\r石燕\pd54.bmp\r
以水煮汁饮之，主淋有效。妇人难产，两手各把一枚，立验。出零陵。
唐本注云∶俗云因雷雨则从石穴中出，随雨飞堕者，妄也。永州祁阳县西北百一十五里
土岗
上，掘深丈余取之。形似蚶而小，坚重如石也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本注云∶《尔雅》云∶蠃
小者 （音含）。今按陈藏器本草云∶石燕，主消渴，取水牛鼻和煮饮之。自死者鼻，不如
落
崖死者良。（唐本先附）臣禹锡等谨按萧炳云∶别有乳洞中食乳有命者，亦名石燕，似蝙蝠
口方，生气物也。日华子云∶石燕，凉，无毒。出南土穴中，凝强似石者佳。
图经曰∶石燕，出零陵郡，今永州祁阳县江旁沙滩上有之。形似蚶而小，其实石也。或
云生
山
洞中，因雷尔则飞出，堕于沙上而化为石，未审的否？今人以催生，令产妇两手各握一枚，
须臾子则下。采无时。
食疗云∶在乳穴石洞中者，冬月采之堪食。余月采者，只堪治病，不堪食也。又，治法∶
取
石燕二七枚，和五味炒令熟，以酒一斗，浸三日，即每夜卧时饮一、两盏，随性也。甚能补
益，
能吃食，令人健力也。圣惠方∶治伤寒，小腹胀满，小便不通。用石燕捣罗为末，不计时候
，
葱白汤调半钱，得通为度。简要济众∶治淋疾。石燕子七个，捣如黍米粒大，新桑根白皮三
两
，锉如豆粒，同拌令匀，分作七贴。用水一盏煎一贴，取七分去滓，每服空心、午前各一服
。灵苑方∶治久患肠风痔 一、二十年不瘥，面色虚黄，饮食无味，及患脏腑伤损，多患泄
泻，
暑月常泻不止，及诸般淋沥，久患消渴，妇人月候湛浊，赤白带下，多年不瘥，应是脏腑诸
疾皆主之。用石燕净洗，刷去泥土收之。上每日空心取一枚，于坚硬无油瓷器内，以温水磨
服之，如弹丸大者一个分三服，大小以此为准，晚食更一服。若欲作散，须先杵罗为末，以
磁石 去杵头铁屑后，更入坚瓷钵内，以硬乳槌研细，水飞过，取白汁如泔乳者，澄去水曝
干。每服半钱至一钱，清饭饮调下，温水亦得。此方偏治久年肠风痔，须常服勿令歇，服至
及一月，诸疾皆愈。
衍义曰∶石燕，今人用者如蚬蛤之状，色如土，坚重则石也。既无羽翼，焉能自石穴中
飞出
，
何故只堕沙滩上？此说近妄。《唐本》注∶永州土岗上，掘深丈余取之。形似蚶而小，重如
石，则此自是一物，余说不可取。溃虚积药中多用。
用水煮取汁液饮用，对治疗淋证（小便频数短涩、滴沥刺痛）有效。妇女难产时，双手各握一枚，立即见效。产于零陵。
《唐本草》注云：民间传说说它因雷雨天气从石穴中飞出，随雨坠落，这是荒谬的。在永州祁阳县西北一百一十五里的土岗上，挖掘深约一丈多即可取得。形状像蚶（一种贝类）但较小，坚硬沉重如石头。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本草》注云：《尔雅》说：螺类中小小的叫“含”（音同“含”）。现在考证陈藏器《本草》说：石燕，主治消渴（糖尿病样症状），取水牛角和牛鼻一起煮后饮用。用自然死亡的牛的鼻子，不如用落在悬崖下死去的牛鼻子好。（此条附于《唐本草》之后）臣禹锡等人谨按萧炳说：另有在乳洞中吃乳汁生长的生物，也名叫石燕，形状像蝙蝠，口部方形，是有生命的气化之物。日华子说：石燕，性凉，无毒。产于南方泥土洞穴中，凝结强硬像石头的是佳品。
《图经本草》说：石燕，产于零陵郡，现在永州祁阳县江边的沙滩上有出产。形状像蚶但较小，其实是石头。有人说生长在深山洞中，因为雷击就会飞出，坠落在沙滩上化为石头，不知是否确切？现在人们用它来催生，让产妇双手各握一枚，一会儿胎儿就能降生。采集没有固定时间。
《食疗本草》说：在乳穴石洞中的，冬季采集可以食用。其他月份采集的，只适合治病，不适合食用。另外，治疗方法：取石燕十四枚，配合五味调料炒熟，用酒一斗，浸泡三天，每晚睡觉时饮一两盏，根据体质而定。非常能补益身体，增进食欲，使人精力充沛。《圣惠方》：治疗伤寒，小腹胀满，小便不通。用石燕捣碎过筛成粉末，不限时候，用葱白汤调服半钱，以小便通利为度。《简要济众方》：治疗淋疾。石燕子七个，捣成黍米粒大小，新桑根白皮三两，锉成豆粒大小，混合均匀，分成七贴。用水一盏煎煮一贴，取七分药液去渣，每次空腹、午前各服一次。《灵苑方》：治疗长期患肠风痔漏一二十年不愈，面色虚黄，饮食无味，以及脏腑损伤，经常腹泻，暑天常泻不止，以及各种淋沥不尽，长期患消渴，妇女月经浑浊，赤白带下，多年不愈，凡是脏腑各种疾病都主治。用石燕洗净，刷去泥土收存。以上每天空腹取一枚，在坚硬无油的瓷器内，用温水磨服，如果是弹丸大小的一个分三次服用，大小以此为准，晚饭后再服一次。如果想做成散剂，必须先捣碎过筛成粉末，加入磁石（去除杵头铁屑后），再放入坚硬的瓷钵内，用硬乳槌研细，水飞法处理，取白色汁液像米浆一样的，沉淀去水晒干。每次服半钱至一钱，用清米饮调下，温水也可以。此方特别治疗多年的肠风痔漏，必须常服不要停歇，服用到一个月，各种疾病都会痊愈。
《衍义》说：石燕，现在人使用的像蚬蛤的形状，颜色像泥土，坚硬沉重就是石头。既然没有翅膀，怎么能从石穴中飞出，为什么只坠落在沙滩上？这种说法接近荒谬。《唐本草》注：永州土岗上，挖掘深一丈多取得。形状像蚶但较小，重如石头，那么这自是一种东西，其他的说法不可采信。在治疗虚损积滞的药物中多用石燕。
Shiyan (Stony Swallow Stone)
Boiling it in water to obtain the decoction for drinking is effective for treating Lin syndrome (dysuria characterized by frequent, urgent, and painful urination). For women experiencing difficult labor, holding one in each hand yields immediate results. It originates from Lingling.
The *Tang Bencao* annotation states: Folk legends claim that it emerges from stone caves during thunderstorms and flies down with the rain; this is absurd. In Yongzhou, Qiyang County, 115 li northwest of the county seat, on earthen mounds, digging more than one zhang deep allows for its extraction. Its shape resembles a clam but is smaller, hard and heavy like stone.臣 Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to the *Shu Bencao* annotation: The *Erya* states: "The small ones of the Luó (snail/shellfish family) are called 'Han' (pronounced 'han')." Current examination of Chen Cangqi's *Bencao* states: Shiyan treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome); boiling it with water buffalo horn and nose for drinking is used. Using the nose of a naturally dead buffalo is inferior to using one from a buffalo that died after falling off a cliff. (This item is appended to the *Tang Bencao*).臣 Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to Xiao Bing: There is another creature living in milk caves that feeds on milk, also named Shiyan, resembling a bat with a square mouth, a vital qi-generated entity. Ri Huazi states: Shiyan is cool in nature and non-toxic. It is produced in caves in southern soils; those that are condensed and hard like stone are superior.
The *Tujing* states: Shiyan originates from Lingling Commandery. Currently, it is found on the sandy beaches beside the river in Qiyang County, Yongzhou. Its shape resembles a clam but is smaller; in fact, it is stone. Some say it grows in mountain caves and flies out due to lightning, falling onto the sand and transforming into stone; whether this is accurate remains uncertain. Currently, people use it to facilitate childbirth, instructing parturient women to hold one in each hand, after which the infant descends shortly. Collection has no fixed time.
The *Shiliao* states: Those found in milk cave stone holes can be eaten when collected in winter. Those collected in other months are only suitable for treating disease and not for consumption. Furthermore, treatment methods: Take fourteen pieces of Shiyan, stir-fry them until cooked with five flavors, soak them in one dou of wine for three days, then drink one or two cups at bedtime each night, adjusted according to tolerance. It greatly tonifies and benefits, promotes appetite, and strengthens physical power. The *Shenghui Fang*: Treats Shang Han (cold damage), abdominal distension and fullness in the lower abdomen, and urinary retention. Use Shiyan, pounded and sieved into powder, taken at any time, mixed with scallion white decoction, half qian per dose, until urination flows freely. The *Jianyao Jizhong Fang*: Treats Lin disease. Seven Shiyan seeds, pounded to the size of millet grains, combined with three liang of fresh mulberry root bark (cut into bean-sized pieces), mixed evenly, divided into seven doses. Decoct one dose in one sheng of water until reduced to seven fen, remove dregs, take one dose on an empty stomach and one dose before noon. The *Lingyuan Fang*: Treats chronic Changfeng hemorrhoids lasting ten to twenty years without healing, sallow complexion, loss of taste in food, as well as visceral injury, frequent diarrhea, continuous diarrhea during summer months, various types of dribbling urine, chronic Xiao Ke, turbid menstruation in women, red and white leukorrhea lasting many years without healing; it governs all sorts of visceral diseases. Wash Shiyan cleanly, brush off mud, and store. Take one piece daily on an empty stomach, grind it in a hard, oil-free porcelain vessel with warm water, and ingest. If it is the size of a bullet丸 (pellet), divide into three doses; adjust size accordingly based on patient condition, taking another dose after evening meal. If preparing as a powder, first pound and sieve into fine powder. Add Cishi (Magnetite) [after removing iron filings from the pestle], place in a hard porcelain mortar, grind finely with a hard pestle, process by levigation (water flying), collect the white juice resembling rice washings, settle, decant water, and dry in the sun. Take half qian to one qian per dose, mixed with clear rice drink or warm water. This formula specifically treats chronic Changfeng hemorrhoids; it must be taken continuously without interruption. After one month of administration, all diseases will heal.
The *Yanyi* states: Shiyan currently used resembles clams or cockles, colored like soil, hard and heavy like stone. Since it lacks wings, how can it fly out of stone caves? Why does it only fall onto sandy beaches? This explanation is close to absurdity. The *Tang Bencao* annotation notes: Extracted from earthen mounds in Yongzhou by digging one zhang deep. Shape resembles a clam but smaller, heavy like stone; thus, this is a distinct entity, and other descriptions should not be accepted. It is frequently used in medicines for treating deficiency and accumulation.