舌上忽出血如线，用槐花炒研末掺之，麦门冬煎汤调妙香散。香薷汁，服一升，
日三。发灰二钱，米醋调服，且敷血出处。文蛤散，治热壅舌上出血如泉。五倍子、
白胶香、牡蛎粉等分为末，每用少许掺患处。或烧热铁烙孔上。
血从齿缝中、或齿龈中出，谓之齿衄，亦曰牙宣。有风壅，有肾虚。风壅者，
消风散内服外擦。（外用加盐。）肾虚者，以肾主骨，牙者骨之余，火乘水虚而上炎，服凉
药而愈甚，宜盐汤下安肾丸，间黑锡丹，仍用青盐炒香附黑色为末擦之。亦有胃
热牙疼而龈间出血，以至崩落，口臭不可近人者，内服清胃散、甘露饮，外用大黄、
（米泔浸令软）生地黄（大者薄切。）二味，旋切，各用一二片合定，贴所患牙上，一夜即愈，忌说
话。尝治三人不咳唾而血见口中，从齿缝舌下来者，每用益肾水泻相火治之，不旬日
愈。《医旨绪余》云∶有侄女十岁，因毁齿动摇、以苎麻摘之血出不止，一日夜积十
一盆，用末药止其处，少顷复从口出。诊其脉皆洪大有力。以三制大黄末二钱，枳
壳汤少加童便调下，去黑粪数块，其血顿止。一男子每齿根出血盈盆，一月一发，
百药不效，知其人好饮，投前剂一服而安。一老妪患此，一发五七日，日约升余，
投前剂亦安。所下皆有黑粪，是知此疾多阳明热盛所致，缘冲任二脉皆附阳明，阳
明一经气血俱多，故一发如潮涌，急则治其标，故投以釜底抽薪之法，应手而愈。
要知肾虚血出者，其血必点滴而出，齿亦攸攸而疼，必不如此之暴且甚也。
舌上突然出血如线状，可用炒制后研成细末的槐花直接撒敷患处，或用麦门冬煎煮的汤剂调和妙香散内服。饮用香薷汁一升，每日三次。将头发烧成的灰二钱，用米醋调匀后内服，并同时外敷于出血部位。文蛤散，用于治疗因热邪壅盛导致舌上出血如泉水涌出者。将五倍子、白胶香、牡蛎粉按等比例研成细末，每次取少量撒敷患处。或者用烧热的铁器烙烫出血孔。
血液从齿缝中或牙龈中流出，称为齿衄（牙齿出血），也称为牙宣（牙龈萎缩出血）。病因有风邪壅滞和肾虚两种。风邪壅滞者，内服并外用消风散。（外用时加盐。）肾虚者，因为肾主骨，牙齿是骨的余气所生，若水虚火旺，虚火上炎，服用寒凉药物反而会使病情加重，宜用盐汤送服安肾丸，间歇服用黑锡丹，仍需用青盐炒香附子至黑色，研成粉末擦涂患处。也有因胃热引起牙痛且牙龈间出血，甚至导致牙齿崩落，口臭严重到让人无法靠近的情况，内服清胃散、甘露饮，外用大黄（用米泔水浸泡至软）、生地黄（大的切片薄切），这两味药现切现用，各取一二片贴合在患牙上，一夜即可痊愈，期间忌说话。曾治疗三人，不咳嗽吐痰而口中见血，血从齿缝和舌头下方流出，每次都用滋补肾阴、泻相火的方法治疗，不到十天即愈。《医旨绪余》记载：有一侄女十岁，因换牙松动，用苎麻拔除后血流不止，一天一夜积血达十一盆，用粉末药物止住局部出血，但片刻后又从口中流出。诊察其脉象皆洪大有力。给予经过三次炮制的大黄末二钱，用枳壳汤少加童便调服，排出数块黑粪，其血顿时停止。一男子每根齿根出血盈满一盆，每月发作一次，百药无效，得知此人喜好饮酒，投以此方一服即安稳。一老妇人患此病，每次发作持续五七日，每天约出血一升多，投以此方也得以安宁。所排出的都有黑粪，由此可知此疾多由阳明经热盛所致，因为冲脉和任脉都依附于阳明经，阳明一经气血俱多，所以发作时如潮水般汹涌，急则治其标，故采用釜底抽薪之法，应手而愈。要知道肾虚导致的出血，其血必定点滴而出，牙齿也是隐隐作痛，绝不会如此猛烈且严重。
Sudden bleeding from the tongue resembling a thread can be treated by applying powdered Sophorae Flos (Huaihua) that has been stir-fried and ground, or by taking Miao Xiang San (Wonderful Fragrance Powder) mixed with decoction of Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong). Drink one sheng of Elsholtziae Herba juice (Xiangru), three times a day. Take two qian of burnt hair powder, mixed with rice vinegar for oral administration, and simultaneously apply it to the bleeding site. Wen Ge San (Clam Shell Powder) is used to treat bleeding from the tongue like a spring due to heat obstruction. Mix equal parts of Gallochinum (Wubeizi), Liquidambaris Resina (Baijiaoxiang), and Ostreum Concha (Muli) into powder; apply a small amount to the affected area each time. Alternatively, cauterize the bleeding pore with a heated iron tool.
Blood flowing from the interdental spaces or gums is called Chi Nu (Dental Epistaxis/Hemorrhage), also known as Ya Xuan (Gum Recession with Bleeding). The etiology involves wind obstruction or kidney deficiency. In cases of wind obstruction, Xiao Feng San (Eliminate Wind Powder) is taken internally and applied externally (with added salt for external use). In cases of kidney deficiency, since the Kidney governs bone and teeth are the surplus of bone, fire flares upward due to water deficiency and empty heat; in such cases, cold-natured medicines may worsen the condition. It is appropriate to administer An Shen Wan (Kidney-Anchoring Pill) with salted water, interspersed with Hei Xi Dan (Black Tin Pill), and still use Qing Yan Chao Xiang Fu (Green Salt Stir-fried Cyperi Rhizoma) ground into powder for topical application. There are also cases of gum bleeding leading to tooth loss and severe halitosis due to Stomach Heat causing toothache; these are treated internally with Qing Wei San (Clear Stomach Powder) and Gan Lu Yin (Sweet Dew Decoction), and externally by applying fresh slices of Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (soaked in starch water until soft) and Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) (thinly sliced large roots) to the affected tooth overnight, while refraining from speaking. I once treated three patients who had blood in their mouths without coughing or expectoration, coming from between the teeth and under the tongue; treating them by nourishing Kidney Water and draining Ministerial Fire resulted in recovery within ten days. *Yi Zhi Xu Yu* records: A niece aged ten had uncontrollable bleeding after pulling out a loose deciduous tooth using Ramie stem; she accumulated eleven basins of blood in a day and night. Local powder medication stopped the flow temporarily, but it resumed from the mouth shortly after. Her pulse was found to be surging, large, and forceful. Administering two qian of tri-processed Rhei Radix et Rhizoma powder, mixed with Fructus Aurantii Pericarpium Decoction and a little child's urine, resulted in the passage of several pieces of black stool, and the bleeding ceased immediately. A man suffered from profuse bleeding from his gum roots filling a basin, occurring once a month, unresponsive to various medicines; knowing he enjoyed drinking alcohol, one dose of the aforementioned formula brought relief. An elderly woman suffered similarly, with episodes lasting five to seven days and daily blood loss exceeding one sheng; the same formula provided relief. All passed black stools, indicating this disease is mostly caused by excessive heat in the Yangming channel. Since the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) are attached to the Yangming channel, and the Yangming channel contains abundant Qi and Blood, attacks surge like tides. In acute situations, treating the branch (symptoms) takes precedence, so employing the "drawing firewood from under the pot" method (clearing heat from the source) yields immediate results. It must be understood that bleeding due to Kidney Deficiency occurs drop by drop, accompanied by dull toothache, and would never be as sudden and severe as described above.