\r鸬 屎\pd416.bmp\r
一名蜀水花。去面黑 痣。
头 微寒。主鲠及噎。烧服之。
陶隐居云∶溪谷间甚多见之，当自取其屎，择用白处。市卖不可信。骨亦主鱼鲠。此鸟
不卵
生，口吐其雏，独为一异。臣禹锡等谨按陈藏器云∶鸬 ，本功外，主易产，临时令产妇
执之。此鸟胎生，仍从口出，如兔吐儿，二物产同，其疗亦一。又其类有二种，头细身长顶
上
白者名鱼蚊。杜台卿《淮赋》云∶鸬 吐雏于八九， 衔翼而低昂。药性论云∶蜀水花亦
可单用，鸬 鸟粪是。有毒，能去面上 。日华子云∶冷，微毒。疗面瘢疵及汤火疮痕。
和脂油调敷疔疮。
图经曰∶鸬 屎，《本经》不载所出州土，今水乡皆有之。此鸟胎生，从口中吐雏，如
兔子
类。故杜台卿《淮赋》云∶鸬 吐雏于八九， 衔翼而低昂是也。产妇临蓐令执之，则易
生
。其屎多在山石上，紫色如花，就石上刮取用之。南人用治小儿疳蛔，干碾为末，炙猪肉点
与啖，有奇功。《本经》名蜀水花。而唐面膏方，有使鸬 屎，又使蜀水花者，安得一物
而两用，未知其的，别有一种似鸬 ，而头细，背长，项上有白者名白鲛，不堪药用。
圣惠方∶治鼻面酒 。用鸬 粪一合研，以腊月猪脂和，每夜敷之。外台秘要治鱼骨
鲠。
口称鸬 则下。又方∶治断酒。鸬 粪灰，水服方寸匕。孙真人治噎欲发时，衔鸬 嘴，遂
下。《外台秘要》同。
衍义曰∶鸬 ，陶隐居云∶此鸟不卵生，口吐其雏。今人谓之水老鸦，巢于大木，群集，
宿
处有常，久则木枯，以其粪毒也。怀妊者不敢食，为其口吐其雏。陈藏器复云∶使易产，临
时
令产妇执之，与陶相戾。尝官于澧州，公宇后有大木一株，其上有三、四十巢。日夕观之，
既能交合，兼有卵壳布地，其色碧。岂得雏吐口中？是全未考寻，可见当日听人之误言也。
鸬鹚屎
又名蜀水花。能去除面部的黑痣。
性味微寒。主治鱼刺卡喉及噎膈。将其烧成灰后服用。
陶隐居说：在溪谷间非常常见，应当自行收集其粪便，挑选白色的部分使用。市场上售卖的不可信。鸬鹚的骨头也能主治鱼刺卡喉。这种鸟不通过产卵繁殖，而是从口中吐出雏鸟，这确实是独特的奇异之处。臣禹锡等人谨按陈藏器所说：鸬鹚屎，除了原有功效外，还能促进分娩，临产时让产妇手持它。这种鸟是胎生的，仍然从口中产出，就像兔子吐崽一样，这两种动物生产方式相同，其疗效也一致。另外它的种类有两种，头细身长、头顶白色的名叫“鱼蚊”。杜台卿《淮赋》中说：“鸬鹚在八九月份吐出雏鸟，衔着翅膀高低飞翔。”《药性论》说：蜀水花也可以单独使用，即鸬鹚鸟粪。有毒，能去除面上的瘢痕。日华子说：性冷，微毒。治疗面部瘢痕及烫伤火疮留下的痕迹。用猪脂油调和敷于疔疮上。
《图经》说：鸬鹚屎，《本经》未记载其出产州土，现在水乡都有这种鸟。这种鸟是胎生的，从口中吐出雏鸟，像兔子一类。所以杜台卿《淮赋》中说：“鸬鹚在八九月份吐出雏鸟，衔着翅膀高低飞翔”，就是这个意思。产妇临盆时让它拿着，就容易生产。它的粪便多在山石上，紫色如花，就在石头上刮取使用。南方人用它治疗小儿疳积蛔虫，干碾成粉末，烤猪肉蘸着给患儿吃，有奇效。《本经》名为蜀水花。而唐代的面膏方中，有的用鸬鹚屎，有的用蜀水花，怎么能一种东西有两种用途呢？不知道确切情况，另有类似鸬鹚的一种鸟，头细背长，项上有白色斑纹的叫“白鲛”，不堪药用。
《圣惠方》：治疗鼻部酒渣鼻（鼻面酒）。用鸬鹚粪一合研磨，用腊月猪脂调和，每晚敷之。《外台秘要》治疗鱼骨卡喉。口中含称鸬鹚名则骨下。又一方：治疗戒断酒瘾。用鸬鹚粪灰，用水送服一方寸匕。孙真人治疗噎膈欲发作时，让患者衔住鸬鹚嘴，随即缓解。《外台秘要》与此相同。
《衍义》说：鸬鹚，陶隐居说：这种鸟不产卵，从口中吐出雏鸟。现在人叫它水老鸦，巢筑在大树上，成群聚集，栖息处固定，久了树木枯死，因为它的粪便有毒。孕妇不敢吃，因为它从口中吐出雏鸟。陈藏器又说：用来促进易产，临产时让产妇手持它，这与陶弘景的说法相矛盾。我曾经在澧州做官，公署后面有一棵大树，上面有三四十个巢。早晚观察，既能交配，地上还有碧绿色的卵壳。怎么能说是从口中吐出雏鸟呢？完全是没有考证，可见当时听信了别人的误传。
Cormorant Feces
Also known as Shu Shuihua (Shu Water Flower). It can remove black moles on the face.
Nature and Flavor: Slightly Cold. Main indications: Esophageal obstruction by foreign bodies (such as fish bones) and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). Burn it into ash and take orally.
Tao Hongjing stated: It is very common in streams and valleys; one should collect its feces personally and select the white parts for use. Those sold in the market are unreliable. The bones of this bird also treat esophageal obstruction by fish bones. This bird does not reproduce by laying eggs but vomits out its young from its mouth, which is indeed a unique anomaly. Minister Yuxi et al., according to Chen Cangqi, noted that Cormorant Feces, in addition to its original efficacy, can facilitate childbirth; at the time of delivery, let the parturient hold it. This bird is viviparous and still gives birth through the mouth, similar to rabbits giving birth. These two animals share the same reproductive method, and their therapeutic effects are also consistent. Furthermore, there are two types of this bird: those with slender heads, long bodies, and white crowns are named "Yuwen" (Fish Mosquito). Du Taiqing's *Huai Fu* states: "In the eighth and ninth months, cormorants vomit out their young, holding their wings and flying high and low." *Yaoxing Lun* states: Shu Shuihua can also be used alone, which refers to cormorant bird feces. It is toxic and can remove facial scars. Ri Huazi stated: It is cold in nature and slightly toxic. It treats facial blemishes and marks left by scalds and burns. Mix with lard and apply topically to carbuncles.
*Tujing* states: Cormorant Feces, not recorded in the *Ben Jing* regarding its place of origin, is now found in water regions. This bird is viviparous and vomits out its young from its mouth, resembling rabbits. Thus, Du Taiqing's *Huai Fu* states: "In the eighth and ninth months, cormorants vomit out their young, holding their wings and flying high and low," referring to this phenomenon. When a woman is in labor, having her hold it facilitates easy delivery. Its feces are mostly found on mountain rocks, purple like flowers; scrape them off the rocks for use. Southerners use it to treat pediatric malnutrition with roundworms; dry it, grind into powder, dip roasted pork in it, and feed it to the child, yielding miraculous results. The *Ben Jing* names it Shu Shuihua. However, Tang dynasty facial cream formulas sometimes use Cormorant Feces and sometimes Shu Shuihua; how can one substance have two uses? The exact situation is unknown. There is another bird similar to the cormorant, with a slender head, long back, and white markings on the neck, called "Baijiao" (White Shark), which is unsuitable for medicinal use.
*Shenghui Fang*: Treats rhinophyma (nasal acne/rosacea). Use one he of Cormorant Feces, ground up, mixed with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and applied nightly. *Waitai Miyao* treats esophageal obstruction by fish bones. Calling out the name "cormorant" causes the bone to pass. Another prescription: Treats alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Take Cormorant Feces ash, administered with water, one cubic inch spoonful. Sun Simiao treated impending dysphagia attacks by having the patient hold a cormorant's beak in their mouth, after which the condition subsided. *Waitai Miyao* concurs.
*Yanyi* states: Regarding the cormorant, Tao Hongjing said: This bird does not lay eggs but vomits out its young. People now call it the "Water Crow." It nests in large trees, gathering in flocks, with fixed roosting spots. Over time, the trees wither due to the toxicity of its feces. Pregnant women dare not eat it because it vomits out its young. Chen Cangqi further claimed it facilitates easy childbirth, suggesting parturients hold it, which contradicts Tao's account. I once served as an official in Lizhou. Behind the government office stood a large tree with thirty or forty nests. Observing day and night, I saw they could mate, and green eggshells were scattered on the ground. How could they vomit young from their mouths? This was entirely unverified, showing that people at that time believed erroneous reports.