味甘、咸，寒，无毒。主肠胃结热，喘逆，胸中病。令人吐。生邯郸及河东池泽。（漏
芦为之使。）
唐本注云∶大盐，即河东印盐也，人之常食者是，形粗于末盐，故以大别之。臣禹锡等
谨按
萧炳云∶大盐，臣。
图经文具食盐条下。
太平广记∶梁四公子传KT 杰曰∶交河之间平碛中，掘深数尺有末盐，红紫色鲜，味
甘，食之
衍义曰∶大盐，新者不苦，久则咸苦。今解州盐池所出者，皆成斗子，其形大小不等，
久亦
。海水煎成者，但味和。二盐互有得失。入药及金银作，多用大盐及解盐。傍海之人多黑色
，盖日食鱼盐，此走血之验也。齿缝中血出，盐汤嗽之，及接药入肾。北虏以盐淹尸使不腐
味苦、咸，寒，无毒。主大热、消渴、狂烦，除邪及下蛊毒，柔肌肤。去五脏肠胃留
热结气，心下坚，食已呕逆喘满，明目目痛。生河东盐池。
陶隐居云∶是煎盐釜下凝滓。唐本注云∶卤咸既生河东，河东盐不釜煎，明非凝滓。此
是碱
土名卤咸，今人熟皮用之，斯则于碱地掘取之。
图经文具食盐条下。
丹房镜源云∶卤盐纯制四黄，作焊药。
味甘、酸，微温，无毒。主调中，引气宣和，强力通关，开胃止渴，霍乱泄痢，消宿
食。宜作粥，薄暮啜之，解烦去睡，调理腑脏。粟米新熟白花者佳。煎令醋止呕哕，白人肤
体如缯帛。为其常用，故人不齿其功。冰浆至冷，妇人怀妊，不可食之，食谱所忌也。（新
补）
外台秘要∶大妙去黑子方∶夜以暖浆水洗面，以布揩黑子令赤痛，水研白檀香取浓汁以
涂之
旦又复以浆水洗面，仍以鹰粪粉黑子。孙真人食忌∶手指肿方∶煎浆水和少盐，热渍之，冷
即
易。又方∶食生脯腊过多，筋痛闷绝。煮细浆水粥，以少鹰粪末搅和，顿服三、五合。鹞子
粪
亦得。兵部手集∶救人霍乱，颇有神效。浆水稍醋味者，煎干姜屑，呷之。夏月腹肚不调，
煎
呷之瘥。产宝云∶孕妇令易产。酸浆水和水少许，顿服立产。杨氏产乳云∶妊娠不得食浆水
粥，令儿骨瘦不成人。
衍义曰∶浆水，不可同李实饮，令人霍乱吐利。
【大盐】
味道甘、咸，性寒，无毒。主治肠胃积热、气喘逆乱、胸中疾病。能引起呕吐。产于邯郸及河东的池泽。（漏芦作为其引经药。）
《唐本草》注解说：大盐，就是河东的印盐，也就是人们日常食用的盐，形状比末盐粗，所以用“大”来区别它。臣禹锡等人谨按：萧炳说：大盐，属于臣药。
《图经本草》在食盐条目下已有详细记载。
《太平广记·梁四公子传》记载：杰说：交河之间的平沙地中，挖掘数尺深有末盐，颜色红紫鲜艳，味道甘甜，食用它……
《衍义》说：大盐，新出的不苦，时间久了则变得咸苦。现在解州盐池出产的，都结成斗状，形状大小不一，时间久了……海水煎煮而成的，只是味道平和。两种盐各有优劣。入药以及金银制作，多用大盐和解盐。沿海的人多肤色黑，大概是因为每日吃鱼和盐，这是盐走血分的验证。牙齿缝隙出血，用盐水漱口，以及接骨药入肾。北方游牧民族用盐腌制尸体使其不腐烂。
【卤咸】
味道苦、咸，性寒，无毒。主治大热、消渴、狂躁烦闷，祛除邪气及蛊毒，使肌肤柔润。去除五脏肠胃中滞留的热结之气，心下坚硬，进食后呕吐逆乱、气喘胀满，明目及治疗眼痛。产于河东盐池。
陶隐居说：这是煎盐锅底下凝结的渣滓。《唐本草》注解说：卤咸既然产于河东，而河东的盐不是用锅煎制的，显然不是凝滓。这是碱土名为卤咸，现在人熟皮用它，这就从碱地上挖掘取得。
《图经本草》在食盐条目下已有详细记载。
《丹房镜源》说：卤盐纯制四黄，用作焊药。
【浆水】
味道甘、酸，微温，无毒。主治调理中焦，引导气机宣通调和，增强体力通关窍，开胃止渴，霍乱泄痢，消除宿食。适宜用来做粥，傍晚喝它，解除烦闷去除睡意，调理脏腑。粟米新熟且白花者佳。煎煮令醋味以止呕哕，使人皮肤像丝绸一样白。因为它是常用之物，所以人们不常提及它的功效。冰浆极冷，孕妇怀孕时，不可食用它，这是食谱所忌讳的。（新补充）
《外台秘要》：大妙去黑子方：夜晚用暖浆水洗脸，用布擦拭黑痣直到发红疼痛，用水研磨白檀香取浓汁涂抹。早晨再用浆水洗脸，仍用鹰粪粉敷在黑痣上。孙真人《食忌》：手指肿方：煎浆水加少许盐，热敷，冷了即换。又一方：生吃肉干过多，导致筋痛昏厥。煮细浆水粥，用少量鹰粪末搅拌混合，一次性服用三、五合。鹞子粪也可以。兵部手集：救人霍乱，颇有神效。浆水稍带醋味的，煎干姜屑，小口饮用。夏天腹部不适，煎煮饮用可愈。《产宝》说：孕妇服用可使分娩容易。酸浆水加少量水，一次性服用立即生产。杨氏《产乳》说：妊娠期间不得吃浆水粥，会使孩子骨瘦如柴不成形。
《衍义》说：浆水，不可与李实一起饮用，会使人霍乱吐利。
[Da Yan (Large Salt)]
Taste: sweet, salty. Nature: cold. Non-toxic. Mainly treats accumulation of heat in the stomach and intestines, asthma with counterflow qi, and diseases in the chest. Induces vomiting. Grows in Handan and the ponds and marshes of Hedong. (Loulu [Leuzeae Radix] serves as its guiding herb.)
The *Tang Bencao* commentary states: Da Yan is the Yin salt from Hedong, which is the common salt consumed by people. Its texture is coarser than fine salt, hence distinguished by the term "large". Minister Yu Xi et al. respectfully note: Xiao Bing says Da Yan is a minister herb.
The *Tujing* records are detailed under the entry for Shi Yan (Table Salt).
*Taiping Guangji · Liang Si Gongzi Zhuan* records: Jie said: In the flat deserts between Jiaohe, digging several feet deep reveals fine salt, bright red-purple in color, sweet in taste, eating it...
*Yanyi* states: Da Yan, when new, is not bitter; over time it becomes salty and bitter. The salt produced in the Xiezhou salt pool now forms clumps like dou measures, varying in size. Over time... Salt obtained by boiling seawater is merely mild in flavor. The two salts have their respective advantages and disadvantages. For medicinal use and silver/gold crafting, Da Yan and Xie salt are mostly used. People living near the sea often have dark skin, likely due to daily consumption of fish and salt; this is evidence of salt entering the blood level. Bleeding from the gum crevices can be treated by rinsing with salt water, and bone-setting medicines enter the Kidney. Northern nomads use salt to embalm corpses to prevent decay.
[Lu Xian (Alkaline Salty Substance)]
Taste: bitter, salty. Nature: cold. Non-toxic. Mainly treats severe heat, thirst (Xiao Ke), mania and restlessness, expels evil pathogens and gu poison, softens the skin. Removes stagnant heat and qi stagnation in the five zang organs and stomach/intestines, hardness below the heart, postprandial vomiting and counterflow, asthma and fullness, brightens the eyes and treats eye pain. Grows in the Hedong salt pool.
Tao Hongjing says: This is the dregs condensed at the bottom of the salt-boiling cauldron. The *Tang Bencao* commentary states: Since Lu Xian originates from Hedong, and Hedong salt is not boiled in cauldrons, it is clearly not condensed dregs. This refers to alkaline soil named Lu Xian. Nowadays, people use it for tanning leather, which implies it is dug from alkaline ground.
The *Tujing* records are detailed under the entry for Shi Yan (Table Salt).
*Dangan Jingyuan* states: Pure refined Lu Yan is used to process the Four Yellows, serving as soldering flux.
[Jiang Shui (Fermented Grain Water)]
Taste: sweet, sour. Nature: slightly warm. Non-toxic. Mainly regulates the middle jiao, guides qi to promote circulation and harmony, strengthens the body and opens orifices, stimulates appetite and relieves thirst, treats cholera-like disorder with diarrhea/dysentery, and resolves retained food. Suitable for making porridge; drinking it at dusk relieves vexation and drowsiness, regulating the fu organs. Freshly harvested millet with white flowers is best. Boiled until sour to stop vomiting and hiccups, it whitens the skin like silk. Because it is commonly used, people do not often mention its merits. Ice Jiang Shui is extremely cold; pregnant women should not consume it, as prohibited in dietary manuals. (Newly supplemented)
*Waitai Miyao*: Great Wonder Formula for Removing Black Spots: At night, wash the face with warm Jiang Shui, rub the black spots with a cloth until red and painful, grind White Tanxiang [Santalum album Lignum] in water to obtain a thick juice and apply it. In the morning, wash the face again with Jiang Shui, and still apply Yingfen (Eagle excrement powder) to the spots. Sun Simiao's *Shiji*: Formula for Swollen Fingers: Decoct Jiang Shui with a little salt, apply hot compress, change when cool. Another formula: After consuming too much raw cured meat, leading to tendon pain and fainting. Decoct fine Jiang Shui porridge, mix with a small amount of Eagle excrement powder, take once, 3-5 he. Falcon excrement is also acceptable. *Bingbu Shouji*: Saving lives from Cholera-like disorder, showing miraculous efficacy. Jiang Shui with a slight vinegar taste, decocted with Ganjiang [Zingiberis Rhizoma] powder, sipped slowly. In summer, for abdominal discomfort, decocting and sipping cures it. *Chanbao* states: Pregnant women taking it facilitates childbirth. Sour Jiang Shui mixed with a little water, taken once immediately induces labor. Yangshi's *Chanru* states: During pregnancy, one must not eat Jiang Shui porridge, as it causes the child to be emaciated and malformed.
*Yanyi* states: Jiang Shui should not be drunk together with Li fruits (plums), as it causes cholera-like disorder with vomiting and diarrhea.