冷，无毒。润五脏，止消渴，开胃，解酒毒，主老癖，能为寒热者及妇人血块
，煮食之。此物性虽冷，乃与丹石相反，服丹石人食之，令腹结痛。〔（新见）陈藏器、日华
子。〕
图经文具马刀条下。
初虞世疗汤火伤神妙。蛤蜊壳灰火烧研为末，油调涂之。《集验》同。
冷，无毒。治时气，开胃，压丹石药及疔疮，下湿气，下乳，糟煮服，良。生浸
取汁，洗疔疮。多食发嗽并冷气，消肾。陈壳，治阴疮，止痢。蚬肉，寒，去暴热，明目，
利小便，下热气，香港脚，湿毒，解酒毒，目黄。浸取汁服，主消渴，烂壳，温，烧为白灰饮
下，主反胃吐食，除心胸痰水。壳陈久，疗胃反及失精。（新见《唐本·注》、陈藏器、日
华子。）
图经文具马刀条下。
陈藏器小于蛤，黑色，生水泥中，候风雨，能以壳为翅飞也。圣惠方治卒咳嗽不止。用
白蚬
壳不计多少，捣研极细，每服米饮调下一钱匕，日三、四服，妙。
壳烧作末服之，主痔病。〔（新见）陈藏器〕
图经文具马刀条下。
陈藏器∶（呼咸切）（音进），一名生进。有毛似蛤，长扁，壳烧作末服之，主野鸡病。
人
食其肉，无功用也。
\r蚌\pd451.bmp\r
冷，无毒。明目，止消渴，除烦，解热毒，补妇人虚劳，下血并痔 ，血崩带下，压丹
石药毒。以黄连末纳之，取汁，点赤眼并暗，良。烂壳粉，饮下，治反胃，痰饮。此即是宝
装大者。又云∶蚌粉，冷，无毒。治疳，止痢并呕逆。痈肿，醋调敷，兼能制石亭脂。〔（
新见）日华子〕
图经文具马刀条下。
陈藏器据陶云∶大蛤乃蚌。按蚌，寒，煮之，主妇人劳损，下血，明目，除湿，止消渴。
老
蚌含珠，壳堪为粉，烂壳为粉，饮下，主反胃，心胸间痰饮。生江溪渠渎间。陶云大蛤，误
耳。食疗云蚌，大寒。主大热，解酒毒，止渴，去眼赤。动冷热气。丹房镜源蚌粉制硫黄。
性味寒冷，无毒。能滋润五脏，治疗消渴症，增进食欲，解除酒毒，主治陈年积块（老癖），以及因寒热交替引起的病症和妇女血瘀块状物，煮食即可。此物性质虽冷，但与丹石类药物相反，服用丹石的人食用它，会导致腹部结聚疼痛。〔（新见）陈藏器、日华子。〕
《图经本草》在“马刀”条目下记载详细。
初虞世认为其治疗汤火烫伤神效。将蛤蜊壳烧成灰后研为粉末，用油调和涂抹患处。《集验方》记载相同。
性味寒冷，无毒。治疗时行疫病，增进食欲，压制丹石药性并治疗疔疮，排出体内湿气，促进乳汁分泌，用酒糟煮服效果良好。生蚌浸出汁液，清洗疔疮。多食会引发咳嗽和冷气，损伤肾脏。陈旧的蚌壳，治疗阴部疮疡，止住痢疾。蚬肉，性寒，去除突发高热，明亮双目，通利小便，降下热气，治疗香港脚（足部肿痛）、湿毒、解酒毒、目黄。浸出汁液服用，主治消渴症；腐烂的蚌壳，性温，烧成白灰后用水送服，主治反胃吐食，清除心胸间的痰饮积水。贝壳存放久远，治疗胃反及遗精。〔（新见）《唐本注》、陈藏器、日华子。〕
《图经本草》在“马刀”条目下记载详细。
陈藏器说：蚬比蛤小，黑色，生长在水泥中，遇到风雨时，能以壳为翅飞翔。《圣惠方》治疗突然咳嗽不止。用白蚬壳不限数量，捣碎研成极细粉末，每次用米汤调服一钱匕，每日三到四次，效果奇妙。
蚌壳烧成粉末服用，主治痔疮。〔（新见）陈藏器〕
《图经本草》在“马刀”条目下记载详细。
陈藏器说：（音进），又名生进。有毛类似蛤，形状长扁，壳烧成粉末服用，主治野鸡病（一种慢性消耗性疾病）。人吃它的肉，没有药用功效。
蚌
性味寒冷，无毒。明亮双目，止住消渴，消除烦闷，解除热毒，补益妇女虚劳，治疗下血及痔疮、血崩带下，压制丹石药毒。将黄连末纳入蚌内，取汁液，滴入患赤眼及视力昏暗处，效果良好。腐烂蚌壳粉，用水送服，治疗反胃、痰饮。这就是宝装所说的大的蚌。又说：蚌粉，性寒，无毒。治疗疳积，止住痢疾及呕吐逆气。痈肿，用醋调和敷贴，兼能制约石亭脂（雄黄的一种）。〔（新见）日华子〕
《图经本草》在“马刀”条目下记载详细。
陈藏器依据陶弘景的说法：大蛤就是蚌。按考证，蚌性寒，煮食，主治妇女劳损、下血、明目、除湿、止住消渴。老蚌含珠，其壳可制成粉末，腐烂蚌壳制成粉末，用水送服，主治反胃、心胸间痰饮。生长在江河溪流沟渠之间。陶弘景说是大蛤，是错误的。《食疗本草》说蚌性大寒。主治大热，解除酒毒，止渴，去除眼红。动发冷热之气。《丹房镜源》记载用蚌粉炼制硫黄。
Nature and flavor: Cold, non-toxic. It moistens the five Zang organs (Five Viscera), treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), opens the stomach (appetite), resolves alcohol toxicity, and is indicated for Lao Pi (chronic accumulation masses) and conditions characterized by alternating cold and heat, as well as blood masses in women; it can be consumed after boiling. Although its nature is cold, it is contrary to Dan Shi (cinnabar and other mineral drugs); those who consume Dan Shi should avoid eating it, as it causes abdominal knotting and pain. [Newly observed by Chen Cangqi, Ri Huazi.]
The *Tu Jing Ben Cao* details are recorded under the entry for "Ma Dao" (Machiaria).
Chu Yushi considers it miraculous for treating scalds and burns. Burn clam shells to ash, grind into powder, mix with oil, and apply topically. The *Ji Yan Fang* records the same method.
Nature: Cold, non-toxic. Treats Shi Qi (epidemic febrile diseases), opens the stomach, suppresses the effects of Dan Shi drugs and Ding Chuang (carbuncles), drains dampness, promotes lactation, and is beneficial when boiled with fermented grain residue (Zao). Soak fresh clams to extract juice and wash Ding Chuang. Excessive consumption induces coughing and cold qi, damaging the Kidneys. Old shells treat Yin Chuang (genital ulcers) and stop dysentery. Xi Rou (Clam meat): Cold in nature, removes sudden heat, brightens the eyes, promotes urination, descends hot qi, treats Hong Kong Jiao (podagra/foot swelling), damp-toxicity, resolves alcohol toxicity, and treats yellow eyes. Drink the extracted juice to treat Xiao Ke. Rotten shells: Warm in nature, burn to white ash and take with water to treat Fan Wei (regurgitation/vomiting) and remove phlegm-fluid retention in the chest and heart. Shells stored for a long time treat Wei Fan (gastric regurgitation) and loss of essence. [Newly observed from *Tang Ben Zhu*, Chen Cangqi, Ri Huazi.]
The *Tu Jing Ben Cao* details are recorded under the entry for "Ma Dao".
Chen Cangqi states: Xi (Clam) is smaller than Ge (Clam), black in color, lives in muddy water, and can fly using its shell as wings during wind and rain. The *Sheng Hui Fang* treats sudden persistent coughing. Use white clam shells in any quantity, crush and grind to an extremely fine powder. Take one Qian Bi (approx. 3-5g) mixed with rice drink, three to four times daily; it is excellent.
Burn clam shells to powder and ingest them to treat hemorrhoids. [Newly observed by Chen Cangqi]
The *Tu Jing Ben Cao* details are recorded under the entry for "Ma Dao".
Chen Cangqi says: Jin (a type of clam), also called Sheng Jin. It has hair-like structures similar to clams, is long and flat. Burning the shell to powder and ingesting it treats Ye Ji Bing (wild chicken disease, a chronic wasting condition). Eating its flesh has no medicinal utility.
Beng (Freshwater Mussel)
Nature: Cold, non-toxic. Brightens the eyes, stops Xiao Ke, eliminates vexation, resolves heat toxicity, tonifies deficiency and exhaustion in women, treats lower bleeding, hemorrhoids, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea, and suppresses Dan Shi drug toxicity. Insert Huang Lian Mo (Coptis powder) into the mussel, extract the juice, and apply to red eyes and dim vision; it is effective. Powdered rotten mussel shell taken with water treats Fan Wei and Tan Yin (phlegm-fluid). This refers to the large mussels described by Bao Zhuang. Furthermore: Beng Fen (Mussel powder) is cold and non-toxic. Treats Gan Ji (infantile malnutrition), stops dysentery and vomiting/regurgitation. For abscesses and swellings, mix with vinegar and apply externally; it also counteracts Ting Li Shi (Realgar). [Newly observed by Ri Huazi]
The *Tu Jing Ben Cao* details are recorded under the entry for "Ma Dao".
Chen Cangqi cites Tao Hongjing: Large Ge (Clam) is actually Beng (Mussel). According to analysis, Beng is cold in nature; boiling it treats female deficiency exhaustion, lower bleeding, brightens eyes, drains dampness, and stops Xiao Ke. Old mussels contain pearls; their shells can be made into powder. Rotten mussel shell powder taken with water treats Fan Wei and phlegm-fluid retention in the chest and heart. They grow in rivers, streams, and ditches. Tao Hongjing’s claim that they are large clams is erroneous. The *Shi Liao Ben Cao* states that Beng is greatly cold. It treats severe heat, resolves alcohol toxicity, stops thirst, and removes eye redness. It agitates cold and hot qi. The *Dan Fang Jing Yuan* records using Beng Fen to refine Liu Huang (Sulfur).