\r木香\pd84.bmp\r
味辛，温，无毒。主邪气，辟毒疫温鬼，强志，主淋露，疗气劣，肌中偏寒，主气不
足，消毒，杀鬼精物，温疟蛊毒，行药之精。久服不梦寤魇寐，轻身致神仙。一名蜜香。生
永昌山谷。
陶隐居云∶此即青木香也。永昌不复贡，今皆从外国舶（音白）上来，乃云大秦国。以
疗毒肿
，消恶气，有验。今皆用合香，不入药用。唯制蛀虫丸用之，常能煮以沐浴，大佳尔。唐本
注云∶此有二种，当以昆仑来者为佳，出西胡来者不善。叶似羊蹄而长大。花如菊花，其实
黄
黑，所在亦有之。今按别本注云∶叶似薯蓣而根大，花紫色，功效极多，为药之要用。陶
云∶
不入药用，非也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶今苑中种之，花黄，苗高三、四尺，叶长八、
九寸
，皱软而有毛。药性论云∶木香，君。治女人血气，刺心心痛不可忍，末，酒服之，治九种
心痛，积年冷气， 癖症块胀痛，逐诸壅气上冲，烦闷，治霍乱吐泻，心腹 刺。隋书云∶
樊
子盖为武威太守。车驾西巡，将入吐谷浑，子盖以彼多瘴气，献青木香以御雾露。南州异物
志云∶青木香，出天竺，是草根，状如甘草。萧炳云∶青木香功用与此同。又云∶昆仑船上
来，形如枯骨者良。日华子云∶治心腹一切气，止泻，霍乱，痢疾，安胎，健脾消食，疗羸
劣，膀胱冷痛，呕逆反胃。
图经曰∶木香，生永昌山谷，今唯广州舶上有来者，他无所出。陶隐居云∶即青木香也。
根
窠
大类茄子，叶似羊蹄而长大，花如菊，实黄黑，亦有叶如山芋而开紫花者，不拘时月采根芽
为药。以其形如枯骨者良。江淮间亦有此种，名土青木香，不堪入药用。伪蜀王昶苑中亦尝
种之，云苗高三、四尺，叶长八、九寸，皱软而有毛，开黄花，恐亦是土木香种也。《续传
信方》着张仲景青木香丸，主阳衰诸不足，用昆仑青木香，六路诃子皮二十两，筛末，沙糖
和之。驸马都尉郑某（忘其名），去沙糖，加羚羊角十二两，白蜜丸如梧子，空腹酒下三十
丸
，日再，其效甚速。然用药不类古方，而云仲景者，不知何从而得之邪。按《修养书》云
∶正
月一日取五木煮汤以浴，令人至老须发黑。徐锴注云∶道家谓青木香为五香，亦云五木。道
家多以此浴，当是其义也。又∶古方主痈疽五香汤中，亦使青木香，青木香名为五香，信然
矣。
海药谨按《山海经》云∶生东海昆仑山。雷公云∶凡使，其香是芦蔓根条，左盘旋。采
得
二十
九日，方硬如朽骨硬碎。其有芦头丁盖子色青者，是木香神也。外台秘要∶治狐臭，若股内
阴
下恒湿臭，或作疮。青木香，好醋浸，致腋下夹之，即愈。伤寒类要∶天行热病，若发赤黑
斑
如KT 。青木香二两，水二升，煮取一升，顿服之效。孙尚药∶治丈夫、妇人、小儿痢。
木香
一
块，方圆一寸，黄连半两，上件二味用水半升同煎干，去黄连，只薄切木香焙干为末。三服
∶第一橘皮汤，第二陈米饮，第三甘草汤调下。此方李景纯传。有一妇人久患痢将死，梦中
观音授此方，服之遂愈。别说云∶谨按木香，今皆从外国来，即青木香也，陶说为得，本
在
草部。而《图经》所载广州一种，乃是木类。又载滁州、海州者，乃马兜铃根，此山乡俗名
尔。治疗冷热，殊不相似。此三种，自当入一外类别名尔。
衍义曰∶木香，专泄决胸腹间滞塞冷气，他则次之。得橘皮、肉豆蔻、生姜相佐使绝佳，
效
尤
速。又一种，尝自岷州出塞，得生青木香，持归西洛。叶如牛蒡，但狭长，茎高三、四尺，
花黄，一如金钱，其根则青木香也。生嚼之，极辛香，尤行气。
味辛，性温，无毒。主治邪气，辟除毒疫、温病及鬼魅之邪，增强意志，主治淋证露精，治疗气虚衰弱，肌肉中偏寒的症状，主治气不足，具有消毒作用，能杀灭鬼精物，治疗温疟和蛊毒，通行药物的精华。长期服用可不做噩梦、不魇寐，使身体轻便，达到成仙的效果。又名蜜香。产于永昌山谷。
陶隐居说：这就是青木香。永昌不再进贡，现在都从外国海船（音白）上来，说是来自大秦国。用来治疗毒肿，消除恶气，有疗效。现在都用来合香，不入药用。只有制作防蛀虫丸时使用它，经常煮水沐浴，效果非常好。唐本注说：这有两种，以昆仑来的为佳品，出西胡来的不好。叶子像羊蹄草但更大更长。花像菊花，果实黄黑色，各地也有。现在按别本注说：叶子像薯蓣但根大，花紫色，功效极多，是药用的重要材料。陶隐居说：不入药用，是不对的。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本说：现在苑中种植，花黄色，苗高三四尺，叶长八九寸，皱软而有毛。《药性论》说：木香，为君药。治疗妇女血气病，刺痛心痛不可忍受，研末，酒服，治疗九种心痛，积年冷气，癖症块胀痛，驱逐各种壅滞之气上冲，烦闷，治疗霍乱吐泻，心腹刺痛。《隋书》说：樊子盖任武威太守。皇帝车驾西巡，将进入吐谷浑，樊子盖因为那里多瘴气，献青木香以抵御雾露。《南州异物志》说：青木香，出自天竺，是草根，形状像甘草。萧炳说：青木香功用与此相同。又说：昆仑船上来，形状像枯骨的良。日华子说：治疗心腹一切气，止泻，霍乱，痢疾，安胎，健脾消食，治疗羸弱劣瘦，膀胱冷痛，呕逆反胃。
《图经》说：木香，生于永昌山谷，现在只有广州海船上有来的，其他地方没有出产。陶隐居说：就是青木香。根部类似茄子，叶子像羊蹄草但更大更长，花像菊，果实黄黑，也有叶子像山芋而开紫花的，不拘时节采根芽入药。以形状像枯骨的为良。江淮间也有这种，名叫土青木香，不堪入药用。伪蜀王昶苑中也曾种植，说苗高三四尺，叶长八九寸，皱软而有毛，开黄花，恐怕也是土木香的品种。《续传信方》记载张仲景的青木香丸，主治阳衰诸不足，用昆仑青木香，六路诃子皮二十两，筛成粉末，沙糖调和。驸马都尉郑某（忘记名字），去掉沙糖，加羚羊角十二两，白蜜做成梧桐子大小的丸，空腹酒送下三十丸，每日两次，效果很快。然而用药不像古方，却说是张仲景的，不知从何而来。按《修养书》说：正月一日取五木煮汤洗澡，让人到老须发黑。徐锴注说：道家称青木香为五香，也称五木。道家多用此洗澡，应当是这个意思。又：古方主治痈疽的五香汤中，也用青木香，青木香名为五香，确实如此。
海药谨按《山海经》说：生于东海昆仑山。雷公说：凡使用，其香是芦蔓根条，左盘旋。采集得二十九日，才硬如朽骨碎断。其中有芦头丁盖子色青的，是木神。《外台秘要》：治疗狐臭，如果大腿内侧阴下恒湿臭，或生疮。青木香，好醋浸泡，置于腋下夹住，即愈。《伤寒类要》：天行热病，如果发赤黑斑如KT。青木香二两，水二升，煮取一升，顿服有效。孙尚药：治疗男子、妇人、小儿痢疾。木香一块，方圆一寸，黄连半两，以上两味用水半升同煎干，去黄连，只薄切木香焙干为末。三服：第一橘皮汤，第二陈米饮，第三甘草汤调下。此方李景纯传。有一妇人久患痢疾将死，梦中观音传授此方，服之遂愈。别说云：谨按木香，现在都从外国来，就是青木香，陶说的对，本来在草部。而《图经》所载广州一种，乃是木类。又载滁州、海州的，乃是马兜铃根，这是山乡俗名罢了。治疗冷热，殊不相似。这三种，自然应当归入一个外类别名下。
《衍义》说：木香，专门泄决胸腹间滞塞冷气，其他则次要。得到橘皮、肉豆蔻、生姜相佐使绝佳，效果尤其快。又一种，曾经从岷州出塞，得到生青木香，带回西洛。叶子像牛蒡，但狭长，茎高三四尺，花黄，一如金钱，其根则是青木香。生嚼之，极辛香，尤其行气。
Mu Xiang (Costus Root)
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. Primarily treats pathogenic factors, repels toxic epidemics, warm diseases, and ghostly evils; strengthens the will; treats enuresis and seminal emission; remedies qi deficiency and weakness; addresses coldness in the muscles; treats insufficiency of qi; eliminates toxins; kills ghostly essences and objects; treats warm malaria and gu poison; facilitates the essence of medicines. Long-term consumption prevents nightmares and sleep paralysis, lightens the body, and leads to immortality. Also known as Mi Xiang (Honey Fragrance). Grows in the valleys of Yongchang.
Tao Hongjing states: This is Qing Mu Xiang (Indonesian Costus Root). Yongchang no longer offers tribute; now it all comes via foreign ships (pronounced 'bai'), said to be from Da Qin (Rome). It is effective for treating toxic swellings and dissipating evil qi. Currently, it is used primarily for incense blending and not for medicinal use. It is only used in making vermifuge pills. Boiling it for bathing is highly beneficial. The *Bencao Shu Yi* (Supplement to Compendium of Materia Medica) notes: There are two types; those coming from Kunlun are superior, while those from Western Hu are inferior. Leaves resemble *Rumex* (Sheep's Sorrel) but are larger and longer. Flowers resemble chrysanthemums; fruits are yellow-black. They are also found elsewhere. According to another commentary: Leaves resemble *Dioscorea* (Yam) but the root is large; flowers are purple; efficacy is extensive, making it a crucial medicinal material. Tao's statement that it is not used medicinally is incorrect.臣 Yuxi et al., according to the Shu edition: Now cultivated in imperial gardens, flowers are yellow, seedlings are three to four chi high, leaves are eight to nine cun long, wrinkled, soft, and hairy. *Yaoxing Lun* (Discussion on Medicinal Properties) states: Mu Xiang is the Sovereign herb. Treats women's blood and qi disorders, unbearable stabbing heart pain; powdered and taken with wine, it treats nine types of heart pain, chronic cold qi, phlegm-rheum masses causing distension and pain, drives upward rushing stagnant qi, irritability, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, and stabbing abdominal pain. *Book of Sui* records: Fan Zigai, Prefect of Wuwei, when the Imperial Carriage toured west towards Tuyuhun, knowing there were many miasmas, offered Qing Mu Xiang to ward off fog and dew. *Nanzhou Yiwu Zhi* (Records of Strange Things in the Southern Regions) states: Qing Mu Xiang comes from Tianzhu (India), is a root, resembling Licorice (*Gan Cao*). Xiao Bing states: Qing Mu Xiang has similar functions. Also states: Those from Kunlun ships resembling dry bones are good. Ri Hua Zi states: Treats all qi disorders in the chest and abdomen, stops diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, calms the fetus, strengthens spleen, aids digestion, treats emaciation, cold pain in the bladder, vomiting, and regurgitation.
*Tujing* (Illustrated Classic) states: Mu Xiang grows in the valleys of Yongchang; currently, only Guangzhou receives shipments by sea; it is not produced elsewhere. Tao Hongjing states: It is Qing Mu Xiang. The root crown is roughly like an eggplant; leaves resemble *Rumex* but are larger and longer; flowers resemble chrysanthemums; fruits are yellow-black. Some have leaves like sweet potatoes and open purple flowers. Roots and buds are harvested at any time for medicine. Those resembling dry bones are superior. In the Jianghuai region, there is a variety called Tu Qing Mu Xiang (Local Green Costus), which is unsuitable for medicinal use. Wang Chang of Former Shu also cultivated it in his garden, describing seedlings three to four chi high, leaves eight to nine cun long, wrinkled, soft, hairy, opening yellow flowers; this is likely a variety of Tu Mu Xiang (Earth Costus). *Xu Chuanxin Fang* (Continued Records of Faith-Inspring Prescriptions) records Zhang Zhongjing's Qing Mu Xiang Wan (Green Costus Pill), treating various deficiencies due to yang decline. It uses Kunlun Qing Mu Xiang and He Zi Pi (Areca Seed Pericarp) from six routes, twenty liang each, sifted into powder, mixed with rock sugar. Fu Ma Duwei Zheng (name forgotten) removed the rock sugar, added twelve liang of Ling Yang Jiao (Antelope Horn), made into pills the size of wet pepper seeds, taken thirty pills at a time with wine on an empty stomach, twice daily; the effect is very rapid. However, the prescription does not resemble ancient formulas, yet claims to be Zhang Zhongjing's; the source is unknown. According to *Xiuyang Shu* (Books on Cultivation): On the first day of the first month, boil five woods to bathe, ensuring black hair and beard until old age. Xu Kai's annotation states: Daoists call Qing Mu Xiang one of the Five Fragrances (Wu Xiang), also called Five Woods. Daoists often use this for bathing, which must be the meaning. Furthermore: Ancient prescriptions for carbuncles and sores use Wu Xiang Tang (Five Fragrance Decoction), which includes Qing Mu Xiang. That Qing Mu Xiang is named among the Five Fragrances is indeed true.
Hai Yao, consulting *Shan Hai Jing* (Classic of Mountains and Seas): Grows on Kunlun Mountain in the East Sea. Lei Gong states: When using, the fragrant part consists of reed-like vine roots spiraling to the left. After harvesting for twenty-nine days, they become hard like rotten wood and break easily. Those with green-colored root tips are considered the spirit of Mu Xiang. *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies): Treats fox odor; if the inner thighs and genital area are constantly moist and smelly, or develop sores. Soak Qing Mu Xiang in good vinegar and place between the armpits; it heals immediately. *Shanghan Leiyao* (Classified Essentials for Cold Damage): For epidemic febrile diseases manifesting as red-black spots like KT. Use two liang of Qing Mu Xiang, two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, take in one dose; effective. Sun Shangyao: Treats dysentery in men, women, and children. Take one piece of Mu Xiang, one cun square, and half liang of Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome). Decoct these two ingredients in half a sheng of water until dry. Remove the Huang Lian, thinly slice the Mu Xiang, bake until dry, and grind into powder. Three doses: First with Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel) decoction, second with aged rice water, third with Gan Cao (Licorice Root) decoction. This formula was passed down by Li Jingchun. A woman suffering from chronic dysentery near death received this formula from Guanyin (Avalokitesvara) in a dream; upon taking it, she recovered. Bieshuo states: Consulting Mu Xiang, it now all comes from foreign lands, i.e., Qing Mu Xiang; Tao's description is accurate. It originally belonged in the Herb Category. However, the variety recorded in *Tujing* from Guangzhou is woody. The varieties from Chuzhou and Haizhou are actually roots of *Aristolochia Manshuriensis* (Ma Dou Ling), merely local folk names. Their treatments for cold and heat patterns are quite different. These three types should naturally be classified under an external category name.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) states: Mu Xiang specifically drains and resolves stagnation and cold qi in the chest and abdomen; other effects are secondary. It works excellently when assisted by Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), Rou Dou Kou (Nutmeg), and Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), yielding particularly rapid results. Another type, once obtained from Minzhou beyond the frontier, was fresh Qing Mu Xiang brought back to Xiluo. Leaves resemble *Arctium* (Burdock) but are narrower and longer; stems are three to four chi high; flowers are yellow, like coins. The root is Qing Mu Xiang. Chewed raw, it is extremely pungent and aromatic, especially effective for moving qi.