\r菊花\pd68.bmp\r
味苦、甘，平，无毒。主风头眩、肿痛，目欲脱，泪出，皮肤死肌，恶风，湿痹，疗
腰痛去来陶陶，除胸中烦热，安肠胃，利五脉，调四肢。久服利血气，轻身，耐老，延年。
一名节华，一名日精，一名女节，一名女华，一名女茎，一名更生，一名周盈，一名傅延年
，一名阴成。生雍州川泽及田野。正月采根，三月采叶，五月采茎，九月采花，十一月采实
，皆阴干。（术、枸杞根、桑根白皮为之使。）
陶隐居云∶菊有两种∶一种茎紫，气香而味甘，叶可作羹食者，为真。一种青茎而大，
作蒿
艾气，味苦不堪食者名苦薏，非真。其华正相似，唯以甘、苦别之尔。南阳郦县最多，今近
道处处有，取种之便得。又有白菊，茎、叶都相似，唯花白，五月取。亦主风眩，能令头不
白
。《仙经》以菊为妙用，但难多得，宜常服之尔。臣禹锡等谨按尔雅云∶鞠，治蔷。注∶
今
之秋华菊。药性论云∶甘菊花，使。能治热头风旋倒地，脑骨疼痛，身上诸风令消散。陈藏
器云∶苦薏，味苦破血。妇人腹内宿血，食之。又调中止泄。花如菊，茎似马兰，生泽畔
，
似菊，菊甘而薏苦。语曰∶苦如薏是也。又云白菊，味苦。染髭发令黑，和巨胜、茯苓蜜丸
，主风眩，变白，不老，益颜色。又《灵宝方》∶茯苓合为丸以成，炼松脂和，每服如鸡子
一
丸，令人好颜色不老，主头眩。生平泽，花紫白，五月花。《抱朴子·刘生丹法》∶用白菊
花汁和之。杨损之云∶甘者入药，苦者不任。日华子云∶菊花，治四肢游风，利血脉，心烦
，胸膈壅闷，并痈毒，头痛，作枕明目，叶亦明目，生熟并可食。菊有两种∶花大气香，
茎紫者为甘菊；花小气烈，茎青小者名野菊，味苦。然虽如此，园蔬内种肥沃后同一体。花
上水，益色壮阳，治一切风，并无所忌。
图经曰∶菊花，生雍州川泽及田野，今处处有之，以南阳菊潭者为佳。初春布地生细苗，
夏
茂
、秋花、冬实。然菊之种类颇多，有紫茎而气香，叶浓至柔嫩可食者，其花微小，味甚甘，
此为真。有青茎而大，叶细作蒿艾气味苦者，华亦大名苦薏，非真也。南阳菊亦有两种∶白
菊，叶大似艾叶，茎青根细，花白蕊黄；其黄菊，叶似茼蒿，花蕊都黄。然今服饵家多用白
者。南京又有一种开小花，花瓣下如小珠子，谓之珠子菊，云入药亦佳。正月采根，三月采
叶，五月采茎，九月采花，十一月采实，皆阴干用。唐《天宝单方图》载白菊云∶味辛，平
，无毒。元生南阳山谷及田野中，颖川人呼为回蜂菊，汝南名荼苦蒿，上党及建安郡、顺政
郡并名羊欢草，河内名地薇蒿，诸郡皆有。其功主丈夫、妇人久患头风眩闷，头发干落，
胸中痰结，每风发即头旋，眼昏暗，不觉欲倒者，是其候也。先灸两风池各二七壮，并服此
白菊酒及丸，永瘥。其法∶春末夏初收软苗，阴干，捣末。空腹取一方寸匕，和无灰酒服之
，日再，渐加三方寸匕。若不欲饮酒者，但和羹、粥、汁服之亦得。秋八月合花收曝干，切
，取三大斤，以生绢囊盛贮三大斗酒中，经七日服之，日三，常令酒气相续为佳。今诸州亦
有作菊花酒者，其法得于此乎。
食疗云∶甘菊，平。其叶正月采，可作羹；茎五月五日采；花九月九日采。并主头风，
目眩
，泪
出，去烦热，利五脏。野生苦菊不堪用。圣惠方∶治头风头旋。用九月九日菊花曝干，取家
糯
米一斗蒸熟，用五两菊花末，搜拌如常酝法，多用细面曲为候，酒熟即压之去滓，每暖一小
盏服。外台秘要∶治酒醉不醒。九月九日真菊花末，饮服方寸匕。肘后方∶治疔肿垂死。菊
叶一握，捣绞汁一升，入口即活，此神验。冬用其根。食医心镜∶甘菊，主头风目眩，胸中
汹
汹，目泪出，风痹骨肉痛，切作羹煮粥，并生食并得。玉函方∶王子乔变白增年方∶甘菊，
三
月上寅日采，名曰玉英；六月上寅日采，名曰容成；九月上寅日采，名曰金精；十二月上寅
日采，名曰长生。长生者，根茎是也。四味并阴干百日，取等分，以成日合捣千杵为末，酒
调下一钱匕。以蜜丸如桐子大，酒服七丸，一日三服。百日身轻润泽；服之一年，发白变黑
；服之二年，齿落再生；服之三年，八十岁老人变为童儿，神效。
衍义曰∶菊花，近世有二十余种，唯单叶花小而黄绿，叶色深小而薄，应候而开者是也。
《
月
令》所谓菊有黄花者也。又邓州白菊，单叶者亦入药，余皆医经不用。专治头目风热，今
多收之作枕。
味苦、甘，性平，无毒。主治头风眩晕、肿痛，眼睛感觉要脱出，流泪，皮肤死肌，恶风，湿痹，治疗腰痛且伴有往来陶陶（形容舒缓舒适或头晕目眩的感觉），清除胸中烦热，安定肠胃，通利五脉，调和四肢。长期服用可通利血气，使身体轻健，延缓衰老，延年益寿。
又名节华，又名日精，又名女节，又名女华，又名女茎，又名更生，又名周盈，又名傅延年，又名阴成。生长在雍州的川泽及田野中。正月采集根部，三月采集叶片，五月采集茎干，九月采集花朵，十一月采集果实，都要阴干。（以白术、枸杞根、桑根白皮作为使药。）
陶隐居说：菊花有两种：一种茎是紫色的，气味芳香而味道甘甜，叶子可以做羹汤食用，这是真品。一种茎是青色的而且较大，有蒿艾的气味，味道苦涩不能食用，名叫苦薏，不是真品。它们的花非常相似，只是用甜和苦来区别罢了。南阳郦县最多，现在附近道路处处都有，取种子种植就能得到。又有白菊，茎、叶都相似，只有花是白色的，五月采收。也主治风眩，能让头发不白。《仙经》认为菊花有妙用，只是难以多得，适宜经常服用罢了。臣禹锡等人谨按《尔雅》说：鞠，治蔷。注：现在的秋花菊。《药性论》说：甘菊花，为使药。能治疗热头风旋转倒地，脑骨疼痛，身上各种风邪令其消散。陈藏器说：苦薏，味苦破血。妇人腹内宿血，食用它。又能调中止泄。花像菊花，茎像马兰，生长在水泽边，像菊花，菊花味甘而薏味苦。俗语说：苦如薏就是这样的。又说白菊，味苦。染胡须头发使其变黑，配合巨胜（黑芝麻）、茯苓做成蜜丸，主治风眩，防止头发变白，不老，增加面色光泽。又《灵宝方》：茯苓合为丸制成，炼松脂调和，每次服用如鸡蛋大一丸，让人面色好不老，主治头眩。生长在水泽平地，花紫白色，五月开花。《抱朴子·刘生丹法》：用白菊花汁调和它。杨损之说：甘的入药，苦的不能用。日华子说：菊花，治疗四肢游风，通利血脉，心烦，胸膈壅闷，以及痈毒，头痛，做枕头明目，叶子也明目，生熟都可以吃。菊花有两种：花大气香，茎紫的是甘菊；花小气烈，茎青小的是野菊，味苦。然而虽然如此，在园蔬内种植肥沃后同为一体。花上的水，增益色泽壮阳，治疗一切风邪，并无禁忌。
《图经》说：菊花，生长在雍州的川泽及田野，现在处处都有，以南阳菊潭产的为佳。初春在地面生出细苗，夏天茂盛，秋天开花，冬天结果。然而菊花的种类很多，有紫茎而气味芳香，叶子浓密至柔嫩可食用的，它的花微小，味道甚甜，这是真品。有青茎而大，叶子细小有蒿艾气味苦涩的，花也叫大名苦薏，不是真品。南阳菊也有两种：白菊，叶子大像艾叶，茎青根细，花白蕊黄；那黄菊，叶子像茼蒿，花蕊都黄。然而现在服饵家多用白的。南京又有一种开小花，花瓣下像小珠子，叫做珠子菊，据说入药也很好。正月采集根部，三月采集叶片，五月采集茎干，九月采集花朵，十一月采集果实，都要阴干使用。唐代《天宝单方图》记载白菊说：味辛，性平，无毒。原产于南阳山谷及田野中，颖川人叫它回蜂菊，汝南叫它荼苦蒿，上党及建安郡、顺政郡都叫它羊欢草，河内叫它地薇蒿，各郡都有。它的功效主治丈夫、妇人久患头风眩晕闷乱，头发干枯脱落，胸中痰结，每当风发即头旋，眼昏暗，不知不觉想要倒下，这是它的证候。先灸两风池穴各十四壮，并服用此白菊酒及丸，永远痊愈。其方法：春末夏初收软苗，阴干，捣成末。空腹取一方寸匕，和无灰酒服用，每天两次，逐渐加到三方寸匕。如果不愿饮酒的，只配合羹、粥、汁服用也可以。秋八月合花收曝干，切碎，取三大斤，用生绢囊盛贮三大斗酒中，经过七天服用它，每天三次，常让酒气相续为佳。现在各州也有制作菊花酒的，其方法得于此吗？
《食疗》说：甘菊，性平。它的叶子正月采集，可以做羹；茎五月五日采集；花九月九日采集。都主治头风，目眩，泪出，去烦热，利五脏。野生苦菊不堪使用。《圣惠方》：治疗头风头旋。用九月九日的菊花曝干，取家糯米一斗蒸熟，用五两菊花末，搜索拌和如通常酿酒法，多用细面曲为候，酒熟就压榨去掉渣滓，每次温一小盏服用。《外台秘要》：治疗酒醉不醒。九月九日真菊花末，饮服方寸匕。《肘后方》：治疗疔肿垂死。菊叶一握，捣绞汁一升，入口即活，这是神验。冬天用它的根。《食医心镜》：甘菊，主治头风目眩，胸中汹汹，目泪出，风痹骨肉痛，切碎做羹煮粥，并生食都可以。《玉函方》：王子乔变白增年方：甘菊，三月上寅日采集，名叫玉英；六月上寅日采集，名叫容成；九月上寅日采集，名叫金精；十二月上寅日采集，名叫长生。长生者，指根茎。四味都阴干一百天，取等分，在吉日合捣千杵为末，酒调下一钱匕。以蜜丸如桐子大，酒服七丸，一天三次服用。一百天身体轻润泽；服用一年，头发变黑；服用二年，牙齿脱落再生；服用三年，八十岁老人变为童儿，神效。
《衍义》说：菊花，近代有二十多种，只有单叶花小而黄绿，叶色深小而薄，应时而开的是这种。《月令》所谓菊有黄花者也。还有邓州白菊，单叶的也入药，其余都是医经不用。专门治疗头目风热，现在多收集它做枕头。
Chrysanthemum (Juhua)
Taste: Bitter, Sweet. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats vertigo due to wind-pathogen (Feng Tou Xuan), swelling and pain, sensation of eyes protruding, tearing, dead skin tissue, aversion to wind, damp-bi syndrome, lower back pain with a sensation of flowing comfort or dizziness (Lai Lai Tao Tao), removes heat and irritability in the chest, calms the stomach and intestines, benefits the five meridians, harmonizes the four limbs. Long-term consumption promotes the flow of Qi and Blood, lightens the body, resists aging, and prolongs life.
Alternative names: Jie Hua (Festival Flower), Ri Jing (Sun Essence), Nv Jie (Female Festival), Nv Hua (Female Flower), Nv Jing (Female Stem), Geng Sheng (Reborn), Zhou Ying (Full Circle), Fu Yan Nian (Support Longevity), Yin Cheng (Yin Completion). Habitat: Rivers, marshes, and fields in Yongzhou. Harvesting times: Roots in the first lunar month, leaves in the third, stems in the fifth, flowers in the ninth, fruits in the eleventh; all dried in shade. Adjuvants: Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), Lycii Radicis Cortex (Gouqigen), Morus Albae Cortex (Sangbaipipi).
Tao Hongjing stated: There are two types of Chrysanthemum: One has purple stems, an aromatic fragrance, sweet taste, and edible leaves for soup; this is the true variety. The other has large green stems, smells like Mugwort (Ai) and Wormwood (Hao), tastes bitter and inedible, named Ku Yi (Bitter Aster), which is not true. Their flowers look similar, distinguished only by sweet and bitter tastes. Most abundant in Li County, Nanyang; now found everywhere near roads; easy to propagate from seeds. There is also White Chrysanthemum, with similar stems and leaves but white flowers, harvested in May. It also treats wind-vertigo and prevents graying of hair. The "Immortal Canon" considers Chrysanthemum highly effective but rare, recommending regular consumption. Ministers Yuxi et al., consulting the "Erya", noted: Ju treats Qiang. Annotation: Current autumn-flowering Chrysanthemum. "Pharmacological Properties" states: Sweet Chrysanthemum acts as an adjuvant. It treats severe wind-vertigo causing collapse, cranial bone pain, and dissipates various wind pathogens in the body. Chen Cangqi stated: Ku Yi is bitter and breaks blood stasis. Consumed for fixed blood stasis in women's abdomen. Also regulates the middle jiao and stops diarrhea. Flowers resemble Chrysanthemum, stems resemble Kalimeris indica (Malan), grows by water margins. Chrysanthemum is sweet, Ku Yi is bitter. Proverb: "Bitter like Ku Yi." White Chrysanthemum is bitter. Dyes beard and hair black. Combined with Sesamum indicum (Jusheng) and Poria cocos (Fuling) into honey pills, it treats wind-vertigo, prevents hair graying, anti-aging, and improves complexion. "Lingbao Formula": Poria combined into pills, refined pine resin mixed, one pill size of chicken egg per dose, improves complexion, anti-aging, treats vertigo. Grows in wetlands, flowers purple-white, blooms in May. "Baopuzi - Liu Sheng Dan Fa": Uses White Chrysanthemum juice for mixing. Yang Sunzhi stated: Sweet varieties enter medicine; bitter ones are unsuitable. Rihua Zi stated: Chrysanthemum treats wandering wind in four limbs, benefits vessels, relieves irritability, chest oppression, carbuncles, headaches. Made into pillows to brighten eyes; leaves also brighten eyes; raw or cooked both edible. Two types: Large flowers, aromatic, purple stem = Sweet Chrysanthemum; Small flowers, strong odor, small green stem = Wild Chrysanthemum, bitter. However, cultivated in fertile garden soil, they become identical. Water from flowers enhances complexion and yang energy, treats all wind pathogens, no taboos.
"Tujing" stated: Chrysanthemum grows in Yongzhou rivers/marshes/fields, now ubiquitous; best from Ju Tan, Nanyang. Sprouts fine seedlings in early spring, lush in summer, flowers in autumn, fruits in winter. Many varieties: Purple stem, aromatic, thick tender edible leaves, tiny sweet flowers = True. Green stem, large, thin leaves smelling of Mugwort/Wormwood, bitter = Ku Yi, not true. Nanyang Chrysanthemum has two types: White Chrysanthemum, large leaves like Mugwort, green stem, thin root, white flower yellow center; Yellow Chrysanthemum, leaves like Tonghao (Corchorus capsularis), all yellow center. Currently, elixir practitioners mostly use White. Nanjing has a variety with small flowers, bead-like bases under petals, called Zhuzi Ju (Pearl Chrysanthemum), good for medicine. Harvest: Roots 1st month, leaves 3rd, stems 5th, flowers 9th, fruits 11th; shade-dried. Tang Dynasty "Tianbao Single Formula Diagram" records White Chrysanthemum: Pungent, neutral, non-toxic. Native to Nanyang valleys/fields. Yingchuan calls it Huifeng Ju; Runan calls it Tukuku Hao; Shangdang/Jian'an/Shunzheng call it Yanghuan Cao; Henei calls it Diwei Hao. Efficacy: Treats chronic wind-vertigo/dizziness in men/women, dry falling hair, phlegm stagnation in chest. Upon wind attack, vertigo occurs, vision dims, feeling of fainting. Treatment: Moxibustion on Fengchi (GB20) acupoints, 14 moxa cones each, plus White Chrysanthemum wine/pills for permanent cure. Method: Late spring/early summer harvest soft seedlings, shade-dry, powder. Empty stomach, 1 cun bi (square inch spoonful) mixed with unfermented wine, twice daily, gradually increase to 3 cun bi. If avoiding alcohol, mix with soup/congee/juice. August harvest flowers, sun-dry, chop, 3 jin放入 3 dou wine in silk bag, steep 7 days, take 3 times daily, maintain continuous mild intoxication. Do local Chrysanthemum wines derive from this?
"Shiliao" stated: Sweet Chrysanthemum, neutral. Leaves harvested 1st month for soup; stems 5th day of 5th month; flowers 9th day of 9th month. Treats wind-headache, vertigo, tearing, removes heat, benefits five zang-organs. Wild bitter Chrysanthemum is unusable. "Shenghui Fang": Treats wind-vertigo. Dry September 9th Chrysanthemum, mix with 1 dou steamed glutinous rice, add 5 liang Chrysanthemum powder, ferment normally with fine yeast. Strain when ready, warm 1 small cup per dose. "Waitai Miyao": Treats drunkenness. Drink 1 cun bi of pure September 9th Chrysanthemum powder with water. "Zhouhou Fang": Treats lethal carbuncle. Crush 1 handful of leaves, extract 1 sheng juice, ingest immediately for miraculous effect. Use roots in winter. "Shiyi Xinjing": Sweet Chrysanthemum treats wind-vertigo, chest agitation, tearing, wind-bi bone/muscle pain. Chop for soup/congee or eat raw. "Yuhan Fang": Wang Ziqiao Rejuvenation Formula: Sweet Chrysanthemum harvested on Yin days: 3rd month = Yu Ying; 6th month = Rongcheng; 9th month = Jingjing; 12th month = Changsheng (roots/stems). Shade-dry 100 days, equal parts, grind 1000 times on auspicious day, take 1 qian bi with wine. Honey pills size of paulownia seeds, 7 pills with wine, 3 times daily. 100 days: body light/smooth; 1 year: gray hair turns black; 2 years: lost teeth regrow; 3 years: 80-year-old becomes child-like, miraculous.
"Yanyi" stated: Modern Chrysanthemum has 20+ varieties. Only single-leaf, small yellow-green flowers, dark small thin leaves, blooming on schedule are valid. This matches "Monthly Ordinances" description. Dengzhou White Chrysanthemum (single-leaf) is also medicinal; others unused by medical classics. Specifically treats wind-heat of head/eyes. Now commonly collected for pillows.