\r石龙芮\pd152.bmp\r
味苦，平，无毒。主风寒湿痹，心腹邪气，利关节，止烦满，平肾、胃气，补阴气
不足，失精茎冷。久服轻身，明目，不老，令人皮肤光泽，有子。一名鲁果能，一名地椹，
一名石能，一名彭根，一名天豆。生泰山川泽石边。五月五日采子，二月、八月采皮，阴干
。（大戟为之使，畏蛇蜕皮、吴茱萸。）
陶隐居云∶今出近道，子形粗，似蛇床子而扁，非真好者，人言是蓄菜子尔。东山石上
所生
。其叶芮芮短小，其子状如葶苈，黄色而味小辛，此乃实是也。唐本注云∶今用者，俗名水
董（音谨）。苗似附子，实如桑椹，故名地椹。生下湿地，五月熟，叶、子皆味辛。山南者
粒
大如葵子。关中、河北者细如葶苈，气力劣于山南者。陶以细者为真，未为通论。又《别录
》
水董云∶主毒肿，痈疖疮，蛔虫，齿龋。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶石龙芮，能逐诸风，主
除心热躁。
图经曰∶石龙芮，生泰山川泽石边。陶隐居云∶近道处处有之。今唯出兖州。一丛数茎，
茎
青
紫色，每茎三叶，其叶芮芮短小多刻缺。子如葶苈而色黄。五月采子，二月、八月采皮，阴
干用。能逐诸风，除心热躁。苏恭云∶俗名水堇，苗如附子，实如桑椹。生下湿地，此乃水
堇，非石龙芮也。今兖州所生者，正与《本经》、陶说相合，为得其真矣。
陈藏器云∶芮子，味辛。按苏、《别录》云∶水堇，主毒肿，蛇虫，齿龋。且水堇如苏
所
注
，定是石龙芮，更非别草。《尔雅》云∶芨，堇草。郭注云∶乌头苗也。苏又注天雄云∶石
龙芮，叶似堇草，故名水堇。如此，则根据苏所注是水堇，附子是堇草。水堇、堇草二物同名
也。
衍义曰∶石龙芮，今有两种∶水中生者，叶光而末圆。陆生者，叶有毛而末锐。入药须
生水
者
。陆生者又谓之天灸，取少叶揉系臂上，一夜作大泡，如火烧者是。唯陆生者，补阴不足，
茎常冷，失精。余如《经》。
石龙芮
味苦，性平，无毒。主治风寒湿痹（由风、寒、湿邪侵袭经络关节引起的肢体疼痛、麻木等症），心腹部的邪气，通利关节，消除烦闷胀满，调和肾气和胃气，补益阴气不足，治疗遗精、阴茎寒冷。长期服用可轻身健体，明目，延缓衰老，使皮肤光泽，有助于生育。又名鲁果能，又名地椹，又名石能，又名彭根，又名天豆。生长于泰山的川泽岩石边。五月五日采集种子，二月、八月采集树皮，阴干。（大戟为其引经药/辅佐药，畏惧蛇蜕皮、吴茱萸。）
陶隐居说：现在出产于近道地区，果实形状粗糙，像蛇床子但较扁，不是真正好的品种，人们说是蓄菜的种子罢了。东山岩石上生长的才是真品。它的叶子短小细碎，果实形状像葶苈，黄色且味道微辛，这才是真正的石龙芮。《唐本草》注解说：现在使用的，俗名水董（音同“谨”）。幼苗像附子，果实像桑葚，所以名叫地椹。生长在低湿之地，五月成熟，叶和子都味辛。山南地区的颗粒大如葵子。关中、河北地区的细小如葶苈，药效力量不如山南地区的。陶弘景认为细小的为真品，这并非通达的论断。另外《名医别录》中记载的水董说：主治毒肿，痈疖疮，蛔虫，龋齿。臣禹锡等人谨慎地按照《药性论》说：石龙芮，能驱逐各种风邪，主治清除心热烦躁。
《图经本草》说：石龙芮，生长于泰山的川泽岩石边。陶隐居说：近处道路处处都有。现在只出产于兖州。一丛有多茎，茎呈青紫色，每茎三片叶，其叶短小细碎多有缺刻。果实像葶苈而颜色黄。五月采集种子，二月、八月采集树皮，阴干使用。能驱逐各种风邪，清除心热烦躁。苏恭说：俗名水堇，幼苗像附子，果实像桑葚。生长在低湿之地，这是水堇，不是石龙芮。现在兖州所生长的，正与《本经》、陶弘景的说法相符合，算是得到了真品了。
陈藏器说：芮子，味辛。按苏敬、《名医别录》说：水堇，主治毒肿，蛇虫咬伤，龋齿。况且水堇像苏敬所注解的那样，定是石龙芮，绝不是别的草。《尔雅》说：芨，是堇草。郭璞注解说：是乌头的苗。苏敬又注解天雄说：石龙芮，叶像堇草，所以名叫水堇。如此看来，根据苏敬所注解的是水堇，附子是堇草。水堇、堇草两物同名。
《衍义》说：石龙芮，现在有两种：水中生长的，叶面光滑且末端圆。陆地上生长的，叶有毛且末端尖锐。入药必须用生于水中的。陆地生长的又叫做天灸，取少量叶子揉搓系在手臂上，一夜后起大水泡，像火烧的一样。只有陆地生长的，能补阴气不足，阴茎常冷，遗精。其余功效如《本经》所述。
Shilongrui (Ranunculus japonicus)
Bitter, neutral, non-toxic. Primarily treats wind-cold-damp bi syndrome (pain and numbness in limbs and joints caused by invasion of wind, cold, and damp pathogens), evil qi in the heart and abdomen, unblocks the joints, relieves irritability and fullness, harmonizes Kidney and Stomach Qi, tonifies deficiency of Yin Qi, and treats spermatorrhea and cold penis. Long-term use lightens the body, brightens the eyes, prevents aging, makes the skin lustrous, and promotes fertility. Also known as Luguoneng, Dizhen, Shineng, Penggen, Tiandou. Grows beside rocks in streams and marshes of Mount Tai. Seeds are harvested on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month; bark is harvested in the second and eighth lunar months and dried in the shade. (Daji [Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix] serves as its guiding herb; it fears snake skin shed and Evodiae Fructus [Wuzhuyu].)
Tao Hongjing stated: Currently, it is produced in nearby regions. The seeds are coarse in shape, resembling Szechuan Cnidium Seed (Shechuangzi) but flatter, which are not the true high-quality variety. People say they are seeds of shepherd's purse. Those growing on rocks in the eastern mountains are the true ones. Its leaves are short and small with serrated edges. The seeds resemble Thlaspi Seeds (Tinglizi), are yellow, and have a slightly pungent taste; these are indeed authentic. The commentary in *Xinxiu Bencao* states: What is currently used is commonly known as Shuidong (pronounced "jin"). The seedling resembles Aconite Root (Fuzi), and the fruit resembles mulberry, hence the name Dizhen. It grows in low and wet areas, ripens in May, and both leaves and seeds are pungent. In southern Shanxi, the grains are as large as sunflower seeds. In Guanzhong and Hebei, they are as fine as Thlaspi Seeds, and their medicinal efficacy is inferior to those from southern Shanxi. Tao believed that the smaller ones were authentic, which was not a comprehensive view. Additionally, the *Bencao Jing Jizhu* entry for Shuidong states: It primarily treats toxic swelling, carbuncles, sores, roundworms, and dental caries. Minister Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun*, stated: Shilongrui can expel various wind pathogens and primarily clears heart heat and restlessness.
*Tujing* states: Shilongrui grows beside rocks in streams and marshes of Mount Tai. Tao Hongjing said: It is found everywhere along nearby roads. Now it is only produced in Yanzhou. One clump has several stems, which are greenish-purple. Each stem has three leaves, which are short, small, and deeply lobed. The seeds resemble Thlaspi Seeds and are yellow. Seeds are harvested in May, bark in February and August, and dried in the shade for use. It can expel various wind pathogens and clear heart heat and restlessness. Su Gong stated: Commonly known as Shuijin. The seedling resembles Aconite Root, and the fruit resembles mulberry. It grows in low and wet areas; this is Shuijin, not Shilongrui. What is currently grown in Yanzhou exactly matches the description in *Shennong Bencao Jing* and Tao's statement, thus obtaining the authentic variety.
Chen Zangqi stated: Ruizi is pungent. According to Su Jing and *Bencao Jing Jizhu*: Shuijin primarily treats toxic swelling, snake and insect bites, and dental caries. Moreover, since Shuijin matches Su Jing's annotation, it must be Shilongrui, certainly not another herb. *Erya* states: Ji is Jincao. Guo Pu's annotation says: It is the seedling of Aconite. Su Jing also annotated Tianxiong stating: Shilongrui has leaves resembling Jincao, hence named Shuijin. Thus, based on Su Jing's annotation, Shuijin refers to Shilongrui, while Fuzi refers to Jincao. Shuijin and Jincao share the same name.
*Yanyi* states: Shilongrui now has two types: those growing in water have smooth leaves with rounded tips. Those growing on land have hairy leaves with sharp tips. For medicinal use, only the aquatic type should be employed. The terrestrial type is also called Tianjiu (Heavenly Moxibustion). Taking a few leaves, rubbing them, and tying them to the arm causes large blisters overnight, feeling like a burn. Only the terrestrial type can tonify deficiency of Yin Qi, treat cold penis, and spermatorrhea. Other effects are as described in the *Classic*.