\r鼠李\pd372.bmp\r
主寒热，瘰 疮。
其皮 味苦，微寒，无毒。主除身皮热毒。一名牛李，一名鼠梓，一名 （音卑）。
生田野，采无时。
唐本注云∶此药一名赵李，一名皂李，一名乌槎。树皮主诸疮，寒热毒痹。子主牛马六
畜疮中虫，或生捣敷之，或
和脂涂，皆效。子味苦，采取晒干，九蒸。酒渍服三合，日再，能下血及碎肉，除疝瘕积冷
气，大良。皮、子俱有小毒。臣禹锡等谨按日华子云∶味苦，凉，
微毒。治水肿，皮主风痹。
图经曰∶鼠李，即乌巢子也。《本经》不载所出州土，但云生田野，今蜀川多有之。枝、
叶
KT黑，其汁紫色，味甘、苦，实熟时采，晒干。九蒸，酒渍服，能下
一名牛李。刘禹锡《传信方》
主大人口中疳疮并发背，万不失一。用山
升，以水五大斗，煎至半日
以来，汁浓，即于银、铜器中盛之，重汤煎至一、二升，看稍稠，即于瓷瓶子中盛。少少温
含咽之，必瘥。忌酱、醋、
油腻、热面，大约不宜食肉。如患发背，重汤煎令极稠，和如膏，以帛涂之疮上，神效。襄
州军事柳岸妻窦氏患口疳十
五年，齿尽落，龈亦断坏，不可近，用此方∶遂瘥。
食疗云微寒。主腹胀满。其根有毒，煮浓汁含之治 齿。并疳虫蚀人脊骨者，可煮浓汁
灌之良。其肉，主胀满谷胀，
和面作饼子，空心食之，少时当泻。其煮根汁，亦空心服一盏，治
衍义曰∶鼠李，即牛李子也。木高七、八尺，叶如李，但狭而不泽。子于条上四边生，
熟则紫黑色，生则青。叶至
秋则落，子尚在枝。是处皆有，故《经》不言所出处。今关陕及湖南、江南北甚多。木皮与
子两用。
鼠李
主治寒热往来，瘰疬疮疡。
其树皮味苦，性微寒，无毒。主治清除体表皮肤的热毒。又名牛李，又名鼠梓，又名（音同“卑”）。
生长于田野之间，采集没有固定时间。
《唐本草》注解说：这种药又名赵李，又名皂李，又名乌槎。树皮主治各种疮疡、寒热毒邪及痹症。果实主治牛马等六畜疮中的虫患，可以生捣后外敷，或者与油脂混合涂抹，都有疗效。果实味苦，采取后晒干，经过九次蒸制。用酒浸泡后服用三合，每日两次，能排出瘀血及碎肉，消除疝气、癥瘕积聚及冷气，效果很好。树皮和果实都有小毒。臣禹锡等人谨按《日华子诸家本草》记载：味苦，性凉，微毒。治疗水肿，树皮主治风痹。
《图经本草》说：鼠李，就是乌巢子。《神农本草经》未记载其出产的州县，只说生长在田野，如今四川地区多有出产。枝条和叶子呈黑色，其汁液为紫色，味道甘、苦，果实成熟时采集，晒干。经过九次蒸制，用酒浸泡服用，能排出……（原文此处似有缺漏或异文，结合下文刘禹锡方推测可能指下血或类似功效，但依原文直译）又名牛李。刘禹锡《传信方》记载：主治大人人口中疳疮并发发背疽，万无一失。使用山……（原文此处似有缺漏，结合上下文应为鼠李根或皮），用水五大斗，煎煮至半日，剩下汁液浓稠，随即盛放在银器或铜器中，隔水重煎至一、二升，观察稍微变稠，就盛放在瓷瓶中。少量温热含咽，必定痊愈。忌食酱、醋、油腻食物、热面，大致不宜吃肉。如果患有发背疽，隔水重煎至极稠，调和如膏状，用帛布涂在疮上，神效。襄州军事判官柳岸的妻子窦氏患有口疳十五年，牙齿全部脱落，牙龈也断裂毁坏，不可靠近，使用此方……于是痊愈。
《食疗本草》说：性微寒。主治腹胀满。其根部有毒，煮成浓汁含漱可治疗齿槽脓漏。以及疳虫侵蚀人脊骨的情况，可以煮浓汁灌服，效果良好。其果肉，主治胀满、谷道胀满，和面做成饼子，空腹食用，不久应当腹泻。其煮根的汁液，也可空腹服用一盏，治疗……（原文此处似有缺漏，通常治消渴或类似病症，依原文留白或意译为治疗相关病症）。
《衍义》说：鼠李，就是牛李子。树木高七、八尺，叶子像李树，只是狭长而不润泽。果实生在枝条四周，成熟时呈紫黑色，未成熟时呈青色。叶子到秋天就掉落，果实还在枝头。到处都有，所以《本草经》不记载其出处。如今关陕及湖南、江南江北很多地方都有。木皮和果实两者都入药。
Rhamni Cortex (Shuli)
Indicated for alternating cold and fever, scrofula (Luo Li), and sores.
The bark tastes bitter, is slightly cold in nature, and is non-toxic. It is indicated for eliminating heat toxins from the skin of the body. Also known as Niuli, also known as Shuzi, also known as [Bei] (pronounced "bei").
Grows in fields and open country; it can be harvested at any time.
Note from *Tang Bencao*: This herb is also known as Zhaoli, also known as Zaoli, also known as Wucha. The bark is indicated for various sores, heat-toxin bi-syndrome, and alternating cold and fever. The fruit is indicated for worms in sores of cattle, horses, and other livestock; it can be applied externally after being crushed fresh, or mixed with fat and smeared, both methods are effective. The fruit tastes bitter; after harvesting and sun-drying, it is steamed nine times. Soaked in wine and taken three he (a traditional unit of volume), twice a day, it can expel blood clots and necrotic tissue, eliminate hernia, mass accumulation (Zheng Jia), and accumulated cold qi, which is highly beneficial. Both the bark and fruit have slight toxicity. Minister Yuxi et al. respectfully note according to *Rihua Zi*: It tastes bitter, is cool in nature, and slightly toxic. It treats edema; the bark treats wind-bi syndrome.
*Tu Jing* states: Shuli is the same as Wuchaozi. *Ben Jing* does not record its place of origin, only stating that it grows in fields; currently, it is abundant in Sichuan. The branches and leaves are black, its juice is purple, and it tastes sweet and bitter. Harvested when fruits are ripe, sun-dried. Steamed nine times, soaked in wine and taken, it can expel... [Text fragment missing/unclear in source]. Also known as Niuli. Liu Yuxi's *Chuan Xin Fang* records: It is indicated for adults suffering from mouth gan-sores complicated by carbuncles on the back (Fa Bei), with a success rate of ten out of ten. Use Shan... [Text fragment missing], with five dou of water, decoct until half a day has passed, leaving thick juice. Immediately store in silver or copper vessels, re-decoct over water until one to two sheng remain. When slightly thickened, store in porcelain bottles. Take small amounts, warm, hold in mouth and swallow; cure is certain. Avoid soy sauce, vinegar, greasy foods, hot noodles, and generally avoid meat. If suffering from Fa Bei, re-decoct over water until extremely thick, mix into a paste, apply to the sore using cloth; this is miraculous. Dou Shi, wife of Liu An, Military Officer of Xiangzhou, suffered from mouth gan for fifteen years; her teeth fell out completely, gums broke and rotted, making it unbearable to approach. Using this prescription... she was cured.
*Shi Liao* states: Slightly cold. Indicated for abdominal distension and fullness. Its root is toxic; decocting a strong juice and holding it in the mouth treats periodontal issues. For cases where gan-worms erode the human spinal column, decocting a strong juice and administering it orally is beneficial. Its flesh is indicated for distension and grain-distension; mixed with flour to make cakes, eaten on an empty stomach, it will cause diarrhea shortly after. The decocted root juice can also be taken on an empty stomach, one zhan, to treat... [Text fragment missing].
*Yan Yi* states: Shuli is the same as Niuzi. The tree is seven to eight chi high; leaves resemble those of the plum tree but are narrower and less glossy. Fruits grow around the branches; they are purple-black when ripe and green when unripe. Leaves fall in autumn, while fruits remain on the branches. It is found everywhere, hence *Jing* does not specify its origin. Currently, it is very abundant in Guan-Shaanxi, Hunan, Jiangnan, and north of the Yangtze. Both the bark and fruit are used medicinally.