\r曾青\pd13.bmp\r
味酸，小寒，无毒。主目痛，止泪出，风痹，利关节，通九窍，破症坚积聚，养肝胆
，除寒热，杀白虫，疗头风、脑中寒，止烦渴，补不足，盛阴气，久服轻身不老。能化金、
铜。生蜀中山谷及越 。采无时。（畏菟丝子。）
陶隐居云∶此说与空青同山，疗体亦相似。今铜官更无曾青，唯出始兴。形累累如黄连
相缀
，色理小类空青，甚难得而贵。《仙经》少用之。化金之法，事同空青。唐本注云∶曾青出
蔚州、鄂州，蔚州者好，其次鄂州，余州并不任用。
图经文具空青条下。
雷公云∶凡使，勿用夹石及铜青，若修事一两，要紫背天葵、甘草、青芝草三件，干、
湿各一
镒，并细锉，放于一瓷埚内，将曾青于中。以东流水二镒并诸药等，缓缓煮之，五昼夜，勿
令水火失时，足取出，以东流水浴过，却入乳钵中，研如粉用。丹房镜源∶曾青结汞制丹砂
，金气之所生。宝藏论∶曾青若住火成膏者，可立制汞成银，转得八石。清霞子∶爽神气。
\r禹余粮\pd14.bmp\r
味甘，寒、平，无毒。主咳逆，寒热，烦满，下赤白，血闭，症瘕，大热，疗小腹
痛结烦疼。炼饵服之，不饥、轻身、延年。一名白余粮。生东海池泽及山岛中，或池泽中。
陶隐居云∶今多出东阳，形如鹅鸭卵，外有壳重叠，中有黄细末如蒲黄，无砂者为佳。
近年
茅山凿地大得之，极精好，乃有紫华靡靡。《仙经》服食用之，南人又呼平泽中有一种藤，
叶如菝 ，根作块有节，似菝 而色赤，根形似薯蓣，谓为禹余粮。言昔禹行山乏食，采此
以充粮，而弃其余，此云白余粮也。生池泽复有仿佛。或疑今石者，即是太一也。张华云
∶地多蓼者，必有余粮，今庐江间便是也。适有人于铜官采空青于石坎，大得黄赤色石，极
似今之余粮，而色过赤好，疑此是太一也。彼人呼为雌黄，试涂物，正如雄黄色尔。唐本注
云∶陶云黄赤色石，疑是太一。既无壳裹，未是余粮，疑谓太一，殊非的称。臣禹锡等谨按
药性论云∶禹余粮，君，味咸。主治崩中。萧炳云∶牡丹为使。日华子云∶治邪气及骨节疼
，四肢不仁，痔 等疾。久服耐寒暑。又名太一余粮。
图经曰∶禹余粮，生东海池泽及山岛中、或池泽中，今唯泽、潞州有之。旧说形如鹅鸭
卵，
有壳重叠，中有黄，细末如蒲黄。今图上者，全是山石之形，都不作卵状，与旧说小异。采
无时。《本经》又有太一余粮。谨按陶隐居《登真隐诀》载长生四镇丸云∶太一禹余粮
定六腑，镇五脏。注云∶按本草有太一余粮、禹余粮两种。治体犹同。而今世唯有禹余粮
不复识太一。此方所用，遂合其二名，莫辨何者的是。而后小镇直云∶禹余粮，盒饭用之耳
。余粮多出东阳山岸间，茅山甚有，好者状如牛黄，重重甲错，其佳处乃紫色，泯泯如面，
啮之无复碜。虽然用之，宜细研，以水洮取汁澄之，勿令有沙土也。而苏恭亦云∶太一余
与禹余粮本一物，而以精粗为别，故一名太一禹余粮，其壳若瓷，初在壳中，未凝结者，犹
是黄水，久凝乃有数色，或青、或白，或赤、或黄，年多渐变紫色，自赤及紫，俱名太一，
其诸色通谓之余粮也。今医家但用余粮，亦不能如此细分别耳。张仲景治伤寒下痢不止，心
下痞 ，利在下焦者，赤石脂禹余粮汤主之。赤石脂、禹余粮各一斤，并碎之，以水六升，
煮取二升，去滓，分再服。又按张华《博物志》曰∶扶海洲上，有草焉，名曰筛草，其实食
之，如大麦，从七月稔熟，民敛至冬乃讫，名自然谷，亦曰禹余粮。今药中有禹余粮者，世
传昔禹治水，弃其所余食于江中，而为药也。然则，筛草与此异物而同名也。其云弃之江中
而为药，乃与生海池泽者同种乎？
经验方∶治产后烦躁。禹余粮一枚，状如酸KT 者，入地埋一半，四面紧筑，用炭一
秤，发顶
一斤 ，去火三分耗二为度，用湿砂土罨一宿方取，打去外面一重，只使里内细研水淘澄五
、七度，将纸衬干，再研数千遍。患者用甘草煎汤调二钱匕，只一服立效。胜金方∶治妇人
带下
。白下∶即禹余粮一两，干姜等分。赤下∶禹余粮一两，干姜半两，上件禹余粮用醋淬，捣
研细为末，空心温酒调下二钱匕。别说云∶谨案∶越州会稽山中，见出一种甚良。彼人云∶
昔大禹会稽于此地余粮者。本为此尔。
曾青
味酸，性小寒，无毒。主治目痛，止泪出，风痹，利关节，通九窍，破症坚积聚，养肝胆，除寒热，杀白虫，疗头风、脑中寒，止烦渴，补不足，盛阴气，久服轻身不老。能化金、铜。生于蜀中山谷及越地。采挖无固定时间。（畏菟丝子。）
陶隐居说：这种说法与空青（一种矿物药）同山出产，疗效也相似。如今铜官已无曾青产出，只有始兴有。形状累累相连如黄连相缀，色泽纹理略似空青，非常难得且昂贵。《仙经》中少用之。化金的方法，与空青相同。唐本注说：曾青产于蔚州、鄂州，蔚州的品质好，其次为鄂州，其他州产的不适用。
图经在空青条下已有详细记载。
雷公说：凡使用曾青，不要选用夹杂石头的及铜青。若修治一两，需用紫背天葵、甘草、青芝草三味药，干品和湿品各一镒，都细切，放入一个瓷埚内，将曾青置于其中。加入东流水二镒及诸药等量，缓缓煮之，五昼夜，不要让水火失时，足取出后，用东流水冲洗过，再放入乳钵中，研成粉末使用。丹房镜源说：曾青结汞制丹砂，是金气所生。宝藏论说：曾青若住火成膏者，可立即制汞成银，转得八石。清霞子说：能爽神气。
禹余粮
味甘，性寒、平，无毒。主治咳逆，寒热，烦满，下赤白，血闭，症瘕，大热，疗小腹痛结烦疼。炼饵服之，不饥、轻身、延年。一名白余粮。生于东海池泽及山岛中，或池泽中。
陶隐居说：如今多产于东阳，形状如鹅鸭卵，外有壳重叠，中有黄细末如蒲黄，无砂者为佳。近年茅山凿地大得之，极精好，乃有紫华靡靡。《仙经》服食用之，南人又呼平泽中有一种藤，叶如菝葜，根作块有节，似菝葜而色赤，根形似薯蓣，谓为禹余粮。言昔禹行山乏食，采此以充粮，而弃其余，此云白余粮也。生池泽复有仿佛。或疑今石者，即是太一也。张华云：地多蓼者，必有余粮，今庐江间便是也。适有人于铜官采空青于石坎，大得黄赤色石，极似今之余粮，而色过赤好，疑此是太一也。彼人呼为雌黄，试涂物，正如雄黄色尔。唐本注说：陶隐居说黄赤色石，疑是太一。既无壳裹，未是余粮，疑谓太一，殊非的称。臣禹锡等谨按药性论说：禹余粮，君，味咸。主治崩中。萧炳说：牡丹为使。日华子说：治邪气及骨节疼，四肢不仁，痔疾等疾。久服耐寒暑。又名太一余粮。
图经说：禹余粮，生东海池泽及山岛中、或池泽中，今唯泽、潞州有之。旧说形如鹅鸭卵，有壳重叠，中有黄，细末如蒲黄。今图上者，全是山石之形，都不作卵状，与旧说小异。采无时。《本经》又有太一余粮。谨按陶隐居《登真隐诀》载长生四镇丸说：太一禹余粮定六腑，镇五脏。注说：按本草有太一余粮、禹余粮两种。治体犹同。而今世唯有禹余粮不复识太一。此方所用，遂合其二名，莫辨何者的是。而后小镇直说：禹余粮，盒饭用之耳。余粮多出东阳山岸间，茅山甚有，好者状如牛黄，重重甲错，其佳处乃紫色，泯泯如面，啮之无复碜。虽然用之，宜细研，以水洮取汁澄之，勿令有沙土也。而苏恭亦说：太一余与禹余粮本一物，而以精粗为别，故一名太一禹余粮，其壳若瓷，初在壳中，未凝结者，犹是黄水，久凝乃有数色，或青、或白、或赤、或黄，年多渐变紫色，自赤及紫，俱名太一，其诸色通谓之余粮也。今医家但用余粮，亦不能如此细分别耳。张仲景治伤寒下痢不止，心下痞，利在下焦者，赤石脂禹余粮汤主之。赤石脂、禹余粮各一斤，并碎之，以水六升，煮取二升，去滓，分再服。又按张华《博物志》说：扶海洲上，有草焉，名曰筛草，其实食之，如大麦，从七月稔熟，民敛至冬乃讫，名自然谷，亦曰禹余粮。今药中有禹余粮者，世传昔禹治水，弃其所余食于江中，而为药也。然则，筛草与此异物而同名也。其云弃之江中而为药，乃与生海池泽者同种乎？
经验方：治产后烦躁。禹余粮一枚，状如酸酪者，入地埋一半，四面紧筑，用炭一秤，发顶一斤，去火三分耗二为度，用湿砂土罨一宿方取，打去外面一重，只使里内细研水淘澄五、七度，将纸衬干，再研数千遍。患者用甘草煎汤调二钱匕，只一服立效。胜金方：治妇人带下。白下：即禹余粮一两，干姜等分。赤下：禹余粮一两，干姜半两，上件禹余粮用醋淬，捣研细为末，空心温酒调下二钱匕。别说说：谨案：越州会稽山中，见出一种甚良。彼人说：昔大禹会稽于此地余粮者。本为此尔。
Cengqing (Azurite)
Taste: Sour. Nature: Slightly cold. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Ocular pain, cessation of tearing, wind-bi syndrome, benefit to joints, unblocking the nine orifices, breaking up hard masses and accumulations, nourishing the liver and gallbladder, eliminating alternating chills and fever, killing white parasites, treating cephalalgia due to wind and cold in the brain, stopping irritability and thirst, tonifying deficiencies, strengthening Yin qi. Long-term use leads to a light body and anti-aging. It can transform gold and copper. Grows in the mountains and valleys of Shu and Yue. Harvested at any time. (Averse to Dodder seed / Tusizi.)
Tao Hongjing stated: This description is similar to Kongqing (Chrysocolla) in origin and therapeutic effects. Currently, Cengqing is no longer produced in Tongguan, but only in Shixing. Its shape resembles linked Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian), with color and texture slightly resembling Kongqing. It is very rare and expensive. It is rarely used in "The Immortal's Classic". The method for transforming gold is the same as for Kongqing. Tang Ben Zhu noted: Cengqing is produced in Weizhou and Ezhou. The Weizhou variety is superior, followed by Ezhou; those from other regions are not suitable for use. Detailed descriptions are provided under the entry for Kongqing in Tu Jing.
Lei Gong stated: When using Cengqing, do not use stones mixed with it or Tongqing (Malachite). If processing one tael, use three ingredients: Zi Bei Tian Kui (Ophiopogon japonicus var. bulbifer), Gancao (Licorice root), and Qing Zhi Cao (Pseudolarix kaempferi leaf?). Use one yi of dried and one yi of fresh herbs. Finely chop them and place them in a porcelain crucible along with the Cengqing. Add two yi of flowing water from the east and the other herbs. Simmer slowly for five days and nights, ensuring the fire and water are regulated properly. Remove it when ready, wash it with flowing eastern water, then grind it into powder using a mortar. Dan Fang Jing Yuan stated: Cengqing forms mercury and cinnabar, generated by the Qi of Metal. Bao Zang Lun stated: If Cengqing is calcined into a paste, it can immediately transform mercury into silver, yielding eight stones. Qing Xia Zi stated: It refreshes the spirit and Qi.
Yuyuliang (Limonitum)
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Cold, Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Hiccups, alternating chills and fever, irritability and fullness, dysentery with red and white discharge, blood obstruction, hard masses, high fever, and painful constriction in the lower abdomen. Taken after refining and pill-forming, it suppresses hunger, lightens the body, and prolongs life. Also known as Bai Yuliang. Grows in the pools, marshes, and islands of the East Sea.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is mostly produced in Dongyang now. Its shape resembles goose or duck eggs, with overlapping outer shells. Inside, there is fine yellow powder resembling Catkins of Cattail (Puhuang). Those without sand grains are preferred. Recently, large quantities of excellent quality were found by digging in Maoshan, featuring purple luster. It is used in dietary therapy according to "The Immortal's Classic". People in the south also refer to a vine growing in flat marshes, with leaves like Smilax (Baqia), tuberous roots with nodes, resembling Smilax but reddish, and root shape resembling Dioscorea (Shuyu), calling it Yuyuliang. They say that when Yu the Great traveled through the mountains and lacked food, he gathered this to supplement his rations and discarded the rest, hence called Bai Yuliang. Plants growing in marshes resemble this. Some suspect that the stone currently used is actually Taiyi Yuliang. Zhang Hua said: Where there are many Polygonum species, there must be Yuliang; this is seen in Lujiang. Recently, someone mining Kongqing in stone pits at Tongguan found large amounts of yellow-red stones, very similar to current Yuliang but redder and better. They suspected this was Taiyi. Locals called it Realgar (Xionghuang); testing it on objects showed it looked exactly like Orpiment (Xionghuang). Tang Ben Zhu noted: Tao mentioned yellow-red stones, suspecting they were Taiyi. Since they lack shells, they are not true Yuliang. Suspecting them to be Taiyi is not accurate. Chen Yuxi et al. carefully reviewed Xing Yao Lun stating: Yuliang is the Sovereign herb, salty in taste. Mainly treats metrorrhagia. Xiao Bing stated: Peony root is its assistant. Ri Hua Zi stated: Treats pathogenic Qi, joint pain, numbness of limbs, and hemorrhoids. Long-term use protects against cold and heat. Also named Taiyi Yuliang.
Tu Jing stated: Yuliang grows in pools, marshes, and islands of the East Sea, or in marshes. Currently, it is only found in Zezhou and Luzhou. Old descriptions say it resembles goose or duck eggs with overlapping shells containing yellow fine powder like Puhuang. The illustrations in the current book show mountain stones, not egg-shaped, differing slightly from old descriptions. Harvested at any time. The Ben Jing also mentions Taiyi Yuliang. Carefully reviewing Tao Hongjing's Deng Zhen Yin Jue, which records Changsheng Sizhen Wan, states: Taiyi Yuliang stabilizes the six fu organs and anchors the five zang organs. The note says: According to Ben Cao, there are two types: Taiyi Yuliang and Yuliang. Their therapeutic properties are similar. However, in modern times, only Yuliang is recognized, and Taiyi is unknown. The formula uses both names, making it unclear which is authentic. Later, small pills simply state: Yuliang should be used. Yuliang is mostly produced on the banks of mountains in Dongyang and is abundant in Maoshan. The good ones resemble Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis), with layered scales. The best parts are purple, soft like flour, and chewy without grit. Although used, it should be finely ground, washed with water to extract the juice, and clarified to avoid sand and soil. Su Gong also stated: Taiyi Yuliang and Yuliang are originally the same substance, distinguished by refinement. Hence, one name is Taiyi Yuliang. Its shell is like porcelain. Initially inside the shell, before coagulation, it is yellow liquid. After long coagulation, it has several colors: green, white, red, or yellow. Over years, it gradually turns purple. Both red and purple are named Taiyi, while all colors are collectively called Yuliang. Modern physicians only use Yuliang and cannot distinguish these details. Zhang Zhongjing treated persistent diarrhea due to Shanghan with epigastric fullness and lower jiao involvement using Chishi Zhi Yuliang Tang. Chishi Zhi (Halloysitum Rubrum) and Yuliang, each one jin, crushed, boiled in six sheng of water to obtain two sheng, strained, and taken in two doses. Additionally, according to Zhang Hua's Bowuzhi: On Fuhai Island, there is a grass called Shaicao. Its fruit is edible, resembling barley, ripening from July until winter harvest. It is called Natural Grain, also Yuliang. In medicine, Yuliang is said to come from Yu the Great discarding leftover food in the river during flood control. Thus, Shaicao and this mineral are different things with the same name. Is the claim that it became medicine from being discarded in the river consistent with it growing in sea pools and marshes?
Empirical Formula: Treats postpartum irritability. One piece of Yuliang, shaped like a sour date. Bury half of it in the ground, compacting the soil around it tightly. Use one picul of charcoal and one jin of hair from the top of the head. Burn until two-thirds of the charcoal is consumed. Cover with wet sandy soil overnight before retrieving. Remove the outer layer, use only the inner part, grind finely, wash and clarify five to seven times with water. Dry on paper, then grind thousands of times. The patient takes two qianbi mixed with licorice decoction. One dose brings immediate effect. Shengjin Fang: Treats leukorrhea in women. For white discharge: Yuliang one liang, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) equal amount. For red discharge: Yuliang one liang, Ganjiang half liang. Quench the Yuliang in vinegar, grind into fine powder. Take two qianbi with warm wine on an empty stomach. Bieshuo stated: Careful investigation reveals a very good variety in Kuaiji Mountain, Yuezhou. Locals say it is because Yu the Great held a meeting in Kuaiji and left grain there. This is the origin.