖青黄，其人必淋。
鼻青腹痛，舌冷者死。鼻孔忽仰，可决短期。鼻色枯槁，死亡将及。鼻冷连颐，十无一生。（鼻者
属土，而为肺气之所出入。肺胃之神机已绝，故枯槁而冷，顾其能活乎！）
鼻头颜色微微发黑，说明体内有水饮停聚。面色呈现黄色，说明胸中有寒邪。面色苍白，说明失血。如果在非正常季节出现微红色，见到这种面色的人将会死亡。
观察面色的精微变化，没有比观察眼下睛明穴周围和鼻部明堂部位更优先的了。医经说“精明五色是脏腑精气的外在荣华”，这是五脏精华上荣于面表现为五色，在精明之间发生变化，哪种颜色是吉兆，哪种颜色是凶兆，可以预先知晓。张仲景进一步阐发其中的精微之处，尤其强调中央鼻准的重要性，难道不是因为鼻准在天象中对应镇星（土星），在地形中对应中宫（脾胃），木、金、水、火四脏的气机必然归并汇聚于中土吗！他说“鼻头颜色发青，腹部感到寒冷痛苦的会死亡”，这一句话独创千古。后人常常遗憾《卒病论》已经亡佚，无法追溯其渊源，却不知道这句话正是其中重要的内容。大概是因为厥阴肝木的青色，挟带肾水的寒威，上征验于鼻部，下征验于腹部，这属于暴病，不久就会阳气亡脱而突然死亡。他说“鼻头颜色微微发黑的有水气”，又承接上一句的意思，见到黑色虽然是肾阴的颜色，但只是微微发黑且没有腹部病症，只主水气而不是暴病。他说“面色黄的是胸中有寒”，这里的“寒”字在《伤寒论》中多指痰饮，意思是胸中有积痰。他说“面色白的是失血”，白色是肺的颜色，肺主管上焦以运行营卫，营气不充盈则鼻色发白，所以知道是失血。他说“如果微红但不是正常时节出现的会死亡”，火的色彩归于土，为什么就主死呢？然而如果不是相应的时节却出现了相应的气候特征，那么这种火就不是生土的温和之火，而是克金的燥热之火，又会导致脏燥而死。
鼻头颜色发黄，小便一定困难。（鼻头黄色，又主胸中有寒，寒邪导致水谷运化失常，所以小便困难。）我处治过的病例中，鼻尖青黄的，这个人必定患有淋证。鼻子青色且腹痛，舌头冰冷的会死亡。鼻孔忽然向上翻翘，可以断定短期内的生死。鼻色枯槁无泽，死亡即将来临。鼻部冰冷一直延伸到面颊下颌，十个人中没有能活下来的。（鼻部属土，是肺气出入的通道。肺胃的神机已经断绝，所以鼻色枯槁而冷，怎么能存活呢！）
If the tip of the nose is slightly black, it indicates the presence of fluid retention (Shui Qi). If the complexion appears yellow, it indicates cold in the chest. A pale complexion indicates loss of blood (Wang Xue). If a slight redness appears out of season, death will ensue.
In observing the subtle changes of facial color, nothing takes precedence over the area around Jingming (BL1) under the eyes and the Ming Tang (Bright Hall) on the nose. The classics state, "The clear spirit and five colors are the splendor of Qi." This refers to the essence of the Five Zang organs manifesting as five colors upon the face, changing within the clear spirit; one can predict in advance which color signifies auspiciousness and which signifies ominous signs. Zhang Zhongjing further elaborated on these subtleties, particularly emphasizing the importance of the central Nose Tip (Bi Zhun). Is it not because the Nose Tip corresponds to the Star of Earth (Zhen Xing) in the heavens and the Central Prison (Zhong Yu) on earth, implying that the Qi of the Liver (Wood), Lung (Metal), Kidney (Water), and Heart (Fire) must converge into the Spleen/Stomach (Earth)? He stated, "If the nose tip is green and the abdomen feels bitterly cold, death will occur." This statement is unique through the ages. Later generations often lamented the loss of the *Treatise on Acute Diseases* (*Zu Bing Lun*), making it impossible to trace its origins, yet they did not realize that this statement is indeed of major significance. It is likely that the green color of the Jueyin Liver Wood, carrying the cold power of Kidney Water, manifests upward at the nose and downward at the abdomen. This constitutes an acute disease, leading to the sudden collapse of Yang Qi and immediate death. His statement, "If the nose tip is slightly black, there is fluid retention," continues the meaning of the previous sentence. Although black is the color of Kidney Yin, if it is only slightly black and accompanied by no abdominal pathology, it primarily indicates fluid retention rather than an acute disease. His statement, "If the color is yellow, there is cold in the chest," uses the term "cold" in the *Treatise on Cold Damage* (*Shang Han Lun*) to mostly refer to phlegm, indicating accumulated phlegm in the chest. His statement, "If the color is white, there is loss of blood," notes that white is the color of the Lung. The Lung governs the Upper Jiao to circulate Ying (Nutritive) and Wei (Defensive) Qi. When Ying Qi is insufficient, the nose appears white, thus indicating loss of blood. His statement, "If it is slightly red but out of season, death will ensue," asks why fire color returning to earth would indicate death. However, if the climate does not match the season, this fire is not the warming fire that generates earth, but the scorching fire that overcomes metal, leading to dryness of the Zang organs and death.
If the nose tip is yellow, urination will certainly be difficult. (A yellow nose tip also indicates cold in the chest; cold impairs the transportation of water and grain, hence difficulty in urination.) In my clinical practice, cases with a bluish-yellow tip of the nose invariably suffer from Lin syndrome (strangury). If the nose is green, accompanied by abdominal pain and a cold tongue, death will occur. If the nostrils suddenly turn upward, the time of death can be predicted shortly. If the nose appears withered and dull, death is imminent. If the nose is cold extending to the cheeks and jaw, fewer than one in ten will survive. (The nose belongs to Earth and serves as the passage for Lung Qi. With the divine mechanism of the Lung and Stomach exhausted, the nose becomes withered and cold; how could life persist?)