诸方说三十六疾者,是十二症、九痛、七害、五伤、三固,谓之三十六疾也。
十二症者,是所下之物,一者如膏,二者如青血,三者如紫汁,四者如赤皮,五者如脓
痂,六者如豆汁,七者如葵羹,八者如凝血,九者如清血,血似水,十者如米汁,十一者如
月浣,十二者经度不应期也。
九痛者,一者阴中痛伤,二者阴中淋痛,三者小便即痛,四者寒冷痛,五者月水来腹痛
,六者气满并痛,七者汁出,阴中如虫啮痛,八者胁下皮痛,九者腰痛。
七害者,一者害食,二者害气,三者害冷,四者害劳,五者害房,六者害妊,七者害睡
五伤者,一者穷孔痛,二者中寒热痛,三者小腹急牢痛,四者脏不仁,五者子门不正,引背痛。
三固者,一者月水闭塞不通,其余二固者,文阙不载。而张仲景所说三十六种疾,皆由
子脏冷热劳损,而挟带下,起于阴内。条目混漫,与诸方不同,但仲景义最玄深,非愚浅能
解,恐其文虽异,其义理实同也。
妇人无子者,其事有三也。一者坟墓不祀,二者夫妇年命相克,三者夫病妇疹,皆使无
子。其若是坟墓不祀,年命相克,此二者,非药能益。若夫病妇疹,须将药饵,故得有效也
。然妇人挟疾无子,皆由劳伤血气,冷热不调,而受风寒,客于子宫,致使胞内生病,或月
经涩闭,或崩血带下,致阴阳之气不和,经血之行乖候,故无子也。
诊其右手关后尺脉,浮则为阳,阳脉绝,无子也。又,脉微涩,中年得此,为绝产也。
少阴脉如浮紧,则绝产。恶寒,脉尺寸俱微弱,则绝嗣不产也。其汤熨针石,别有正方,补
益吐纳,今附于后。
《养生方》云∶吸月精,凡月初出时、月中时、月入时,向月正立,不息八通。仰头吸
月光精,八咽之,令人阴气长。妇人吸之,阴气益盛,子道通。阴气长,益精髓脑。少小者
妇人,至四十九以上,还生子。断绪者,即有子。久行不已,即成仙矣。
各种医方所说的“三十六疾”,是指十二症、九痛、七害、五伤、三固,合称为三十六疾。
所谓十二症,是指阴道排出的异常物质:第一种像膏脂,第二种像青色血液,第三种像紫色汁液,第四种像赤色皮屑,第五种像脓痂,第六种像豆汁,第七种像葵菜羹汤,第八种像凝固的血块,第九种像清稀的血液,血色如水,第十种像米泔水,第十一种像月经洗涤后的残留物,第十二种是月经周期不按时来潮。
所谓九痛,包括:第一种是阴部内部疼痛损伤,第二种是阴部淋沥涩痛,第三种是小便时疼痛,第四种是寒冷引起的疼痛,第五种是月经来潮时腹痛,第六种是气滞胀满并伴有疼痛,第七种是分泌物流出,阴部感觉如虫咬般疼痛,第八种是胁下皮肤疼痛,第九种是腰痛。
所谓七害,包括:第一种是饮食受损,第二种是气机受损,第三种是受寒受损,第四种是劳累受损,第五种是房事受损,第六种是妊娠受损,第七种是睡眠受损。
所谓五伤,包括:第一种是前后二阴疼痛,第二种是中焦寒热错杂疼痛,第三种是小腹拘急硬痛,第四种是脏腑感觉迟钝麻木,第五种是子门(宫颈口)不正,牵引背部疼痛。
所谓三固,第一种是月经闭塞不通,其余两种固疾,原文缺失未记载。而张仲景所说的三十六种疾病,都是由子宫冷热失调、劳损,兼夹带下病,起于阴内所致。其条目混杂模糊,与其他医方不同,但张仲景的理论最为深奥玄妙,非我浅薄之人所能完全理解,恐怕虽然文字表述不同,但其义理实际上是相同的。
妇人不能生育的原因有三点:第一是祖坟无人祭祀,第二是夫妇生辰八字相克,第三是丈夫有病或妻子有疹疾,这些都会导致无法生育。如果是祖坟不祀、年命相克这两种情况,不是药物能够补益解决的。如果是丈夫有病或妻子有疹疾,需要服用药物调理,所以能够见效。然而,妇人因夹杂疾病而不能生育,大多是由于劳损伤及气血,冷热不调,感受风寒之邪,客居于子宫,致使胞宫内部产生病变,或者月经涩滞闭止,或者崩漏出血、带下淋漓,导致阴阳之气不和,经血运行违背正常规律,因此无法生育。
诊察妇女右手关后尺部的脉象,如果浮取即为阳脉,若阳脉断绝,则主无子。另外,脉象微涩,中年出现此脉,主绝产。少阴脉象如浮紧,则主绝产。恶寒,且寸口、尺部脉象都微弱,主绝嗣不产。至于汤药外敷、针刺砭石等治疗方法,另有专门的方剂,补益与吐纳导引之法,现附在后面。
《养生方》说:吸吮月精,通常在月初月亮刚出时、月中满月时、月末月亮入地时,面向月亮正立,屏息八次。仰头吸入月光精华,吞咽八次,能使人阴气增长。妇人吸之,阴气更加旺盛,子道通畅。阴气增长,有助于补益精髓脑髓。年轻的妇人,到了四十九岁以上,还能生子。原本断绝生育能力的,也能再有子女。长期练习不停止,就能成仙了。
Various medical texts refer to the "Thirty-Six Diseases" as comprising Twelve Syndromes, Nine Pains, Seven Harms, Five Injuries, and Three Stagnations.
The Twelve Syndromes refer to abnormal vaginal discharges: the first resembles paste; the second resembles greenish blood; the third resembles purple fluid; the fourth resembles red skin flakes; the fifth resembles pus crusts; the sixth resembles bean juice; the seventh resembles mallow soup; the eighth resembles coagulated blood; the ninth resembles clear blood, watery in nature; the tenth resembles rice water; the eleventh resembles menstrual residue; the twelfth is irregular menstruation not occurring at the expected time.
The Nine Pains include: the first is pain and injury within the vagina; the second is dripping and painful sensation in the vagina; the third is pain during urination; the fourth is pain caused by cold; the fifth is abdominal pain during menstruation; the sixth is distension and pain due to Qi stagnation; the seventh is discharge accompanied by a stinging pain in the vagina as if bitten by insects; the eighth is pain in the skin of the hypochondrium; the ninth is lower back pain.
The Seven Harms include: harm from food; harm from Qi; harm from cold; harm from overexertion; harm from sexual intercourse; harm from pregnancy; harm from sleep.
The Five Injuries include: the first is pain in both the anterior and posterior orifices; the second is alternating cold and heat pain in the middle jiao; the third is urgent and firm pain in the lower abdomen; the fourth is insensitivity of the Zang organs; the fifth is malposition of the Zi Men (cervical os), causing traction pain in the back.
The Three Stagnations include: the first is amenorrhea with obstruction; the descriptions for the other two stagnations are missing in the text. Zhang Zhongjing's description of the Thirty-Six Diseases attributes them all to cold-heat imbalance and damage of the Zi Zang (uterus), complicated by Dai Xia (leukorrhea), originating internally from the Yin. His categorization is mixed and vague, differing from other texts. However, Zhang Zhongjing's principles are profound and deep, beyond my shallow understanding. I fear that although the wording differs, the underlying principles may be identical.
There are three reasons for a woman's infertility: first, lack of ancestral worship; second, incompatible birth years between husband and wife; third, illness in the husband or rash/disease in the wife. These conditions can lead to infertility. For the first two cases (ancestral issues and astrological incompatibility), medicine cannot remedy them. For the third case (illness in either partner), medicinal treatment is required and can be effective. However, infertility caused by concurrent diseases usually results from labor-induced damage to Qi and Blood, imbalance of cold and heat, and invasion of Wind-Cold pathogens lodging in the uterus. This causes pathology within the Bao Gong (womb), leading to scanty or obstructed menstruation, or metrorrhagia and leukorrhea. Consequently, Yin and Yang Qi become disharmonious, and the flow of menstrual blood deviates from its normal rhythm, resulting in infertility.
Palpating the Chi pulse on the right hand behind the Guan position: if it floats, it indicates Yang. If the Yang pulse is absent, it signifies infertility. Additionally, a faint and choppy pulse in middle age indicates sterility. A Shaoyin pulse that is floating and tight also indicates sterility. Chills combined with weak pulses at both the Cun and Chi positions indicate inability to produce offspring. Treatments involving decoctions, warming applications, acupuncture, and stone therapy have separate specific formulas. Tonification and Tu Na (breathing exercises) are attached hereafter.
The *Yangsheng Fang* (Prescriptions for Nourishing Life) states: To inhale the essence of the moon, stand facing the moon upright when it first appears, at mid-month, or when it sets, holding breath eight times. Tilt the head up to inhale the moonlight's essence and swallow eight times. This increases Yin Qi in men. For women, it enhances Yin Qi, unblocks the Zi Dao (uterine pathway), and benefits the essence, marrow, and brain. Young women who practice this may conceive even after forty-nine. Those previously sterile may regain fertility. Long-term practice leads to immortality.