脚破者，脚心坼开也，世谓之脚破。脚心肾脉所出，由肾气虚，风邪客于腠理，致使津
液不荣，故坼破也。
瘿者，由忧恚气结所生，亦曰饮沙水，沙随气入于脉，搏颈下而成之。初作与瘿核相似
，而当颈下也，皮宽不急，垂捶捶然是也。恚气结成瘿者，但垂核捶捶，无脉也；饮沙水
成瘿者，有核 无根，浮动在皮中。
又云有三种瘿∶有血瘿，可破之；有 肉瘿，可割之；有气瘿，可具针之。
《养生方》云∶诸山水黑土中出泉流者，不可久居，常食令人作瘿病，动气增患。
瘤者，皮肉中忽肿起，初如梅李大，渐长大，不痛不痒，又不结强。言留结不散
，谓之为瘤。不治，乃至 大，则不复消，不能杀人，亦慎不可辄破。
脑湿，谓头上忽生肉如角，谓之脑湿。言脑湿气蕴蒸，冲击所生也。
黑痣者，风邪搏于血气，变化所生也。夫人血气充盛，则皮肤润悦，不生疵瘕，若虚损
，则黑痣变生。然黑痣者，是风邪变其血气所生也；若生而有之者，非药可治。面及体生黑
点为黑痣，亦云黑子。
脚破，是指脚心皮肤开裂，民间称为“脚破”。脚心是足少阴肾经脉气所发出的部位，由于肾气虚弱，风邪侵袭停留在腠理（皮肤纹理及皮下组织间隙），导致津液无法濡养肌肤，因此出现开裂破损。
瘿病（颈部肿块），是由忧思恼怒导致气机郁结而产生的，也有说法认为是饮用沙水所致，沙子随着气进入血脉，与颈部气血搏结而形成肿块。初起时与瘿核相似，位于颈部下方，皮肤松弛不紧绷，下垂如锤状。因恼怒气结而成的瘿病，只是垂下核块，没有明显的脉搏跳动；因饮用沙水而成的瘿病，有核块但无根基，在皮中浮动。
又有说法认为瘿病有三种：有血瘿，可以刺破放血治疗；有肉瘿，可以手术割除；有气瘿，可以用针具针刺治疗。
《养生方》说：凡是山水黑土中涌出的泉水流过的地方，不宜久居，经常食用那里的食物会使人患上瘿病，扰动气机加重病患。
瘤，是指皮肉中突然肿起，起初像梅子或李子大小，逐渐长大，不痛不痒，也不坚硬强直。意思是留滞结聚不散，称之为瘤。如果不治疗，会长得很大，就不再消退，虽然不会致死，但也切忌轻易刺破。
脑湿，是指头上突然长出像角一样的肉赘，称之为脑湿。意思是脑部的湿气蕴积蒸腾，冲击头部而生成的。
黑痣，是风邪与血气搏结，变化而形成的。人的血气充盛，则皮肤润泽喜悦，不生瑕疵恶疮；如果身体虚损，则会产生黑痣等病变。然而黑痣，是风邪改变了血气而形成的；如果是出生时就有的，药物无法治愈。面部及身体生出黑点称为黑痣，也称为黑子。
面部及身体皮肉变红，与正常肤色不同，有的像手掌大，有的像铜钱大，也不痒不痛，称之为赤疵（红色斑痣）。这也是风邪搏结于皮肤，血气不和而形成的。
白癜（白癜风），是指面部、颈部、身体皮肉颜色变白，与正常肤色不同，也不痒不痛，称之为白癜。这也是风邪搏结于皮肤，血气不和而形成的。
Jiaopo (Cracked Feet) refers to the cracking of the skin on the sole of the foot, commonly known in the world as "Jiaopo". The sole of the foot is where the meridian qi of the Kidney channel emerges. Due to deficiency of Kidney Qi, Wind pathogen lodges in the Couli (interstices of skin and muscles), causing body fluids to fail to nourish the tissues, thus resulting in cracking and breaking.
Ying disease (Goiter/Neck Masses) arises from emotional distress and anger leading to Qi stagnation. It is also said to be caused by drinking sand-infused water, where sand enters the vessels with Qi and knots below the neck to form a mass. Initially resembling a Ying nodule, it appears below the neck; the skin is loose and not tight, hanging down like a hammer. When formed by angry Qi stagnation, there are only hanging nodules without palpable pulse; when formed by drinking sand water, there are nodules without roots, floating within the skin.
Furthermore, it is stated that there are three types of Ying: Xue Ying (Blood Goiter), which can be lanced; Rou Ying (Flesh Goiter), which can be excised; and Qi Ying (Qi Goiter), which can be treated with needle therapy.
The *Yangsheng Fang* states: One should not dwell long in areas where springs flow from black soil among mountains and rivers; consuming food from such places often causes Ying disease, disturbing Qi and aggravating the condition.
Liu (Tumor/Nodule) refers to a sudden swelling in the skin and flesh, initially the size of a plum or apricot pit, gradually growing larger, without pain or itching, nor becoming hard or rigid. It is called Liu because the pathogenic factors remain and knot without dispersing. If untreated, it may grow very large and will no longer subside. Although it does not cause death, one must be cautious and never break it open arbitrarily.
Nao Shi (Brain Dampness) refers to a sudden growth of fleshy protrusions like horns on the head, termed Nao Shi. This implies that dampness of the brain accumulates and steams, impacting the head to generate this growth.
Hei Zhi (Black Nevus/Mole) is generated by Wind pathogen interacting with Blood and Qi, causing transformation. When a person's Blood and Qi are abundant, the skin is moist and healthy, and no blemishes or growths occur; if deficient or damaged, Black Nevi arise. However, Black Nevi are formed by Wind pathogen altering Blood and Qi; those present since birth cannot be cured by medicine. Black spots appearing on the face and body are called Hei Zhi, also referred to as Hei Zi.
When the skin and flesh of the face and body turn red, differing from normal skin color, either palm-sized or coin-sized, without itching or pain, it is called Chi Ci (Red Blemish). This is also caused by Wind pathogen lodging in the skin and disharmony of Blood and Qi.
Bai Dian (Vitiligo) refers to the whitening of skin on the face, neck, and body, differing from normal skin color, also without itching or pain, termed Bai Dian. This too is caused by Wind pathogen lodging in the skin and disharmony of Blood and Qi.