\r蜀漆\pd234.bmp\r
味辛，平、微温，有毒。主疟及咳逆寒热，腹中症坚，痞结，积聚，邪气，蛊毒，鬼
疰，疗胸中邪结气，吐出之。生江林山川谷及蜀汉中。常山苗也。五月采叶，阴干。（栝蒌
为之使，恶贯众。）
陶隐居云∶是常山苗，而所出又异者，江林山即益州江阳山名，故是同处尔。彼人采仍
萦结
作丸，得时燥者佳。唐本注云∶此草，日微萎则把束曝使燥，色青白，堪用。若阴干，便黑
烂郁坏矣。陶云作丸。此乃 饼，非蜀漆也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶五月采，日干之
。
药性论云∶蜀漆，使，畏橐吾，味苦，有小毒。常山苗也。能主治瘴、鬼疟多时不瘥，去寒
热疟，
治温疟寒热。不可多进，令人吐逆。主坚症，下肥气，积聚。萧炳云∶桔梗为使。日华子
云∶蜀漆治症瘕。又名鸡尿草、鸭尿草。李含光云∶常山茎也。八月、九月采。
图经曰∶蜀漆，生江林山川谷及蜀汉。常山苗也。常山生益州山谷及汉中，蜀漆根也。
江林
山
即益州江阳山名，是同处耳。今京西、淮、浙、湖南州郡亦有之。叶似茗而狭长，两两相当
。茎圆有节。三月生红花，青萼。五月结实，青圆，三子为房。苗高者不过三、四尺，根似
荆，黄色。而海州出者，叶似楸叶，八月，有花红白色，子碧色，似山楝子而小。五月采叶
，八月采根，阴干。此二味为治疟之最要。张仲景蜀漆散∶用蜀漆、云母、龙骨等分，杵末
，患者至发前，以浆水和半钱服之。温疟加蜀漆半分，临发时服一钱匕。今天台山出一种草
，名土常山，苗叶极甘，人用为饮香，其味如蜜，又名蜜香草，性亦凉，饮之益人，非此常
山也。
雷公云∶凡采得后，和根、苗。临用时即去根，取茎并叶，同拌，甘草四两，细锉用，
拌水
令湿同蒸。临时去甘草，取蜀漆五两，细锉，又拌甘草水匀，又蒸了任用，勿食木笋。
衍义曰∶蜀漆，常山苗也。治疟，多吐人。其他亦未见所长。此草也，虑岁久，人或别
有异
味辛，性平或微温，有毒。主治疟疾以及咳嗽气逆、寒热往来，腹中症瘕坚硬、痞块结聚、积聚之邪气，蛊毒，鬼疰（一种传染性极强的疾病），能治疗胸中邪气结聚，服后可引起呕吐将其排出。产于江陵山川谷及蜀汉地区。是常山的嫩苗。五月采集叶片，阴干。（栝蒌为其引经药，畏忌贯众。）
陶隐居说：这是常山的嫩苗，但产地又有所不同。江陵山即益州江阳山的名称，所以说是同一地方的人采摘。当地人采摘后仍缠绕打结做成丸剂，干燥及时的为佳。《唐本草》注解说：这种草，太阳晒得微微萎蔫时便捆束起来曝晒使其干燥，颜色青白，可供药用。如果阴干，就会变黑腐烂变质。陶隐居说做成丸剂。这其实是饼状物，不是蜀漆。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本草·图经》说：五月采集，晒干即可。
《药性论》说：蜀漆，以栝蒌为使药，畏忌橐吾，味苦，有小毒。是常山的嫩苗。能主治瘴气、鬼疟久治不愈，去除寒热疟疾，治疗温疟寒热。不可多服，令人呕吐气逆。主治坚硬的症块，消除肥气，积聚。萧炳说：桔梗为其使药。日华子说：蜀漆治疗症瘕。又名鸡尿草、鸭尿草。李含光说：是常山的茎。八月、九月采集。
《图经》说：蜀漆，产于江陵山川谷及蜀汉。是常山的嫩苗。常山产于益州山谷及汉中，蜀漆是其根。江陵山即益州江阳山的名称，是同一地方罢了。如今京西、淮、浙、湖南各州郡也有出产。叶子像茶树叶但狭长，两两相对。茎圆且有节。三月开红花，青色花萼。五月结果实，青色圆形，三颗为一房。高的植株不超过三四尺，根像荆条，黄色。而海州出产的，叶子像楸树叶，八月有红白色花，果实碧色，比山楝子小。五月采集叶片，八月采集根部，阴干。这两味药是治疗疟疾最重要的药物。张仲景的蜀漆散：用蜀漆、云母、龙骨等分，捣成粉末，患者在发作前，用浆水调和半钱服用。温疟加蜀漆半分，临发作时服用一钱匕。今天台山出产一种草，名叫土常山，苗叶极甜，人们用它做饮香，味道像蜜，又名蜜香草，性质也凉，饮用对人有益，这不是真正的常山。
雷公说：凡是采得后，连同根、苗一起。临用时去掉根，取茎和叶，同拌入四两甘草，细锉后用，拌水使其湿润同蒸。临时去掉甘草，取蜀漆五两，细锉，又拌入甘草水均匀，再蒸后使用，不要吃木笋。
《衍义》说：蜀漆，是常山的嫩苗。治疗疟疾，多使人呕吐。其他方面也没见有什么特长。这种草，担心年代久远，人们或许另有不同的解释。
Shuqi (Radix Dichroae)
Pungent in flavor, neutral or slightly warm in nature, toxic. It primarily treats malaria as well as cough with counterflow of qi, alternating chills and fever, hardness and firmness of masses in the abdomen, palpable lumps and accumulations, pathogenic evil qi, gu poison (poison caused by parasites), gui zhu (a highly contagious disease attributed to ghosts/spirits). It treats the binding of evil qi in the chest, inducing vomiting to expel it. It grows in the valleys and mountains of Jiangling and Shu-Han regions. It is the young shoot of Changshan (Dichroa febrifuga). The leaves are harvested in the May, dried in the shade. (Gualou [Fructus Trichosanthis] serves as its guiding herb; it is incompatible with Guanzhong [Cyathulae Radix].)
Tao Hongjing stated: This is the young shoot of Changshan, but the place of origin differs. Jiangling Mountain refers to the name of Jiangyang Mountain in Yizhou, hence they are from the same location. People there harvest it and still wind it into knots to form pills; those that are properly dried are considered superior. The commentary in *Xinxiu Bencao* notes: When this herb is slightly withered by the sun, it should be bundled and sun-dried until dry; its color becomes greenish-white, making it suitable for use. If dried in the shade, it turns black, rots, and spoils. Tao mentioned forming pills. This actually refers to cakes, not Shuqi. Ministers Yu Xi et al. respectfully followed the *Shu Bencao Tu Jing*: Harvested in May, sun-dried.
*Yao Xing Lun* states: Shuqi, with Gualou as the guiding herb, fears Tuowu (Lithospermum erythrorhizon), has a bitter flavor, and is slightly toxic. It is the young shoot of Changshan. It can primarily treat zhang qi (miasma) and gui nue (ghost malaria) that persists without recovery, eliminates chills and fever associated with malaria, and treats wen nue (warm malaria) with alternating chills and fever. It should not be taken in large doses, as it causes vomiting and counterflow of qi. It treats hard masses, reduces fei qi (enlarged spleen/liver), and resolves accumulations. Xiao Bing stated: Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) serves as the guiding herb. Ri Huazi stated: Shuqi treats zheng jia (abdominal masses). It is also known as Jiniaocao (Chicken Urine Grass) and Yaniaocao (Duck Urine Grass). Li Hanguang stated: It is the stem of Changshan. Harvested in August and September.
*Tujing* states: Shuqi grows in the valleys and mountains of Jiangling and Shu-Han. It is the young shoot of Changshan. Changshan grows in the valleys and mountains of Yizhou and Shu-Han, while Shuqi is its root. Jiangling Mountain is the name of Jiangyang Mountain in Yizhou; they are the same place. Currently, it is also produced in prefectures of Jingxi, Huai, Zhe, and Hunan. The leaves resemble tea leaves but are narrower and longer, growing opposite each other. The stem is round and jointed. In March, it bears red flowers with green calyxes. In May, it produces fruits that are green, round, with three seeds per locule. The taller plants do not exceed three or four chi in height; the roots resemble Jing tiao (Vitex negundo), yellow in color. However, the variety from Haizhou has leaves resembling Paulownia leaves, bears red-and-white flowers in August, and produces green fruits smaller than those of Shanlian (Melia azedarach). Leaves are harvested in May, roots in August, dried in the shade. These two preparations are the most crucial herbs for treating malaria. Zhang Zhongjing's Shuqi San: Use equal parts of Shuqi, Yunmu (Lepidolite), and Longgu (Fossilized Bones), pound into powder. Before the onset of the patient's attack, mix half a qian with Jiangshui (fermented grain water) and administer. For Wen Nue, add half a qian of Shuqi; administer one qian bi (a spoonful measure) at the time of the attack. Currently, Tiantai Mountain produces a herb named Tuchangshan (Earth Changshan). Its shoots and leaves are extremely sweet; people use it as a beverage fragrance. Its taste is like honey, it is also called Mixiangcao (Honey Fragrance Grass), its nature is cool, and drinking it benefits the human body. It is not the true Changshan.
Lei Gong stated: After harvesting, include the roots and shoots. When ready for use, remove the roots, take the stems and leaves, mix them with four liang of Gancao (Licorice Root), finely sliced. Moisten with water and steam together. Temporarily remove the Gancao, take five liang of Shuqi, finely slice, mix evenly with Gancao water, steam again, and then use. Do not consume Musun (Bamboo Shoots).
*Yanyi* states: Shuqi is the young shoot of Changshan. It treats malaria but often induces vomiting in patients. No other significant advantages have been observed for this herb. Concerning this plant, it is feared that over long periods, people may interpret it differently.