师曰∶病有奔豚，有吐脓，有惊怖，有火邪，此四部病，皆从惊发得之。
火邪者，桂枝去芍药加蜀漆牡蛎龙骨救逆汤主之。
心下悸者，半夏麻黄丸主之。
咳逆倚息不得卧，小青龙汤主之。青龙汤下已，多唾，口燥，寸脉沉，尺脉微，手
足厥逆，气从少腹上冲胸咽，手足痹，其面翕热如醉状，因复下流阴股，小便难，时复
冒者，与茯苓桂枝五味甘草汤，治其气冲。冲气即低，而反更咳、胸满者，用苓桂五味甘
草汤，去桂，加干姜、细辛，以治其咳满。咳满即止，而更复渴，冲气复发者，以细辛、干
姜为热药也，服之当遂渴。而渴反止者，为支饮也。支饮者，法当冒，冒者必呕，呕者
复内半夏以去其水。水去呕止，其人形肿者，加杏仁主之。其证应内麻黄，以其人遂痹，故
不内之；若逆而内之者，必厥，所以然者，以其人血虚，麻黄发其阳故也。若面热如醉，此
为胃热上冲熏其面，加大黄以利之。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉则热，迟脉则潜，热潜相抟，名曰沉。跗阳脉浮而数，浮脉即
热，数脉即止，热止相搏，名曰伏。沉伏
相搏，名曰水。沉则络脉虚，伏则小便难，虚难相抟，水走皮肤，即为水矣。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦则卫气不行，即恶寒，水不沾流，走于肠间。
问曰∶病者苦水，面目、身体、四肢皆肿，小便不利。脉之，不言水，反言胸中痛，
气上冲咽，状如炙肉，当微咳喘。审如师言，其脉何类？师曰∶寸口脉沉而紧，沉则为水，
紧则为寒；沉紧相搏，结在关元。始时当微，年盛不觉，阳衰之后，营卫相干，阳损阴盛，
结寒微动，肾气上冲，咽喉塞噎，胁下急痛。医以为留饮而大下之，气击不去，其病不除；
后重吐之，胃家虚烦，咽燥欲饮水，小便不利，水谷不化，面目手足浮肿。又与葶苈丸
下水，当时如小瘥，食饮过度，肿复如前，胸胁苦痛，象若奔豚，其水扬溢，则浮咳喘逆。
当先攻击冲气，令止，乃治咳，咳止其喘自瘥，先治新病，病当在后。
黄汗之病，两胫自冷；假令发热，此属历节。食已汗出，又身常暮卧盗汗出者，此
荣气也。若汗出已，反发热者，久久其身必甲错；发热不止者，必生恶疮。若身重，汗
出已辄轻者，久久必身 ， 即胸中痛，又从腰以上必汗出，下无汗，腰髋弛痛，如有
物在皮中状，剧者不能食，身疼重，烦躁，小便不利，此为黄汗，桂枝加黄 汤主之。
老师说：疾病有奔豚（一种自觉气从少腹上冲胸咽的病症）、吐脓、惊怖（惊恐恐惧）、火邪（因误用火疗导致的病证），这四种病，都是从受惊后引发的。
心中风（心经受风邪侵袭），表现为翕翕发热（轻微发热）、不能起身、心中感觉饥饿，进食后即呕吐。
属于火邪致病者，用桂枝去芍药加蜀漆牡蛎龙骨救逆汤主治。
咳嗽气逆，倚靠呼吸，无法平卧，用小青龙汤主治。服用小青龙汤后，若出现多唾、口燥、寸脉沉、尺脉微、手足厥冷、气从少腹上冲至胸咽、手足麻木、面部潮红如醉酒状，随后热气下行至大腿内侧，小便困难，时常头晕目眩者，给予茯苓桂枝五味甘草汤，以治疗气上冲。气冲症状减轻后，反而再次咳嗽、胸满者，使用苓桂五味甘草汤，去掉桂枝，加入干姜、细辛，以治疗咳嗽和胸满。咳嗽和胸满停止后，如果又出现口渴，且气冲复发，这是因为细辛、干姜是热性药，服用后应当感到口渴。但如果喝了水后口渴反而停止，这是因为有支饮（停聚在胸肺间的痰饮）。支饮患者，按法应当出现头晕，头晕的人必定伴有呕吐，呕吐的人再加入半夏以去除水饮。水饮去除了，呕吐停止了，如果病人身体浮肿，加杏仁主治。按理说这种情况应该加入麻黄，但因为病人已有手足麻木，所以不加入；如果违背这一原则强行加入，必然导致四肢厥冷，之所以这样，是因为病人血虚，麻黄会发散其阳气。如果面部发热如醉酒状，这是胃热上冲熏蒸面部，加大黄以通利之。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮脉主热，迟脉主潜藏，热与潜相互搏结，称为“沉”。跗阳脉浮而数，浮脉即主热，数脉主止（此处指热势被遏制或阴气收敛），热与止相互搏结，称为“伏”。沉与伏相互搏结，称为“水”病。沉则络脉空虚，伏则小便困难，虚与难相互搏结，水湿流走皮肤，就形成了水肿。
寸口脉弦而紧，弦脉则卫气运行不畅，因而恶寒，水液不循常道流动，走窜于肠间。
问：病人痛苦于水病，面目、身体、四肢都肿胀，小便不利。诊脉时，病人不说有水病，反而说胸中痛，气上冲咽喉，感觉像有烤肉堵在那里，应当伴有轻微咳嗽气喘。如果确实像老师所说，他的脉象是什么样的？老师说：寸口脉沉而紧，沉脉主水，紧脉主寒；沉脉与紧脉相互搏结，结聚在关元穴部位。开始时病情轻微，年富力强时不觉察，阳气衰退之后，营卫相互干扰，阳气受损阴气盛，凝结的寒邪微微发动，肾气上冲，咽喉堵塞噎塞，胁下急迫疼痛。医生误认为是留饮（停留的水饮）而用峻下法攻下，气击症状不去除，疾病不愈；后来再用重吐法，导致胃气虚弱烦闷，咽干想喝水，小便不利，水谷不消化，面目手足浮肿。又给予葶苈丸攻下水气，当时好像稍微好转，但饮食过度，肿胀又恢复如初，胸胁苦痛，形象如同奔豚，水气扬溢，则出现浮肿、咳嗽、气喘、气逆。应当先攻击冲气，使其停止，然后再治咳嗽，咳嗽停止后气喘自然痊愈，先治新发的病，旧病应当放在后面处理。
黄汗病，两小腿自然发冷；假如发热，这属于历节病。饭后出汗，并且身体常在傍晚卧床时盗汗，这属于荣气病。如果出汗后反而发热，时间久了身体必定会出现肌肤甲错（皮肤干燥粗糙如鳞甲）；发热不止的，必定生恶疮。如果身体沉重，出汗后随即变轻的，时间久了必定身体酸痛，即胸中痛，而且从腰部以上必定出汗，腰部以下无汗，腰髋弛缓疼痛，好像有东西在皮中一样，严重的不能进食，身体疼痛沉重，烦躁，小便不利，这是黄汗病，用桂枝加黄芪汤主治。
The Master said: There are diseases of Ben Tun (Rushing Pig, a condition characterized by the sensation of Qi rushing from the lower abdomen to the chest and throat), vomiting of pus, Jing Bu (fright and terror), and Huo Xie (Fire Evil, disease caused by improper fire therapy). These four types of diseases all arise from fright.
For Cold Qi Jue Ni (Cold pathogen causing reversal coldness of the limbs), Chi Wan (Red Pill) is the primary treatment.
When Xin Zhong Feng (Wind pathogen affecting the Heart) occurs, there is Xi Xi Fa Re (mild feverish heat), inability to rise, a sensation of hunger in the heart region, and vomiting immediately after eating.
For cases attributed to Huo Xie (Fire Evil), Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Shuqi Muli Longgu Jiuni Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction without Paeonia, plus Pinellia Aril, Oyster Shell, and Dragon Bone for Rescue from Reversal) is the primary treatment.
For Xin Xia Ji (palpitations in the epigastrium), Banxia Mahuang Wan (Pinellia and Ephedra Pill) is the primary treatment.
For Ke Ni Yi Xi Bu De Wo (cough with inverted breathing, leaning on support to breathe, unable to lie flat), Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) is the primary treatment. After administering Xiao Qinglong Tang, if there is excessive salivation, dry mouth, deep pulse at the Cun position, faint pulse at the Chi position, cold hands and feet, Qi rushing from the lower abdomen to the chest and throat, numbness in the extremities, facial flushing resembling drunkenness, followed by heat flowing down to the inner thighs, difficult urination, and occasional dizziness, give Fuling Guizhi Wuweigancao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Schisandra, and Licorice Decoction) to treat the Qi rushing. Once the Qi rushing subsides, but cough and chest fullness recur, use Linggui Wumei Gancao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Schisandra, and Licorice Decoction), remove Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig), add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Xixin (Asarum), to treat the cough and fullness. When the cough and fullness cease, but thirst recurs and the Qi rushing reappears, it is because Xixin and Ganjiang are hot herbs; taking them should cause thirst. If the thirst stops after drinking water, this indicates Zhi Yin (Branch Fluids, fluid retention in the chest/lungs). Patients with Zhi Yin typically experience dizziness; those who are dizzy must vomit. For those who vomit, add Banxia (Pinellia) to eliminate the fluid. When the fluid is eliminated and vomiting stops, if the patient's body becomes swollen, add Renmi (Apricot Seed) as the primary treatment. Although this condition should theoretically include Mahuang (Ephedra), it is not added because the patient already has numbness; if forced against this principle, it will definitely cause Jue (reversal coldness). This is because the patient has Blood deficiency, and Mahuang disperses Yang Qi. If the face is hot like drunkenness, this is Stomach Heat rushing upward to flush the face; add Dahuang (Rhubarb) to promote purgation.
The Cun Kou (Radial artery at the wrist) pulse is Floating and Slow. Floating indicates Heat; Slow indicates Submergence. The interaction of Heat and Submergence is called Chen (Deep). The Fu Yang pulse is Floating and Rapid. Floating indicates Heat; Rapid indicates Restraint/Stopping. The interaction of Heat and Restraint is called Fu (Hidden). The interaction of Chen (Deep) and Fu (Hidden) is called Shui (Water). Deep pulse implies emptiness of the collateral vessels; Hidden pulse implies difficulty in urination. The interaction of Emptiness and Difficulty causes Water to flow into the skin, resulting in Edema.
The Cun Kou pulse is Wiry and Tight. Wiry implies that Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) does not move freely, leading to aversion to cold. Water fails to flow normally and moves into the intestines.
Question: A patient suffers from Water disease, with swelling of the face, eyes, body, and limbs, and difficulty in urination. Upon palpating the pulse, the patient does not mention Water disease but instead complains of pain in the chest, Qi rushing up to the throat, a sensation as if a piece of roasted meat is stuck there, and likely mild coughing and wheezing. If this matches what the Master said, what kind of pulse would it be? The Master said: The Cun Kou pulse is Deep and Tight. Deep indicates Water; Tight indicates Cold. The interaction of Deep and Tight knots at the Guan Yuan point. Initially, it is slight, and youthfulness masks it. After Yang Qi declines, Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi) interfere with each other. Yang is damaged, Yin becomes excessive. The knotted Cold stirs slightly, Kidney Qi rushes upward, causing throat blockage and tightness, and acute pain under the ribs. Physicians mistook this for Liu Yin (Retained Fluids) and used strong purgatives. The Qi strike remained, and the disease was not cured. Later, heavy emetics were used, causing stomach deficiency and irritability, dry throat desire for water, difficulty in urination, indigestion of food and drink, and edema of the face, eyes, and limbs. Then Tingli Wan (Descurainia Seed Pill) was given to drain water. At that time, there was slight improvement, but overeating caused the swelling to return as before, with bitter pain in the chest and hypochondrium, resembling Ben Tun (Rushing Pig). The overflowing water leads to floating edema, cough, wheezing, and rebellious Qi. One must first attack the rebellious Qi to stop it, then treat the cough. When the cough stops, the wheezing heals itself. Treat the new disease first; the old disease should be addressed later.
In Huang Han (Yellow Sweat) disease, the calves are naturally cold. If they feel hot, this belongs to Li Jie (Migratory Joint Pain). Sweating after eating, and night sweats while lying down in the evening, belong to Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) disorders. If sweating is followed by fever, the body will eventually develop Jia Cuo (crisscross scales, rough skin). If fever persists, malignant sores will surely develop. If the body feels heavy, and lightens after sweating, prolonged illness will lead to body soreness and chest pain. Sweating will occur above the waist, but not below. The loins and hips will feel loose and painful, as if something is trapped in the skin. In severe cases, there is inability to eat, body pain and heaviness, irritability, and difficulty in urination. This is Huang Han (Yellow Sweat), treated primarily with Guizhi Jia Huangqi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Astragalus).