\r紫矿骐 竭\pd326.bmp\r
味甘、咸，平，有小毒。主五脏邪气，带下，止痛，破积血，金疮生肉，与骐 竭二物
大同小异。
唐本注云∶紫色如胶。作赤 （音京）皮及宝钿，用为假色，亦以胶宝物。云蚁于海畔
树藤皮中为之。紫矿树名渴廪，骐 竭树名渴留，喻如蜂造蜜。斫取用之。吴录谓之赤胶者。
今按别本注云∶紫矿、骐 竭二物同条，功效全别。紫矿色赤而黑，其叶大如盘，矿从叶上
出。
桃，三角，成竭从木中出，如松脂。（唐本先附）玉石部今移 臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶紫
矿，
无毒。治驴马蹄漏，可熔补。又云骐 竭，暖，无毒。得密陀僧良。治一切恶疮疥癣，久不
合者敷此药，性急亦不可多使，却引脓。
图经曰∶骐 竭，旧不载所生州土，今出南蕃诸国及广州。木高数丈，婆娑可爱。叶似
樱桃而有三角。其脂液从木中流出，滴下如胶饴状，久而坚凝乃成竭，赤作血色，故亦谓之
血竭。采无时。其味咸而气腥者是。海母血不可用。真竭微咸而甘，作栀子气味，旧说与紫
矿大都相类，而别是一物，功力亦殊。今按段成式《酉阳杂俎》云∶紫矿出真腊国，国人呼
为勒 。
亦出波斯国。木高丈许，枝干繁郁，叶似桔柚，冬不凋落。三月花开，不结子。每有雾
露微雨沾濡，其枝条则为紫矿。波斯国使人呼及沙利，两人说如此。而真腊国使人言∶是蚁
运土上于木端作窠，蚁壤为雾露所沾，即化为紫矿。又《交州地志》亦云∶本州岁贡紫矿，
出于蚁壤。乃知与血竭虽俱出于木，而非一物，明矣。今医方亦罕用，唯染家所须耳。
海药∶紫矿，谨按《广州记》云∶生南海山谷。其树紫赤色，是木中津液成也。治湿痒
疮疥，宜入膏用。又可造胡燕脂，余滓则主作家使也。又骐 竭，谨按《南越志》云∶是紫
矿树之脂也。其味甘、温，无毒。主打伤折损一切疼痛，补虚及血气，搅刺内伤血聚，并宜
酒服。欲验真伪，但嚼之，不烂如蜡者上也。雷公云∶骐 竭，凡使勿用海母血，真似骐
竭，只是味咸并腥气。其骐 竭，味微咸、甘，似栀子气是也。欲使，先研作粉重筛过，临
使，安于丸散或膏中，任使用，勿与众药同捣，化作飞尘也。圣惠方∶产后血晕不知人及狂
语。麟竭一两，细研为末，非时温酒调二钱匕。广利方∶治金疮血不止兼痛，麟竭末敷之立
止。贾相牛经∶牛马有漏蹄。以紫矿少许和猪脂，内入漏处，烧铁篦烙之。酉阳杂俎∶紫矿
树出真腊，国使冲都尉沙门陀沙尼拔 言∶蚁运土于树下作窠，蚁壤得雨露，结而成紫矿，
昆仑者善，波斯次。太清伏炼灵砂法∶骐麟竭，出于西胡。禀于荧惑之气，生于汤石之阴，
结而成质，紫
衍义曰∶紫矿，如糖霜结于细枝上，累累然，紫黑色，研破则红。今人用造绵烟脂，迩
来亦难得。余如《经》。
味甘、咸，性平，有小毒。主治五脏邪气，带下病，止痛，破除瘀血，促进金疮（金属利器造成的创伤）生肌长肉。紫矿与麒麟竭这两种药物大同小异。
《唐本草》注解说：颜色像胶一样呈紫色。被制成赤色粉末及宝钿装饰物，用作假色，也用来粘合宝物。说是蚂蚁在海边树木的藤皮中制造出来的。紫矿树名叫“渴廪”，麒麟竭树名叫“渴留”，比喻如同蜜蜂酿蜜一样。砍伐取用。吴录称之为“赤胶”。
现在考察其他版本的注释说：紫矿和麒麟竭虽然来源相同，但功效完全不同。紫矿颜色红中带黑，其叶子大如盘子，紫矿是从叶子上产生的。麒麟竭形状像桃核，呈三角形，从树干中流出，像松脂一样。（此条原附于《唐本草》，现移至玉石部。）臣禹锡等人谨慎地按语：日华子说：紫矿无毒。治疗驴马蹄部溃烂，可以熔化后修补。又说麒麟竭，性温，无毒。配合密陀僧使用效果良好。治疗各种恶疮疥癣，久不愈合的，敷上这种药，药性急迫，不可多用，否则会引脓外出。
《图经本草》说：麒麟竭，旧籍未记载其生长的州土，现在出产于南蕃各国及广州。树木高达数丈，枝叶婆娑可爱。叶子像樱桃叶但有三个角。它的脂液从树干中流出，滴下来像饴糖状，时间久了坚硬凝结就形成了竭，红色像血色，所以也叫血竭。采集没有固定时间。味道咸而气味腥的是真品。海母血不可用。真正的竭微咸而甘，有栀子的气味。旧时说它与紫矿大体相似，但是不同的两种东西，功力也不同。现在考察段成式《酉阳杂俎》说：紫矿产自真腊国，国人称为“勒”。也出产于波斯国。树木高一丈左右，枝干繁茂，叶子像桔柚叶，冬天不凋落。三月开花，不结果实。每当有雾露微雨沾湿，其枝条就形成紫矿。波斯国使者沙利说如此。而真腊国使者说：这是蚂蚁搬运泥土到树端做巢，蚁壤被雾露沾湿，就化为紫矿。又《交州地志》也说：本州每年进贡紫矿，出自蚁壤。由此可知，紫矿与血竭虽然都出于树木，但不是同一种东西，这很明白了。现在医方中也很少使用，只有染匠需要罢了。
《海药本草》说：紫矿，谨按《广州记》说：生长在南海山谷。树木呈紫红色，是树木中的津液形成的。治疗湿痒疮疥，适宜入膏药使用。又可以制作胡燕脂，剩下的渣滓则用来给家仆使用。又说麒麟竭，谨按《南越志》说：是紫矿树的脂液。味道甘甜、性温，无毒。主治跌打损伤引起的各种疼痛，补虚损及气血，搅动刺入体内的淤血聚集，都适宜用酒送服。想要验证真伪，只要咀嚼它，不烂如蜡质的是上品。雷公说：麒麟竭，凡是用时不要用海母血，真的像麒麟竭，只是味道咸且有腥气。真正的麒麟竭，味道微咸、甘，有栀子气味。要使用时，先研磨成粉重新筛过，临用时，放入丸散或膏中，随意使用，不要与其他药物一起捣碎，以免化作飞尘。
《圣惠方》：产后血晕不知人事及胡言乱语。麒麟竭一两，细研为末，随时用温酒调服二钱匕。
《广利方》：治疗金疮出血不止兼疼痛，用麒麟竭末敷之立即停止。
《贾相牛经》：牛马有漏蹄症。用少许紫矿混合猪脂，填入漏处，用烧红的铁篦烙烫。
《酉阳杂俎》：紫矿树出自古真腊，该国使者冲都尉沙门陀沙尼拔说：蚂蚁搬运泥土在树下做巢，蚁壤得到雨露，凝结而成紫矿，昆仑产的质量好，波斯产的次一等。
《太清伏炼灵砂法》：麒麟竭，出自西胡。禀受荧惑星之气，生于汤石之阴面，凝结而成质地。
《衍义》说：紫矿，像糖霜结在细枝上，累累相连，紫黑色，研破后显红色。现在人们用它制造绵烟脂，近来也难以得到。其余内容如同《经》所述。
Zikuang and Qijie (Dragon's Blood)
Sweet and salty in flavor, neutral in nature, with slight toxicity. It primarily treats evil qi in the five zang organs, leukorrhea, relieves pain, breaks up accumulated blood, and promotes flesh regeneration in traumatic wounds caused by metal weapons. Zikuang and Qijie are largely similar with minor differences.
The *Tang Bencao* commentary states: The color is purple like glue. It is made into red powder and decorative ornaments, used as a fake pigment, and also to bond treasures. It is said that ants create it within the bark of tree vines by the sea. The tree producing Zikuang is named "Kelín", and the tree producing Qijie is named "Keliu", analogous to bees making honey. They are harvested by chopping. Wu Lu refers to it as "Red Glue".
Current examination of other versions' notes states: Although Zikuang and Qijie share the same source category, their efficacies are entirely different. Zikuang is red with black hues; its leaves are large as plates, and Zikuang exudes from the leaves. Qijie resembles a peach pit, triangular in shape, exuding from the wood like pine resin. (Originally attached to *Tang Bencao*, now moved to the Jade and Stones section.) Ministers Yuxi et al. carefully note: Rihua Zi says: Zikuang is non-toxic. It treats ulcers in donkey or horse hooves and can be melted for repair. Also, Qijie is warm and non-toxic. It works well when combined with Ledouqin (Litharge). It treats all kinds of malignant sores, scabies, and tinea that have not healed for a long time; applying this medicine, though potent, should not be overused, as it may draw out pus.
*Tujing* states: Qijie was not recorded in old texts regarding its place of origin; it is now produced in various Southern Fan countries and Guangzhou. The trees are several zhang high, with graceful foliage. The leaves resemble cherry leaves but have three angles. Its resin flows from the wood, dripping down like maltose syrup, hardening over time to form Jie. It is red like blood, hence also called Xuejie (Blood Dragon's Blood). There is no fixed season for harvesting. The one that tastes salty and smells fishy is the authentic type. Haimu blood is unusable. Authentic Jie is slightly salty and sweet, with the aroma of Gardenia. Old theories suggest it is mostly similar to Zikuang but is actually a different substance with distinct efficacy. Current examination of Duan Chengshi’s *Youyang Zazu* states: Zikuang comes from Chenla Country, where locals call it "Le". It is also produced in Persia. The trees are about one zhang high, with dense branches and foliage resembling citrus leaves, which do not fall in winter. Flowers bloom in March but do not bear fruit. Whenever mist, dew, or light rain wets the branches, Zikuang forms on them. An envoy from Persia named Shali stated this. However, an envoy from Chenla stated: Ants carry soil to the top of the tree to build nests; the ant soil, when wetted by mist and dew, transforms into Zikuang. Furthermore, *Jiaozhou Dizhi* also states: This prefecture annually tributes Zikuang, which originates from ant soil. Thus, although both Zikuang and Xuejie come from trees, they are clearly not the same thing. Currently, medical prescriptions rarely use it; only dyers require it.
*Haiyao* states: Zikuang, according to *Guangzhou Ji*, grows in the valleys of the South Sea. The trees are purple-red, formed from the tree's sap. It treats dampness-induced itching, sores, and scabies, suitable for inclusion in plasters. It can also be used to make Hu Yanzhi (foreign rouge); the residue is used for servants. Also, Qijie, according to *Nanyue Zhi*, is the resin of the Zikuang tree. It is sweet in flavor, warm in nature, and non-toxic. It mainly treats pain from all types of falls and fractures, tonifies deficiency, and regulates Qi and blood. For internal injuries with blood accumulation due to piercing, it is best taken with wine. To verify authenticity, chew it; the superior quality does not rot like wax. Leigong states: When using Qijie, do not use Haimu blood, which resembles Qijie but tastes salty and smells fishy. True Qijie tastes slightly salty and sweet, with a Gardenia-like aroma. Before use, grind it into powder and sieve it finely. When administering, add it to pills, powders, or plasters as needed. Do not pound it together with other medicines to avoid turning into flying dust.
*Shenghui Fang*: For postpartum blood syncope causing unconsciousness and delirious speech. Take 1 liang of Qijie, finely ground into powder, and mix with 2 qianbi of warm wine at any time.
*Guangli Fang*: For uncontrollable bleeding and pain from traumatic wounds. Apply Qijie powder externally to stop bleeding immediately.
*Jiaxiang Niu Jing*: For hoof rot in cattle and horses. Mix a small amount of Zikuang with lard, insert it into the lesion, and cauterize with a heated iron comb.
*Youyang Zazu*: Zikuang trees grow in Chenla. Envoy Chong Duwei, Monk Tuosani Ba, stated: Ants carry soil under trees to build nests; the ant soil condenses with rain and dew to form Zikuang. Kunlun origin is good; Persian origin is secondary.
*Taiqing Fulián Lingsha Fa*: Qilin Jie comes from the Western Hu. It inherits the Qi of Yinghuo (Mars), grows in the shade of hot stones, and condenses into substance.
*Yanyi* states: Zikuang resembles sugar frost clustering on fine branches, appearing in clusters, purple-black in color, turning red when crushed. Nowadays, people use it to make mianyanzhi, but it has become rare lately. The rest remains as described in the classics.