体象 弦如琴弦，轻虚而滑；端直以长，指下挺然。
主病 弦为肝风，主痛主疟，主痰主饮。弦在左寸，心中
必痛。弦在右寸，胸及头疼。左关弦见，痰疟 瘕。右关弦见，胃寒膈痛。左尺逢弦，饮在下焦。右
尺逢弦，足挛疝痛。
兼脉 浮弦支饮，沉弦悬饮。弦数多热，弦迟多寒。弦大
主虚，弦细拘急。阳弦头痛，阴弦腹痛。单弦饮癖，双弦寒痼。
【按】弦之为义，如琴弦之挺直而略带长也。在八卦为震，在五行为木，在四时为春，在五脏为肝。经
曰∶“少阳之气温和软弱，故脉为弦。”岐伯曰∶“春脉肝也，东方木也，万物之所以始生也。故其气来濡弱，
轻虚而滑，端直以长，故曰弦。反此者病。其气来实而强，此为太过，病在外；其气来不实而微，此为不及，
病在中。太过则令人善怒，忽忽眩冒而巅疾；不及则令人胸胁痛引背，两胁胀满。”又曰∶“肝脉来濡弱迢
迢，如揭长竿末梢，曰肝平。”又曰∶“肝脉来盈实而滑，如循长竿，曰肝病。肝
脉来急而益劲，如张弓弦，曰肝死。”弦脉与长脉，皆主春令，但弦为初春之象，阳中之阴，天气犹寒，故如
琴弦之端直而挺然，稍带一分之紧急也；长为暮春之象，纯属于阳，绝无寒意，故如木干之迢直以长，纯是发
生之气象也。戴同父云∶“弦而软，其病轻；弦而硬，其病重。”深契《内经》之旨。两关俱弦，谓之双弦；
若不能食，为木来克土，土已负也，必不可治。《素问》云∶“端直以长。”叔和云∶“如张弓弦。”巢氏
云∶“按之不移，察察如按琴瑟弦。”戴同父云∶“从中直过，挺然指下。”诸家之论弦脉，可谓深切着明
矣。高阳生乃言“时时带数”，又言“脉紧状绳牵”，则是紧脉之象，安在其弦脉之义哉！
【体象】弦脉的形态像琴弦一样，轻按感觉虚滑；脉形端直且长，手指下感觉挺拔有力。
【主病】弦脉对应肝风，主要主痛证、疟疾、痰饮和停饮。如果弦脉出现在左寸部，心中必定疼痛。弦脉出现在右寸部，胸部和头部会疼痛。左关部出现弦脉，提示有痰饮、疟疾或腹内结块（瘕）。右关部出现弦脉，提示胃寒和膈部疼痛。左尺部遇到弦脉，提示水饮停滞在下焦。右尺部遇到弦脉，提示足部痉挛和疝气疼痛。
【兼脉】浮弦脉主支饮，沉弦脉主悬饮。弦数脉多属热证，弦迟脉多属寒证。弦大脉主虚证，弦细脉主拘挛急迫。阳位（上部）见弦脉致头痛，阴位（下部）见弦脉致腹痛。单侧见弦脉主饮邪积聚，双侧见弦脉主寒性顽固性疾病。
【按语】弦脉的含义，就像琴弦那样挺直且略带长度。在八卦中属于震卦，在五行中属木，在四季中对应春季，在五脏中对应肝脏。经典记载：“少阳之气温和软弱，所以脉象表现为弦。”岐伯说：“春脉对应肝脏，属东方木，是万物开始生长的时节。所以其气来势濡弱，轻虚而滑，端直且长，所以称为弦。与此相反的就是病脉。如果脉气来势坚实强劲，这是太过，病在体表；如果脉气来势不实微弱，这是不及，病在体内。太过则使人容易发怒，恍惚眩晕并导致头顶疾病；不及则使人胸胁疼痛牵引背部，两胁胀满。”又说：“肝脉来势濡弱悠长，如同高举长竿的末梢，这叫做肝脉平和。”又说：“肝脉来势充盈实滑，如同抚摸长竿，这叫做肝病。肝脉来势急促且更加劲急，如同拉开弓的弦，这叫做肝脉死候。”弦脉与长脉，都主春季时令，但弦脉是初春的景象，属于阳中之阴，天气仍然寒冷，所以像琴弦那样端直挺拔，稍带一分紧急之意；长脉是暮春的景象，纯属于阳，绝无寒意，所以像树干那样悠长笔直，完全是生发的气象。戴同父说：“弦而柔软，病情轻；弦而坚硬，病情重。”这与《内经》的宗旨深相契合。两关部都见弦脉，称为双弦脉；如果不能进食，这是木克土，土气已败，必定不可治愈。《素问》说：“端直以长。”叔和说：“像拉开弓的弦。”巢氏说：“按压不移，触感清晰如按琴瑟之弦。”戴同父说：“从中直过，指下感觉挺拔。”各家对弦脉的论述，可以说是深刻明确的了。高阳生却说“时时带数”，又说“脉紧状如绳牵”，这是紧脉的形态，哪里还有弦脉的意义呢！
[Body Image] The morphology of the Xian pulse (Wiry Pulse) resembles a zither string; upon light palpation, it feels empty and slippery. Its shape is straight and long, feeling firm and upright under the fingers.
[Main Diseases] The Xian pulse corresponds to Liver Wind and primarily indicates Pain Syndromes, Malaria, Phlegm, and Fluid Retention. If the Xian pulse appears at the Left Cun position, there must be pain in the heart. If it appears at the Right Cun position, there will be pain in the chest and head. If seen at the Left Guan position, it indicates Phlegm-Fluids, Malaria, or abdominal masses (Jia). If seen at the Right Guan position, it indicates Stomach Cold and Diaphragmatic pain. If encountered at the Left Chi position, it indicates Fluid retention in the Lower Jiao. If encountered at the Right Chi position, it indicates foot spasms and Hernia pain.
[Combined Pulses] A Floating Xian pulse indicates Branch Fluids; a Sinking Xian pulse indicates Suspended Fluids. A Xian-Shu (Rapid) pulse indicates excess Heat; a Xian-Chi (Slow) pulse indicates excess Cold. A Xian-Da (Large) pulse indicates Deficiency; a Xian-Xi (Fine) pulse indicates stiffness and urgency. A Xian pulse in Yang positions (upper body) causes Headache; a Xian pulse in Yin positions (lower body) causes Abdominal pain. A single-sided Xian pulse indicates Phlegm-Fluid accumulation; a bilateral Xian pulse indicates chronic Cold disorders.
[Commentary] The meaning of the Xian pulse is like a zither string: straight and slightly long. In the Eight Trigrams, it corresponds to Zhen; in the Five Elements, it corresponds to Wood; in the Four Seasons, it corresponds to Spring; in the Five Zang Organs, it corresponds to the Liver. The Classics state: "The Qi of Shaoyang is mild and soft, therefore the pulse is Xian." Qibo said: "The Spring pulse corresponds to the Liver, which is Eastern Wood, the source from which all things begin to grow. Thus, its Qi comes forth moist and weak, light and empty yet slippery, straight and long; hence it is called Xian. Opposite to this is disease. If its Qi comes forth solid and strong, this is Excess, and the disease is external; if its Qi comes forth insubstantial and faint, this is Deficiency, and the disease is internal. Excess leads to irritability, dizziness, and vertigo affecting the vertex; Deficiency leads to chest and hypochondriac pain radiating to the back, with fullness in both hypochondria." It also states: "When the Liver pulse comes forth moist, weak, and distant, like the tip of a long pole held high, it is called a Healthy Liver Pulse." It further states: "When the Liver pulse comes forth full, solid, and slippery, like tracing a long pole, it is called Liver Disease. When the Liver pulse comes forth urgent and increasingly tense, like a drawn bowstring, it is called a Dead Liver Pulse." Both the Xian pulse and the Chang (Long) pulse govern the Spring season. However, the Xian pulse represents early spring, belonging to Yin within Yang; the weather is still cold, so it resembles a zither string that is straight and firm, carrying a slight sense of urgency. The Chang pulse represents late spring, belonging purely to Yang, devoid of coldness, so it resembles a tree trunk that is distant and long, embodying pure generative energy. Dai Tongfu stated: "Xian and soft indicates mild illness; Xian and hard indicates severe illness." This deeply aligns with the principles of the Neijing. When both Guan positions show a Xian pulse, it is called a Double Xian pulse; if accompanied by an inability to eat, it signifies Wood overcoming Earth, meaning Earth has already been defeated, and the condition is incurable. The Suwen states: "Straight and long." He Heshan stated: "Like a drawn bowstring." Chao Yuanfang stated: "Unmoving upon pressure, distinct like pressing a zither string." Dai Tongfu stated: "Passing straight through the middle, feeling firm under the fingers." Various discussions on the Xian pulse can be described as profound and clear. However, Gao Yangsheng claimed it "often carries a Shu (Rapid) quality" and described it as "tight like a pulled rope," which describes the Jin (Tight) pulse, lacking any meaning of the Xian pulse!