\r露蜂房\pd431.bmp\r
味苦，咸，平，有毒。主惊痫螈 ，寒热邪气，癫疾，鬼精蛊毒，肠痔，火熬之良
。又疗蜂毒，毒肿。一名蜂肠，一名百穿，一名蜂 （音窠）。生 山谷。七月七日采，
阴
干。（恶干姜、丹参、黄芩、芍药、牡蛎。）
陶隐居云∶此蜂房多在树腹中及地中，今此曰露蜂，当用人家屋间及树枝间苞裹者。乃
远举
，未解所以。唐本注云∶此蜂房，用树上悬得风露者。其蜂黄黑色，长寸许，趸马、牛
、人，乃至欲死者，用此皆有效，非人家屋下小小蜂房也。《别录》云∶乱发、蛇皮三味，
合烧灰，酒服方寸匕，日二，主诸恶疽，附骨痈，根在脏腑，历节肿出疔肿，恶脉诸毒皆
瘥。又，水煮露蜂房，一服五合汁，下乳石，热毒壅闷服之，小便中即下石末，大效。灰之
酒
服，主阴痿。水煮洗狐尿刺疮。服之，疗上气，赤白痢，遗尿失禁也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图
经云∶树上大黄蜂窠也。大者如瓮，小者如桶。今所在有，十一月、十二月采。药性论云∶
土
蜂房亦可单用，不入服食，能治臃肿不消，用醋、水调涂干即便易。日华子云∶露蜂房，微
毒。治牙齿疼，痢疾，乳痈，蜂叮，恶疮，即煎洗入药并炙用。
图经曰∶露蜂房，生 山谷，今处处山林中皆有之。此木上大黄蜂窠也。大者如瓮，
小者
如桶，其蜂黑色，长寸许，螫牛、马及人乃至欲死者，用此尤效。人家屋间亦往往有之，但
小
而力慢，不堪用，不若山林中得风露气者佳。古今方∶书治牙齿汤多用之，七月七日采。又
云∶十一月、十二月采者佳，亦解蛊毒，又主乳石发动，头痛，烦热口干，便旋赤少者，取
十
二分炙，以水二升，煮取八合，分温再服，当利小便，诸恶毒随便出。又，疗热病后毒瓦斯冲
目
，用半大两，水二升，同煎一升，重滤洗目三、四过。又，瘰 成痿作孔者，取二枚炙末，
腊月猪脂和涂孔上，瘥。
雷公云∶凡使，其窠有四件∶一名革蜂窠；二名石蜂窠；三名独蜂窠；四名草蜂窠是也。
大
者一丈二丈围，在大树膊者，内窠小膈六百二十个，围大者有一千二百四十个蜂。其窠粘木
蒂，是七姑木汁，盖是牛粪沫，隔是叶蕊。石蜂窠，只在人家屋上，大小如拳，色苍黑，内
有青色蜂二十一个，不然只有十四个，其盖是石垢，粘处是七姑木汁，隔是竹蛀。次有独蜂
窠，大小只如鹅卵大，皮浓苍黄色，是小蜂肉并蜂翅，盛向里只有一个蜂，大如小石燕子许
，人、马若遭螫着立亡。凡使革蜂窠，先须以鸦豆枕等同拌蒸，从巳至未出，去鸦豆枕了，
晒干用之。千金方∶蜂螫人，用蜂房末，猪膏和敷之。《杨氏产乳》∶蜂房煎汤洗亦得。又
方∶崩中，漏下青黄赤白，使人无子。蜂房末三指撮，酒服之，大神效。又方∶猝痫。蜂房
大
辛
各等分，含之即瘥。肘后方∶治苦鼻中外查瘤，脓水血出。蜂房，火炙焦末。酒服方寸匕，
日三
一枚，炙令黄赤色为末。每用一钱，腊月猪脂匀调敷疮上。经验方∶解药毒
蜂房、甘草等分，用麸炒令
黄色，去麸为末。水二碗，煎至八分，一碗令温，临
瘾疹方∶以水煮蜂房，取二
升入芒硝敷上，日五
度，即瘥。食医心镜∶小儿喉痹肿痛。蜂房烧灰，以乳汁和一钱匕服。简要济众∶治妇人乳
痈汁不
妒乳。方∶蜂房烧灰，研。每服二钱，水一中盏，煎至六分，去滓温服。
蜂房烧灰，细研，酒和为膏。
敷儿舌下，日三、四次用之。胜金方∶治小
烧为灰。每服一字，饭饮下。
广利方∶治头痛，
利小便，诸恶石毒随小
又方∶治热病后，毒瓦斯冲目痛。蜂房半两，水二升，煮取一升，重滤洗目，日三、
四度。治赤白翳。集验方∶治风气客于皮肤，瘙痒不已。蜂房炙过，蝉蜕等分，为末。酒调
一
秘录∶小儿赤白痢。蜂房烧末，饮服。又方∶小儿大小便不通。蜂房
服。又方∶小儿脐风湿肿久
不瘥。烧末敷之。
衍义曰∶露蜂房，有两种，一种小而其色淡黄，窠长六、七寸至一尺者，阔二、三寸，
如蜜
下垂，一边是房，多在丛木郁翳之中，世谓之牛舌蜂。又一种或在高木上，或屋之下，外作
固，如三、四斗许，小者亦一斗，中有窠，如瓠之状，由此得名。蜂色赤黄，其形大于诸
蜂，世谓之元（本音犯圣祖讳，今改为元。）瓠蜂。《蜀本·图经》言十一月、十二月采者，
应避生息之时也。今人用露蜂房，兼用此两种。
露蜂房
味苦、咸，性平，有毒。主治惊痫抽搐（指因受惊或热盛引起的肢体抽搐）、寒热邪气、癫疾（精神失常疾病）、鬼精蛊毒（古代对某些疑难杂症或寄生虫病的迷信称呼）、肠痔（肠道痔疮），用火熬制后使用效果良好。又能治疗蜂蜇伤及毒肿。又名蜂肠，又名百穿，又名蜂窠（音同“科”）。生长在山谷中。七月七日采集，阴干。（忌与干姜、丹参、黄芩、芍药、牡蛎同用。）
陶隐居说：这种蜂房多在树腹中和地中，现在所说的“露蜂房”，应当是指人家屋檐间及树枝间包裹着的蜂房。这说法过于远举，未解其所以然。《唐本草》注解说：这种蜂房，要用挂在树上经受风露的。这种蜂黄黑色，长约一寸左右，蜇马、牛、人，甚至让人痛欲死，用此蜂房都有效，不是人家屋下那种小小的蜂房。《名医别录》说：将乱发、蛇皮和露蜂房三味药合烧成灰，用酒送服一方寸匕，每日两次，主治各种恶疽、附骨痈（深部脓肿，根在脏腑）、历节肿痛出疔疮、恶脉及各种毒疮都能痊愈。另外，水煮露蜂房，服用五合汁，可排出石药（矿物类药物）引起的热毒壅闷，小便中即排出石末，效果显著。将其烧灰后用酒送服，主治阳痿。用水煮汁洗狐尿刺疮。服用它，可治疗上气咳逆、赤白痢疾、遗尿失禁。臣禹锡等人谨按《蜀本图经》说：这是树上的大黄蜂巢。大的像瓮，小的像桶。各地都有，十一月、十二月采集。《药性论》说：土蜂房也可以单用，不用于服食养生，能治疗臃肿不消，用醋和水调涂，干了就换。日华子说：露蜂房微毒。治疗牙齿疼、痢疾、乳痈（乳腺炎）、蜂叮咬、恶疮，煎汤外洗或入药均需炙用。
《图经》说：露蜂房生长在山谷中，如今处处山林中都有。这是木上的大黄蜂巢。大的像瓮，小的像桶，这种蜂黑色，长约一寸，蜇牛、马和人甚至让人痛欲死，用此尤效。人家屋檐间也往往有，但小而力慢，不堪使用，不如山林中经受风露气的佳。古今方书治牙齿痛的汤剂多用之，七月七日采集。又说：十一月、十二月采集的更佳，也能解蛊毒，又主治石药发动引起的头痛、烦热口干、小便短赤者，取十二分炙过的，用水二升，煮取八合，分两次温服，应当通利小便，各种恶毒随小便排出。另外，治疗热病后毒瓦斯冲眼，用半两大，水二升，同煎至一升，过滤后洗眼三四次。另外，瘰疬溃烂成孔的，取两枚炙研末，腊月猪脂调和涂于孔上，可愈。
雷公说：凡使用，其巢有四类：一名革蜂巢；二名石蜂巢；三名独蜂巢；四名草蜂巢。大的一丈二丈围，在大树干上的，内巢小隔六百二十个，围大的有一千二百四十个蜂。其巢粘在木蒂上，是用七姑木汁，盖是牛粪沫，间隔是叶蕊。石蜂巢，只在人家屋上，大小如拳，色苍黑，内有青色蜂二十一个，不然只有十四个，其盖是石垢，粘处是七姑木汁，间隔是竹蛀。其次有独蜂巢，大小只如鹅卵大，皮厚苍黄色，是小蜂肉并蜂翅，盛向里只有一个蜂，大如小石燕子许，人、马如果被蜇立刻死亡。凡使用革蜂巢，先须以鸦豆枕等同拌蒸，从巳时至未时取出，去掉鸦豆枕了，晒干使用。《千金方》：蜂蜇人，用蜂房末，猪膏调和敷之。《杨氏产乳》：蜂房煎汤洗也可。又一方：崩漏，漏下青黄赤白，使人不孕。蜂房末三指撮，酒送服，大神效。又一方：猝然癫痫。蜂房与大辛各等分，含之即愈。《肘后方》：治疗苦于鼻中外生瘤，脓水血出。蜂房，火炙焦研末。酒送服一方寸匕，每日三次一枚，炙令黄赤色为末。每用一钱，腊月猪脂匀调敷疮上。《经验方》：解药毒。蜂房、甘草等分，用麸炒令黄色，去麸为末。水二碗，煎至八分，一碗令温，临……瘾疹方：以水煮蜂房，取二升入芒硝敷上，日五度，即愈。《食医心镜》：小儿喉痹肿痛。蜂房烧灰，以乳汁和一钱匕服。《简要济众》：治妇人乳痈汁不妒乳。方：蜂房烧灰，研。每服二钱，水一中盏，煎至六分，去滓温服。蜂房烧灰，细研，酒和为膏。敷儿舌下，日三、四次用之。《胜金方》：治小儿……烧为灰。每服一字，饭饮下。《广利方》：治头痛，利小便，诸恶石毒随小便出。又方：治热病后，毒瓦斯冲目痛。蜂房半两，水二升，煮取一升，重滤洗目，日三、四度。治赤白翳。《集验方》：治风气客于皮肤，瘙痒不已。蜂房炙过，蝉蜕等分，为末。酒调一……《秘录》：小儿赤白痢。蜂房烧末，饮服。又方：小儿大小便不通。蜂房……服。又方：小儿脐风湿肿久不瘥。烧末敷之。
《衍义》说：露蜂房有两种，一种小而其色淡黄，巢长六、七寸至一尺者，阔二、三寸，如蜜下垂，一边是房，多在丛木郁翳之中，世谓之牛舌蜂。又一种或在高木上，或屋之下，外作固，如三、四斗许，小者亦一斗，中有巢，如瓠之状，由此得名。蜂色赤黄，其形大于诸蜂，世谓之元（本音犯圣祖讳，今改为元。）瓠蜂。《蜀本·图经》言十一月、十二月采者，应避生息之时也。今人用露蜂房，兼用此两种。
Lufengfang (Honeycomb of the Exposed Bee)
Taste: Bitter, Salty. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Toxic. Indications: Mainly treats Jingxian convulsions (convulsions caused by fright or excessive heat), pathogenic cold-heat, Dianji (mental disorders), Guijing Gudu (superstitious terms for certain difficult diseases or parasitic infections), Changzhi (intestinal hemorrhoids). It is best when roasted over fire. It also treats bee stings and toxic swelling. Also known as Fengchang, Baichuan, and Fengke (pronounced "Ke"). Grows in mountain valleys. Harvested on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, dried in the shade. (Contraindicated with Ganjiang [Dried Ginger], Danshen [Salvia miltiorrhiza], Huangqin [Scutellaria baicalensis], Shaoyao [Peony root], and Muli [Oyster shell].)
Tao Hongjing stated: This type of honeycomb is mostly found inside tree trunks and in the ground. The term "exposed honeycomb" currently refers to those wrapped in eaves of houses and among branches. This description is too remote and its rationale is unclear. The annotation in *Bencao Shiyi* (*Supplement to Materia Medica*) states: For this honeycomb, one should use those hanging on trees exposed to wind and dew. The bees are yellowish-black, about one cun long. They can sting horses, cattle, and humans, causing pain almost unto death, but using this honeycomb is effective. It is not the small honeycombs under human dwellings. *Bie Lu* (Record of Distinct Medicinals) states: Mix Lufa (shredded hair), Shepi (snake skin), and these three ingredients together, roast them into ash, and take a fangcunbi (a measure equivalent to a square inch) with wine, twice daily. It treats various severe carbuncles, Fugu yong (deep bone abscesses rooted in internal organs), Li jie zhongchu dingzhong (joint swelling and carbuncle emergence), E mai (malignant veins) and all kinds of toxic sores, leading to recovery. Additionally, decocting Lufengfang in water and taking five he of the juice can expel the heat toxicity caused by mineral drugs (Shishi), resulting in the excretion of stone powder in urine, with great efficacy. Taking it roasted and mixed with wine treats Yangwei (impotence). Washing fox urine刺疮 (sores from fox urine irritation) with the decoction. Ingesting it treats Shangqi (rebellious Qi/cough), Chi Bai li (dysentery with red and white discharge), and Yi ni shijin (enuresis and incontinence).
Minister Yuxi and others noted according to *Shu Ben Tu Jing*: This is the large yellow bee nest on trees. Large ones are like urns, small ones like buckets. They are available everywhere, harvested in November and December. *Yao Xing Lun* states: Tufengfang (earth bee nest) can also be used alone, not for health-preserving consumption. It treats persistent swelling; apply with vinegar and water mixture, changing when dry. Rihua Zi stated: Lufengfang has slight toxicity. It treats toothache, dysentery, Ruyong (mastitis), bee bites, and malignant sores. It should be roasted before decocting for washing or internal use.
*TU Jing* states: Lufengfang grows in valleys and is now found in forests everywhere. This is the large yellow bee nest on wood. Large ones are like urns, small ones like buckets. The bees are black, about one cun long. They sting cattle, horses, and humans, causing near-death pain; using this is particularly effective. They are often found under house eaves, but they are small and weak, unsuitable for use. Those exposed to wind and dew in mountains and forests are superior. Ancient and modern prescriptions for toothache soups often use it, harvested on the seventh day of the seventh month. It is also said that those harvested in November and December are better. It resolves Gu poison and treats headache, irritability, fever, dry mouth, and scanty red urine caused by the activation of mineral drugs. Take 12 fen of roasted pieces, decoct in two sheng of water until eight he remains, divide into two warm doses. It promotes urination, allowing various toxins to exit via urine. Additionally, for post-febrile toxin attacking the eyes, use half a liang, decoct in two sheng of water until one sheng remains, filter heavily, and wash the eyes three or four times. For Luoli (scrofula) ulcerated into holes, take two pieces, roast and powder them, mix with pig fat from the twelfth lunar month, and apply to the hole for cure.
Lei Gong stated: There are four types of nests: Ge feng ke (leather bee nest), Shi feng ke (stone bee nest), Du feng ke (single bee nest), and Cao feng ke (grass bee nest). The large ones have a circumference of one or two zhang, attached to large tree trunks, with 620 internal compartments, or up to 1240 compartments in larger ones. The nest adheres to the wood base with Qigu wood sap, covered with cow dung foam, separated by leaf veins. Shi feng ke is only on house roofs, fist-sized, dark grey-black, containing 21 green bees, or sometimes 14. The cover is lime scale, adhesion is Qigu wood sap, separation is bamboo borings. Next is Du feng ke, egg-sized, thick pale yellow skin, containing only one bee inside, size like a small swallow stone. If humans or horses are stung, they die immediately. When processing Ge feng ke, steam it with Ya dou zhen (crow bean pillow) from Si hour to Wei hour, remove the beans, dry, and use. *Qian Jin Fang*: For bee stings, apply powder mixed with pig lard. *Yang Shi Chan Ru*: Washing with decocted Lufengfang soup is acceptable. Another prescription: For Beng zhong (uterine bleeding) and Lou xia (leukorrhea) of green, yellow, red, or white colors causing infertility, take three finger-pinches of Lufengfang powder, taken with wine, highly effective. Another prescription: Sudden epilepsy. Equal parts of Lufengfang and Da Xin, hold in mouth for cure. *Zhou Hou Fang*: Treats nasal tumors with pus, water, and blood discharge. Roast Lufengfang until charred and powdered. Take one fangcunbi with wine, three times daily. Roast until yellow-red, powder. Use one qian, mix evenly with pig fat from the twelfth lunar month, apply to sore. *Jing Yan Fang*: Resolve drug toxicity. Equal parts Lufengfang and Gancao, stir-fry with bran until yellow, remove bran, powder. Decoct two bowls of water until eight parts remain, drink one bowl warm... Yin zhen prescription: Boil Lufengfang, add Mangxiao (Mirabilite) to the two sheng, apply externally, five times daily, for cure. *Shi Yi Xin Jing*: Pediatric throat bi (obstruction) with swelling and pain. Burn Lufengfang to ash, mix with milk and one qianbi, ingest. *Jian Yao Ji Zhong*: Treats women's Ruyong with insufficient lactation. Prescription: Burn Lufengfang to ash, grind. Take two qian, decoct in one zhong of water until six parts remain, strain, drink warm. Burn Lufengfang to ash, finely grind, mix with wine to make paste. Apply under infant's tongue, three to four times daily. *Sheng Jin Fang*: Treats pediatric... burn to ash. Take one zi, swallow with rice drink. *Guang Li Fang*: Treats headache, promotes urination, expels various toxic stones via urine. Another prescription: Post-febrile toxin attacking painful eyes. Half liang of Lufengfang, two sheng of water, decoct to one sheng, filter heavily, wash eyes three to four times daily. Treats Chi Bai yi (red and white corneal opacities). *Ji Yan Fang*: Treats wind-pathogen lodged in skin causing persistent itching. Roast Lufengfang, equal parts Chan tui (cicada slough), powder. Mix with wine... *Mi Lu*: Pediatric red and white dysentery. Burn Lufengfang to powder, take with water. Another prescription: Pediatric urinary/fecal retention... take... Another prescription: Pediatric umbilical damp-heat swelling persisting... burn to powder, apply.
*Yan Yi* states: There are two types of Lufengfang. One is small, pale yellow, nest length 6-7 cun to one chi, width 2-3 cun, hanging like honey, with cells on one side, mostly in dense shrubs, commonly called Niushé feng (ox-tongue bee). The other is on high trees or under eaves, outer structure solid, volume 3-4 dou, small ones one dou, inner nest shaped like a gourd, hence the name. Bees are reddish-yellow, larger than other bees, commonly called Yuan (originally pronounced to avoid ancestral taboo, now changed to Yuan) Hu feng (gourd bee). *Shu Ben Tu Jing* mentions harvesting in November and December to avoid their breeding time. Nowadays, people use both types of Lufengfang.