\r蝎\pd468.bmp\r
味甘、辛，有毒。疗诸风瘾疹及中风，半身不遂，口眼 斜，语涩，手足抽掣。形紧小
者良。〔出青州者良。（今附）〕
臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶蝎，紧小者名 。段成式酉阳杂俎云∶鼠负虫巨者，多化为蝎。
蝎
死
。江南旧无蝎，开元初尝有主簿，竹筒盛过江，至今江南往往有之，俗呼为主簿虫。蝎常为
蜗所食，先以迹规之不复去。蝎前谓之螫，后谓之虿。日华子云∶蝎，平。
图经曰∶蝎，旧不着所出州土，注云出青州者良，今京东西及河、陕州郡皆有之。采无
时。
用之欲紧小者。今人捕得，皆火逼干死收之。方∶书谓之 。陶隐居《集验方》云∶蝎
有雌雄
用瓦屋
沟下泥敷之，或不值天雨泥，可汲新水从屋上淋下，取泥用。又可画地作十字，取上土，水
服五分匕。又云∶曾经螫毒痛苦不可忍，诸法疗不效，有人令以冷水渍指，亦渍手，即不痛
，水微暖复痛即易冷水。余处不可用冷水浸，则以故布榻之，小暖则易之，皆验。又有咒
禁法，今人亦能用之有应。古今治中风抽掣手足及小儿惊搐方∶多用蝎。《箧中方》治小儿
风痫
裹，
以微火炙干，渐加火烧令通赤，良久去火，待冷去泥，取中焦黑者细研。乳汁调半钱匕，灌
之便定。儿稍大，则以防风汤调末服之。
经验方∶治小儿惊风。用蝎一个，不去头尾，薄荷四叶裹合，火上炙令薄荷焦，同碾为
末，作
至小
者四十九枚，生姜如蝎大四十九片，二物铜器内，炒至生姜干为度，为末。都作一服，初夜
温酒
酒至醉，不妨。次日耳中如笙簧，即效。
衍义曰∶蝎，大人、小儿通用，治小惊风，不可缺也。有用全者，有只用稍者，稍力尤
功。
今青州山中石下捕得，慢火逼，或烈日中晒，蝎渴热时，乃与青泥食之，既满腹，以火逼杀
之
，故其色多赤，欲其体重而售之故也。医家用之，皆悉去土，如虿人，还能禁止之。自尝被
其毒，兄长禁而止，及令，故蜇终不痛，翰林禁科具矣。
蝎
味甘、辛，有毒。治疗各种风邪引起的瘾疹（皮肤瘙痒起红疹）以及中风，半身不遂，口眼歪斜，言语涩滞，手足抽搐掣动。形体紧小者药效佳。[出自青州者药效佳。（今附注）]
臣禹锡等谨按蜀本草记载：蝎，形体紧小的称为“虿”（此处原文可能有误或特指某种形态，段成式《酉阳杂俎》云：巨大的鼠负虫多化为蝎。蝎死后……江南地区过去没有蝎，开元初年曾有一位主簿用竹筒盛着蝎过江，至今江南往往有之，俗称为“主簿虫”。蝎常被蜗牛捕食，先用痕迹引诱它，它便不再离去。蝎的前端称为“螫”，后端称为“虿”。日华子云：蝎，性平。
《图经本草》说：蝎，旧籍未注明出产州土，注释说出自青州者药效佳，如今京东西路及河、陕州郡都有出产。采集没有固定时间。
使用想要形体紧小的。现在的人捕捉到后，都用火逼烤干死收藏。方书称之为“虿”。陶隐居《集验方》云：蝎有雌雄之分。用瓦屋沟下的泥敷在患处，或者遇到没下雨没有泥的时候，可以汲取新水从屋顶淋下，取其中的泥使用。也可以在地上画十字，取上面的土，用水调服五分匕。又说：曾经被蝎毒刺伤痛苦不可忍受，各种方法治疗无效，有人让用冷水浸泡手指，也浸泡手，就不痛了，水微暖又痛就换冷水。其他地方不能用冷水浸的，就用旧布垫着，稍暖就更换，都有效。又有咒禁法，现在人也能使用且有效。古今治疗中风手足抽搐及小儿惊搐的方子：多用蝎。《箧中方》治疗小儿风痫，包裹起来，用微火炙干，逐渐加火烧令通体赤红，很久后去掉火，待冷却去泥，取中间焦黑部分细研。用乳汁调半钱匕，灌服便安定。孩子稍大，则用防风汤调末服用。
经验方：治疗小儿惊风。用蝎一个，不去头尾，用四叶薄荷包裹，在火上炙令薄荷焦，一起碾为末，做成如粟米大小的药丸四十九枚，生姜如蝎大四十九片，两物在铜器内，炒至生姜干为度，研为末。全部作为一服，初夜温酒送服，喝醉也无妨。次日耳中如有笙簧声，即见效。
《衍义》说：蝎，大人、小儿通用，治疗小儿惊风，不可缺少。有用全蝎的，有只用蝎梢的，蝎梢效力尤其显著。
如今在青州山中石下捕捉到的，慢火逼烤，或在烈日中晒，蝎渴热时，给它青泥吃，既满腹，用火逼杀之，所以颜色多赤，想让它体重以售卖的缘故。医家用它，都去除泥土，如果被蝎刺伤，还能禁止其毒性发作。自己曾被其毒所伤，兄长禁止并止住，以及命令，故蜇终不痛，翰林禁科具备矣。
Scorpion (Quanxie)
Taste: Sweet, pungent. Toxicity: Toxic. Actions: Treats various wind-induced urticaria (skin itching with red rashes), stroke, hemiplegia, deviation of the mouth and eyes, slurred speech, and twitching or spasms of the hands and feet. Scorpions that are tight and small in form are superior. [Those from Qingzhou are considered superior. (Added note)]
Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to the Shu Bencao: Scorpions that are tight and small are called "Chai" (Note: The text mentions Duan Chengshi's *Youyang Zazu* stating that giant "Shufu" insects often transform into scorpions. After a scorpion dies... Jiangnan region previously had no scorpions; early in the Kaiyuan era, a Chief Clerk transported them across the river in bamboo tubes. To this day, they are often found in Jiangnan, commonly referred to as "Zhubu Chong" (Chief Clerk Insect). Scorpions are often eaten by snails; if lured by their trail first, they will not leave. The anterior part of the scorpion is called "Shi", and the posterior part is called "Chai". Ri Huazi states: Scorpion is neutral in nature.
*Tujing Bencao* states: Scorpion's place of origin was not noted in old records, but annotations mention those from Qingzhou are superior. Currently, they are found in Jingdongxi Circuit and He, Shan prefectures. There is no fixed time for collection.
For use, tight and small ones are desired. People now capture them and dry them to death using fire for storage. Medical texts refer to them as "Chai". Tao Hongjing's *Jiyan Fang* states: Scorpions have male and female distinctions. Apply mud from under tile roof gutters to the affected area. If there is no mud due to lack of rain, draw fresh water from the roof by pouring it down, and collect the resulting mud for use. Alternatively, draw a cross on the ground, take the soil from above, mix with water, and administer half a 'bi' measure orally. It is also stated that for unbearable pain from scorpion stings where other treatments fail, someone suggested soaking the finger and hand in cold water, which relieves pain; when the water warms slightly and pain returns, replace with cold water. In places where cold water immersion is not suitable, wrap the area with old cloth, changing it when it becomes slightly warm; all methods are effective. There is also an incantation/exorcism method, which people today can still use effectively. Ancient and modern formulas treating stroke-induced limb spasms and pediatric convulsions: mostly use scorpion. *Qie Zhong Fang* treats pediatric wind-phthisis (wind epilepsy): Wrap the scorpion, dry it over mild fire, gradually increase heat until it turns bright red, remove from fire after a long time, let cool, remove mud, take the charred black center, grind finely. Mix with milk juice, administer half a 'bi' measure orally to stop convulsions. For older children, mix powder with *Fangfeng* Decoction (Saposhnikoviae Radix Decoction) for oral administration.
Empirical Formula: Treats pediatric convulsive wind. Use one scorpion, without removing head or tail, wrap with four leaves of Mint (Bohe), roast on fire until mint is scorched, grind together into powder. Form pills the size of millet seeds, forty-nine in number. Take ginger slices the size of the scorpion, forty-nine pieces. Stir-fry both in a copper vessel until ginger is dry, then grind into powder. Take all as a single dose, warm wine at night, drinking to intoxication is acceptable. If the next day there is a sound like playing a sheng in the ears, it indicates efficacy.
*Yanyi* states: Scorpion is used for both adults and children, indispensable for treating pediatric convulsive wind. Some use the whole scorpion, some use only the tail tip (scorpion stinger); the tail tip has particularly potent effects.
Currently captured from under stones in Qingzhou mountains, dried slowly over fire or sun-dried. When the scorpion is thirsty and hot, feed it green mud; once its belly is full, kill it with fire. Hence, its color is often reddish, likely to increase weight for sale. Physicians use it, removing all dirt. If stung, one can still suppress the venom. Having been stung myself, my elder brother suppressed it and stopped the pain, and ordered me to do so, thus I did not feel pain upon being stung. The techniques of the Hanlin Academy for suppression are complete.