\r天名精\pd113.bmp\r
味甘，寒，无毒。主瘀血，血瘕欲死，下血，止血，利小便，除小虫，去痹，除胸
中
结热，止烦渴，遂水大吐下。久服轻身，耐老。一名麦句姜，一名蛤蟆蓝，一名豕首，一名
天门精，一名玉门精。一名彘颅，一名蟾蜍兰，一名觐。生平原川泽，五月采。（垣衣为之
使。）
陶隐居云∶此即今人呼为 （音喜） （音 ），亦名 首。夏月捣汁服之，以除热病。
味至苦
，而云甘，恐或非是。唐本注云∶鹿活草是也。《别录》一名天蔓菁，南人名为地菘，味甘
、辛，故有姜称。状如蓝，故名蛤蟆蓝，香气似兰，故名蟾蜍兰。主破血，生肌，止渴，利
小
便，杀三虫，除诸毒肿，疔疮， 痔，金疮内射。身痒，瘾疹不止者，揩之立已，其 苦
而臭，名精乃辛而香，全不相类也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶地菘也。《短剧方》名天
芜
菁，一名天蔓菁，声并相近。夏秋抽条，颇似薄荷，花紫白色，味辛而香，其叶似山南菘菜
。尔雅云∶ ，豕首。释曰∶药名也。一名麦句姜。郭云∶江东 首，可以炒蚕蛹者。三
苍云∶炒，熬也。药性论云∶麦句姜，使，味辛。治疮，止血及鼻衄不止。陈藏器云∶天
名
精，《本经》一名麦句姜。苏云∶鹿活草也。《别录》云∶一名天蔓菁，南人呼为地菘，与
蔓菁相似，故有此名。《尔雅》云∶大鞠，蘧麦。注云∶麦句姜，蘧麦，即今之瞿麦，然终
非麦句姜，《尔雅》注错如此。陶公注钓樟条云∶有一草，似野狼牙，气辛臭，名为地菘，人
呼为刘烬草，主金疮，言刘烬昔曾用之。《异苑》云∶青州刘烬，宋元嘉中，射一獐，剖五
脏，以此草塞之，蹶然而起。烬怪而拔草，便倒，如此三度。烬密录此草种之，主折伤多愈
，因以名焉。既有活鹿之名，雅与獐事相会。陶、苏两说俱是地菘，功状既同，定非二物。
图经曰∶天名精，生平原川泽，今江湖间皆有之。夏秋抽条，颇如薄荷，花紫白色，叶
如菘
菜
而小，故南人谓之地菘。香气似兰，故名蟾 兰。状如蓝，故名蛤蟆蓝。其味甘、辛，故名
麦句姜，一名豕首。《尔雅》所谓 （音列） （音真），豕首是也。江东人用此以炒（音炒）
蚕
蛹。五月采此草。既名地菘，下品又有地菘条。
味甘，性寒，无毒。主治瘀血、血瘕（腹内结块）濒于死亡之症，下血，止血，通利小便，驱除肠道小虫，去除痹证，清除胸中郁热，止烦渴，能促使饮水后大量呕吐和泻下。长期服用可身体轻健，延缓衰老。又名麦句姜，又名蛤蟆蓝，又名豕首，又名天门精，又名玉门精。又名彘颅，又名蟾蜍兰，又名觐。生长于平原沼泽地带，五月采集。（垣衣为其引经药。）
陶隐居说：这就是现在人称为（音喜）（音某）的植物，也叫做首。夏季捣取汁液服用，用以清除热病。味道极苦，却说味甜，恐怕不对。《唐本草》注解说：就是鹿活草。《名医别录》称一名天蔓菁，南方人叫它地菘，味甘甜、辛，所以有“姜”的称呼。形状像蓝草，所以名叫蛤蟆蓝，香气像兰花，所以名叫蟾蜍兰。主治破血，生肌，止渴，利小便，杀三虫，消除各种毒肿，疔疮，痔疮，金疮（金属利器造成的创伤）内射。身体瘙痒，瘾疹（荨麻疹类皮肤病）不止的，擦拭它立刻痊愈，其味苦而臭，名精则味辛而香，完全不相类似。臣禹锡等人谨按蜀本图经说：就是地菘。《短剧方》名叫天芜菁，一名天蔓菁，读音相近。夏秋季节抽条，很像薄荷，花紫白色，味辛而香，叶子像山南地区的菘菜。《尔雅》说：，豕首。解释说：是药名。一名麦句姜。郭璞说：江东地区的，可以炒蚕蛹。三苍说：炒，就是熬的意思。《药性论》说：麦句姜，作为使药，味辛。治疗疮疡，止血及鼻衄不止。陈藏器说：天名精，《本经》一名麦句姜。苏恭说：是鹿活草。《别录》说：一名天蔓菁，南方人呼为地菘，与蔓菁相似，所以有此名。《尔雅》说：大鞠，蘧麦。注解说：麦句姜，蘧麦，就是现在的瞿麦，然而终究不是麦句姜，《尔雅》的注解错误如此。陶弘景在钓樟条目的注释中说：有一种草，像野狼牙，气味辛臭，名叫地菘，人们叫它刘烬草，主治金疮，说刘烬曾经用过它。《异苑》说：青州刘烬，在宋元嘉年间，射中一头獐子，剖开五脏，用这种草塞住，獐子突然跳起。刘烬奇怪地拔出草，獐子又倒下，这样三次。刘烬秘密记录并种植这种草，主治折伤大多痊愈，因此以此命名。既然有活鹿的名字，恰好与獐子的事情相吻合。陶弘景、苏恭两人的说法都是地菘，功效状态既然相同，确定不是两种东西。《图经》说：天名精，生长在平原沼泽，现在江湖地区都有。夏秋季节抽条，很像薄荷，花紫白色，叶子像菘菜但较小，所以南方人叫它地菘。香气像兰花，所以名叫蟾蜍兰。形状像蓝草，所以名叫蛤蟆蓝。其味甘甜、辛，所以名叫麦句姜，一名豕首。《尔雅》所说的（音列）（音真），豕首就是它。江东人用它来炒蚕蛹。五月采集这种草。既然名叫地菘，下品中又有地菘条目。
Tianmingjing (Buddlejae Flos / Scrophulariae Radix - *Note: Historical identification varies, here translated as Tianmingjing*)
Taste is sweet, nature is cold, non-toxic. It primarily treats blood stasis, Xuejia (abdominal masses) in critical condition, lower bleeding, stops bleeding, promotes urination, eliminates small intestinal parasites, removes Bi syndrome (obstruction causing pain/numbness), clears heat accumulation in the chest, relieves thirst and irritability, and induces copious vomiting and purging after drinking water. Long-term use makes the body light and delays aging. Also known as Maijujiang, also known as Hamalan, also known as Shishou, also known as Tianmenjing, also known as Yumenjing. Also known as Zhilu, also known as Chanlulan, also known as Jin. Grows in plains and marshes; harvested in May. (Yuanyi [Moss on walls] serves as its guiding herb.)
Tao Hongjing states: This is what people now call Xi (*phonetic*) Mou (*phonetic*), also called Shou. In summer, the juice is extracted by crushing and taken orally to eliminate febrile diseases. The taste is extremely bitter, yet it is described as sweet, which is likely incorrect. The *Tang Bencao* commentary notes: It is Luhuocao (Deer Revival Herb). The *Mingyi Bie Lu* calls it one name Tiemanjing; southerners call it Disong. Its taste is sweet and pungent, hence the reference to "Jiang" (Ginger). Its shape resembles Lancao (Isatis leaf/plant), hence the name Hamalan; its fragrance resembles orchids, hence the name Chanlulan. It primarily breaks blood, generates flesh, stops thirst, promotes urination, kills three types of parasites, eliminates various toxic swellings, Dingchuang (carbuncles/furuncles), hemorrhoids, and internal penetration from Jinchuang (metal weapon wounds). For body itching and persistent Yin Zhen (urticaria/rash), rubbing it brings immediate relief. Its taste is bitter and foul, whereas Tianmingjing is pungent and fragrant; they are completely dissimilar. Ministers Yu Xi et al. respectfully note according to the Shu Ben Tu Jing: It is Disong. The *Duan Ju Fang* names it Tianwujing, one name Tiemanjing, with similar pronunciation. In summer and autumn, it sends up stalks, resembling Mint quite closely; flowers are purple-white; taste is pungent and fragrant; leaves resemble Songcai (Chinese cabbage) from southern Shanxi. The *Erya* says: , Shishou. The explanation states: It is a medicinal name. One name is Maijujiang. Guo Pu says: In Jiangdong, can be used to stir-fry silkworm pupae. The *Sangcang* says: Stir-fry means to roast. The *Yaoxing Lun* states: Maijujiang, used as an assistant drug, taste is pungent. Treats sores, stops bleeding, and continuous epistaxis. Chen Cangqi states: Tianmingjing, the *Ben Jing* lists one name as Maijujiang. Su Gong says: It is Luhuocao. The *Bie Lu* says: One name Tiemanjing, southerners call it Disong, similar to Manjing (Turnip), hence this name. The *Erya* says: Daju, Qumai. The annotation states: Maijujiang, Qumai, is currently Qumai (Dianthus superbus), but ultimately it is not Maijujiang; the *Erya* annotation is erroneous thus. Tao Gong's annotation on the Diaozhang entry states: There is a herb resembling Yelangya (Wild Wolf's Tooth), with a pungent and foul odor, named Disong, people call it Liujin Cao, primarily treating Jinchuang, stating that Liu Jin once used it. The *Yi Yuan* states: Liu Jin of Qingzhou, during the Yuanjia era of Song, shot a muntjac deer, dissected its five viscera, and stuffed them with this herb; the deer suddenly rose. Liu Jin, surprised, pulled out the herb, and the deer fell again, occurring three times. Liu Jin secretly recorded and cultivated this herb; it primarily treats fractures and injuries with many recoveries, hence named after him. Since it has the name "Reviving Deer," it coincidentally aligns with the story of the muntjac. Both Tao and Su identify it as Disong; since their functions and characteristics are identical, it is definitely not two different substances. The *Tu Jing* states: Tianmingjing grows in plains and marshes; it is now found throughout the Jianghu region. In summer and autumn, it sends up stalks, resembling Mint; flowers are purple-white; leaves are like Songcai but smaller, hence southerners call it Disong. Fragrance resembles orchids, hence named Chanlulan. Shape resembles Lancao, hence named Hamalan. Its taste is sweet and pungent, hence named Maijujiang, one name Shishou. What the *Erya* refers to as Lie Zhen, Shishou is it. People in Jiangdong use it to stir-fry Can Yong (silkworm pupae). This herb is harvested in May. Since it is named Disong, there is another entry for Disong in the Lower Grade materia medica.