良医之不能以无药愈疾，犹良将不能以无兵胜敌也。兵之形易见，善用者，能以其所以
杀者
生人。药之性难穷，不善用者，返以其所以生者杀人。吁！可畏哉！寒、热、温、凉，辛、
甘
《囊中》、《千金》之所传，《外台》之所秘，其为方，不知其几何。由是言之，则非独察
脉、用方之为难，而辨药最其难者。金石之珍，草木之怪，飞潜动植之广且众也。风气不同
，南北不通，或非中国之所有，或人力之所不可到，乃欲真伪无逃于指掌之间，则本草、图
经二者，何可须臾离也。世所传，曰《神农氏本草》三卷，梁·陶隐居离以为七，唐·苏恭
、
李绩之徒，又附益为二十卷，别图药形以为经，其书略备矣。开宝中，太祖皇帝命卢多逊等
，考验得失，增药尤多，号为《开宝本草》。仁宗皇帝嘉 初，又使掌禹锡、林亿、苏颂、
张洞为之补注，因唐图经别为绘画，复增药至千有余种。于是收拾遗逸，订正讹缪，刊在有
司，布之天下，其为寿养生人之术，无一不具。然世之医者，习故守陋，妄意穿凿，操数汤
剂，幸而数中，自谓足以应无穷之病；诘其论说，则漠然不知。顾本草与图经，殆虚文耳。
况偏州下邑，虽有愿见者，何所售之。阆中陈氏子承，少好学，尤喜于医，该通诸家之说，
尝患二书传者不博，而学人不兼有也；乃合为一，又附以古今论说，与己所见闻，列为二十
三卷，名曰《重广补注神农本草并图经》。书着其说，图见其形，一启帙而两得之。不待至
乎殊方绝域，山巅水涯，而品类万殊者，森在目前；譬夫谈与地者，观于职方，阅战具者之
入武库也。承之先世为将相，欧阳子所谓四世六公者，承其曾孙。少孤，奉其母江淮间，闭
门蔬食以为养，君子称其孝。间有奇疾，众医愕眙，不知所出，承徐察其脉，曰∶当投某剂
，某刻良愈，无不然者。然则承之学，虽出于图书，而精识超绝兹二者，又安能域之哉？鬼
臾区、岐伯远矣，吾不得而知也。其视秦越人、淳于仓公、华佗辈为何如？识者当能知之。
元七年四月朔。左朝请大夫充天章阁待制知杭州军州事兼管内劝农事充两浙西路兵马钤辖
兼提举本路兵马巡检公事上轻车都尉赐紫金鱼袋长乐林希序
高明的医生不能没有药物来治愈疾病，就像高明的将领不能没有军队来战胜敌人一样。军队的阵势容易看清，善于用兵的人，能够利用那些用来杀人的武器来救人。药物的性质难以穷尽，不善于用药的人，反而利用那些本来能救命的药物去杀人。唉！这真是令人敬畏啊！寒、热、温、凉四种药性，辛、甘等五味（辛味、甘味），是《肘后备急方》（简称《囊中》）、《千金方》所传承的，《外台秘要》所秘藏的，其中记载的方剂，不知有多少。由此说来，那么不仅仅是诊察脉象、使用方剂很难，辨别药物更是难上加难。金石类的珍宝，草木中的奇异品种，飞禽、潜游动物以及植物种类繁多且数量庞大。各地风气不同，南北交通不便，有的不是中原地区所产，有的是人力所无法到达的地方，如果想要在手指和手掌之间（即通过观察）就能让真伪无所遁形，那么本草著作和图经这两者，怎么可以片刻分离呢？世间流传的，有《神农本草经》三卷，梁代的陶弘景将其分为七卷，唐代的苏恭、李绩等人，又增补为二十卷，另外绘制药物形状作为图经，这本书大致完备了。开宝年间，宋太祖皇帝命令卢多逊等人，考证得失，增加的药物尤其多，号称《开宝本草》。仁宗皇帝嘉祐初年，又派掌禹锡、林亿、苏颂、张洞为他们进行补注，依据唐代的图经另外绘制图像，又增加药物到一千多种。于是搜集散失的药物，订正错误谬误，刊印在官府，颁布天下，它作为延年益寿、养生救人的技术，无一不具备。然而世上的医生，习惯于守旧拘泥，妄加穿凿附会，拿着几副汤药，侥幸几次有效，就自认为足以应对无穷无尽的疾病；追问他们的理论解说，却茫然无知。看来本草与图经，对他们来说不过是空文罢了。何况偏远的州县小邑，虽然有想要看到的读者，又能在哪里买到呢？阆中的陈氏子承，年少时好学，尤其喜爱医学，精通各家学说，曾经担忧这两本书流传不广，而学医的人不能同时拥有；于是将二者合为一书，又附上古今的论说，以及自己的所见所闻，列为二十三卷，名叫《重广补注神农本草并图经》。书中阐述其理论，图中展示其形态，一打开书卷就能两者兼得。不需要等到去极远的地方、山巅水涯，那些种类万殊的药物，就清晰地呈现在眼前；这就好比谈论地理的人，查看职方志，阅读军事装备的人进入武库一样。子承的先世担任将相，就是欧阳修所说的“四世六公”的那一家，子承是他们的曾孙。年少丧父，在江淮间侍奉母亲，关起门来吃素食以供养母亲，君子称赞他的孝顺。偶尔遇到奇特的疾病，众医生惊讶地看着，不知道该怎么办，子承慢慢诊察患者的脉象，说：“应当投用某方剂，某个时辰就会痊愈，没有不灵验的。”既然这样，那么子承的学问，虽然出于图书，但他对这两者的精辟见识超绝，又怎么能被局限呢？鬼臾区、岐伯的时代太远了，我无法得知。他们比起秦越人（扁鹊）、淳于意（仓公）、华佗这一辈人怎么样呢？有见识的人自然知道。元祐七年四月初一。左朝请大夫充任天章阁待制、知杭州军州事、兼管内劝农事、充两浙西路兵马钤辖、兼提举本路兵马巡检公事、上轻车都尉、赐紫金鱼袋长乐人林希序
A skilled physician cannot cure diseases without medicines, just as a capable general cannot defeat enemies without troops. The formation of troops is easy to see; those who are good at using them can use what is meant for killing to save lives. The nature of medicines is difficult to exhaust; those who are not good at using them may instead use what is meant for saving lives to kill people. Alas! This is truly awe-inspiring! Cold (Han), Heat (Re), Warm (Wen), Cool (Liang) properties, and Pungent (Xin), Sweet (Gan) flavors were transmitted by *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Prescriptions Kept in the Sleeve for Emergency Use) and *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold), and were secreted in *Waitai Miyao* (The External Cabinet's Secret Essentials). The formulas recorded therein are countless. From this perspective, it is not only difficult to examine pulses and apply formulas, but distinguishing medicines is even more difficult. Precious minerals and metals, strange herbs and plants, flying creatures, swimming animals, and plants are numerous and diverse. Due to different climatic conditions, there is little communication between North and South; some are not found in China proper, while others are beyond human reach. If one wishes to discern truth from falsehood with just a glance, how can *Bencao* (Materia Medica) and *Tujing* (Illustrated Classics) be separated for even a moment? What is circulated in the world includes the three-volume *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica). Tao Hongjing of the Liang Dynasty divided it into seven volumes. Su Gong and Li Ji of the Tang Dynasty further supplemented it to twenty volumes, creating separate illustrations of medicinal forms as *Tujing*, making the book roughly complete. During the Kaibao era, Emperor Taizu ordered Lu Duoxun and others to verify merits and faults, adding many new drugs, known as *Kaibao Bencao*. In the early Jiayou era of Emperor Renzong, Zhang Yuxi, Lin Yi, Su Song, and Zhang Dong were commissioned to provide supplementary annotations. Based on the Tang *Tujing*, new illustrations were created, and over a thousand additional drugs were added. Thus, lost items were collected, errors corrected, and the work published by the relevant government office and distributed throughout the empire. As a technique for longevity, health preservation, and saving lives, nothing was omitted. However, physicians of the time, adhering to old habits and narrow views, made arbitrary interpretations. Holding a few decoctions, if they happened to succeed a few times, they considered themselves capable of treating infinite diseases. When questioned about their theoretical explanations, they remained ignorant. To them, *Bencao* and *Tujing* seemed like empty words. Moreover, in remote prefectures and small counties, even if there were eager readers, where could they obtain these books? Chen Zicheng of Langzhong loved learning in his youth and had a particular fondness for medicine. He was well-versed in various schools of thought. He worried that these two works were not widely circulated and that students could not possess both. Therefore, he combined them into one volume, appended ancient and modern discussions along with his own observations, and organized them into twenty-three volumes, titled *Chongguang Buzhu Shennong Bencao Bing Tujing* (Revised and Expanded Annotated Divine Farmer's Materia Medica with Illustrated Classics). The text expounds the theories, and the images display the forms; opening the book yields both benefits simultaneously. One does not need to travel to distant lands or mountain peaks and riverbanks to see the myriad varieties of drugs clearly presented before one's eyes; it is like a geographer consulting the *Zhifang* (Records of Offices/Geography) or a military officer inspecting weapons in an arsenal. Chen's ancestors served as generals and ministers, referring to the "Six Dukes of Four Generations" mentioned by Ouyang Xiu; Chen was their great-grandson. Orphaned young, he served his mother in the Jianghuai region, closing his door and living on a vegetarian diet to support her. Gentlemen praised his filial piety. Occasionally encountering rare diseases where other physicians stood amazed and helpless, Chen would calmly examine the pulse and say, "Administer such-and-such formula, and recovery will occur within such-and-such hours," which invariably proved true. Thus, although Chen's learning originated from books and images, his profound insight transcended these two sources, and how could it be confined? The eras of Guiyuuqu and Qibo are too distant for me to know. How do they compare to Qin Yueren (Bian Que), Chunyu Cangong (Chunyu Yi), Hua Tuo, and their contemporaries? Those with discernment will know. On the first day of the fourth month of the seventh year of Yuanyou [1092], Lin Xi of Changle, Left Chaoqing Dafu, Serving as Daizhi of Tianzhang Pavilion, Prefect of Hangzhou Military and Civil Affairs, Concurrently Director of Encouraging Agriculture within the Jurisdiction, Commander-in-Chief of Military Guards in West Route of Liangzhe, Concurrently Supervisor of Military Patrols in this Route, Shang Qingche Douwei, Recipient of Purple Gold Fish Bag, wrote the preface.