滑伯仁氏纂集诸医书皆极精妙若读素问抄亦其一也祁门汪石山复为之补注阐明其旨治无余蕴程确斋得其善本因获传
录三复披阅甚有便于养生之道遂命工助刻此卷归之确斋使合其全以印布焉凡有志于养生者能究心于此亦可免于庸医之误
矣刻完僭缀数语于卷末如此
嘉靖甲申秋九月望日新溪戴殷谨识
六气之淫七情之崇是动所生奸在营卫具病能钞
帝曰夫百病之生也皆生于风寒暑湿燥火以之化之变也经言盛者泻之虚者补之工巧神圣可得闻乎岐伯曰审察病机无失
气宜此之谓也（续风寒暑湿燥火天之六气也静而顺者为化动而变者为变故曰之化之变也针口工巧药曰神圣愚按病机不出
乎运气诸病之生或属于五运者或属于六气者不可不审察也经曰治病必求其本是也无失气宜言治法也必须别阴阳辨标本求
其有无之所以殊责其虚实之所以异汗吐下不失其宜寒热温凉各当其可不使有差殊乖乱之失可也经曰与失天信无失气宜又
曰必先岁气无伐天和是也）曰愿闻病机曰诸风掉眩皆属于肝（续掉摇也眩昏乱旋运也风性动木气同之）诸寒收引皆属于
肾（续收敛引急寒之用也故冬寒则拘缩水气同之）诸气 郁皆属于肺（续 谓 满郁谓奔迫气之为用金气同之故金旺则
雾气蒙郁征其物象属可知矣）诸湿肿满皆属于脾（续土平则干土高则湿湿气之用土气同之河间云地之体也土湿极甚则痞
塞肿满物湿亦然故长夏属土则庶物隆盛也）诸热瞀螈皆属于火诸痛痒疮皆属于心（续人近火气微热则痒热甚则痛附近则
灼而为疮皆火之用也）诸厥固泄皆属于下（续下谓下焦肾肝气也夫守司于下肾之气也门户束要肝之气也故诸厥固泄皆属
下也厥谓气逆固谓禁固诸有气逆上行及固或泄燥湿不恒皆由下焦之主守也）诸痿喘呕皆属于上（续校正按痿论云五脏使
人痿者因肺热叶焦发为痿 故云属于上也痿又谓肺痿也）诸禁鼓 如丧神守皆属于火（续禁冷也俗作噤如丧神守者神能
御形而友禁 则如丧失保守形体之神矣）诸痉项强皆属于湿（续筋劲强直而不柔和也土主安静故也阴痉曰柔痉阳痉曰刚
痉亢则害承乃制故湿过极则反兼风化制之然兼化者虚象而实非风也）诸逆冲上皆属于火（续火气炎上故也）诸腹胀大皆
属于热（续气为阳热气甚则如是也）诸躁狂越皆属于火（续热盛于胃及四末也躁躁动烦热扰乱而不宁火之体也狂者狂乱
而无正定也越者乖越礼法而失常也）诸暴强直皆属于风（续暴卒也疟害也强强劲有力不柔和也直筋劲强也然燥金主紧敛
劲切风木为病反见燥金之化由亢则害承乃制也）诸病有声鼓之如鼓皆属于热诸病 肿疼酸惊骇皆属于火（续 肿热肉而
阳气郁滞故也疼酸酸酸疼也由火实制金不能平木则木旺而为兼化故酸疼也惊心卒动而不宁火主于动也骇惊愕也反兼肾水
之恐者亢则害承乃制故也恐则伤肾而水衰心火自甚故惊恐也）诸转反戾水液混浊皆属于热（续反戾筋转也热气燥灼于筋
则挛螈而痛火主烦灼燥动故也水液小便也天气热则水混浊也）诸病水液澄彻清冷皆属于寒（续上下所出及吐出溺出也澄
彻清冷湛而不混浊也为天气寒则浊水自澄清也）诸呕吐酸暴注下迫皆属于热（续胃膈热甚则为呕火气炎上之象也酸酸水
及沫也酸者肝木之味由火盛制金不能平木则肝木自甚故为酸也如饮食热则易于酸矣暴注卒暴注泄也肠胃热甚而传化失常
火性急速故如是也下迫后重里急窘迫急痛也火性急速而能燥物故也）故大要曰谨守病机各司其属有者求之无者求之盛者
责之虚者责之必先五胜疏其血气令其条达而致和平此之谓也（深乎圣人之言理宜然也有无求之虚实责之言悉由也○愚谓
诸病皆由于有无虚盛也夫如大寒而甚热之不热是无火也热来复去昼见夜伏夜发昼止时节而动是无火也当助其心又如大热
而甚寒之不寒是无水也热动复止倏忽往来时动时止是无水也当助其肾内格呕逆食不得入是有火也病呕而吐食入反出是无
火也暴逆注下食不及化是无水也溏泄而久止发无常是无水也故心盛则生热肾盛则生寒肾虚则寒动于中心虚则热收于内又
热不得寒是无火也寒不得热是无水也夫寒之不得寒责其无水热之不得热责其无火热之不久责心之虚寒之不久责肾之少有
者泻之无者补之虚者补之盛者泻之于其中间疏其壅塞令上下无碍气血通条则寒热自和阴阳条达矣是以方有治热以寒寒之
而谷食不入攻寒以热热之而昏燥以生此则气不疏通壅而为是也纪于水火余气可知故曰有者求之无者求之盛者责之虚者责
之令气通条妙之道也五胜谓五行更胜也先以五行寒暑温凉湿酸咸甘辛苦相胜为法也○愚按病机十九条实察病之要旨而有
者求之无者求之盛者责之虚者责之十六字乃答篇首盛者泻之虚者补之之旨而总结病机一十九条之义又要旨中之要旨也原
病式但以病机一十九条立言而遗此十六字不免临病误投汤剂致人夭折今引经传之旨证其得失夫风病者皆属于肝风木甚则
肝太过而病化风如岁木太过发生之纪病掉眩之类俗谓之阳痉急惊等病治以凉剂是也燥金胜则肝为邪攻而病亦化风如岁木
不及阳明燥金下临病掉振之类俗谓之阴痉慢惊等病治以温剂是也诸火热病皆属于心火热甚则心太过而病化火热如岁火太
过赫曦之纪病谵妄狂越之类俗谓之阳燥谵语等病治以攻剂是也寒水胜则心为邪攻而病亦化火热如岁火不及病燥悸心烦谵
妄之类俗谓之阴躁郑声等病治以补剂是也诸湿病者皆属于脾湿土甚则脾太过而病化湿如湿胜则濡泄仲景用五苓等剂去湿
是也风木胜则脾为邪攻而病亦化湿如岁木太过病飧泄之类钱氏用宣风等剂去风是也诸气 郁皆属于肺燥金甚则肺太过而
病化 郁如岁金太过甚则喘咳之类东垣谓之寒喘治以热剂是也大热胜则肺为邪攻而病亦化 郁如岁火太过病喘咳之类东
垣谓之热喘治以寒剂是也诸寒病者皆属于肾寒水甚则肾太过而病化寒如太阳所至为屈伸不利之类仲景用乌头汤等治之是
也湿土胜则肾为邪攻而病亦化寒如湿气变病筋脉不利之类东垣用复前散健步丸治之是也其在太过所化之病为盛盛者真气
也其在受攻所化之病为虚虚者假气也故有其病化者恐其气之假故有者亦必求之无其病化者恐其邪隐于中如寒胜化火之类
故无者亦必求之其病化似盛者恐其盛之未的故盛者亦必责之其病之化似虚者恐其虚之未真故虚者亦必责之凡十九条病机
皆用此十六字为法求之庶几补泻不差也河间损此十六字似以病化有者为盛无者为虚不复究其假者虚者实为未备此智者之
一失也至真要大论）帝曰风之伤人也（续伤谓人自中之也）或为寒热或为热中或为疠风或为偏枯（偏枯当作偏风下文以
春甲乙经云则为偏风是也）或（当作均）为风也其病各异其名不同或内至五脏六腑不知其解愿闻其说岐伯曰风气藏于皮
肤之间内不得通外不得泄（续腠理开疏则邪气入风气入已玄府闭封故内不得通外不得泄也）风者善行而数变腠理开则洒
然寒闭则热而闷（续洒然寒貌闷不爽貌腠理开则风飘扬故寒腠理闭则风混乱故闷）其寒也则衰饮食其热也则消肌肉故使
人 而不能食名曰寒热（续风气入胃故饮食衰热气内藏故消肌肉寒热相合故 而不能食名曰寒热 卒振寒貌）风
气与阳明入胃循脉而上至目内 其人肥则风气不得出泄则为热中而目黄人瘦则外泄而寒则为寒中而泣出（续阳明胃脉者
也人肥则腠理密致故不得外泄则为热中而目黄人瘦则腠理开疏风得外泄则寒中而泣出也）风气与太阳俱入行诸脉俞散于
分肉之间与卫气相干其道不利故使肌肉 而有疡卫气有所凝而不行故其肉有不仁也（续肉分之间卫气行处风与卫气相
薄俱行肉分之间故气道涩而不利气道不利风气内攻卫气相持故肉 而疮出也若卫气被风攻之不得流转所在偏并凝而不
行则肉有 而不知寒热痛痒之处）疠者有（有字衍）营卫热 （腐同）其气不清故使鼻柱坏而色败皮肤疡溃风寒客于脉
而不去名曰疠风（此段当作风寒客于脉而不去名曰疠风疠者营卫热 其气不清故使鼻柱坏而色败皮肤疡溃续此则风气入
干经脉之中也营行脉中故风入脉中与营气合则热而血腐坏也其气不清言溃乱也然血脉溃乱营复挟风阳脉尽上于头鼻为呼
吸之所故鼻柱坏而色恶皮肤破而溃烂经曰疏风盛为疠溃是也）以春甲乙伤于风者为肝风以夏丙丁伤于风者为心风以季夏
戊己伤于邪者为脾风以秋庚辛中于邪者为肺风以冬壬癸中于邪者为肾风风中五脏六腑之俞亦为脏腑之风各入其门户所中
则为偏风（续随俞左右而偏中之则为偏风）风气循风府而上则为脑风风入系头则为目风眼寒（续风府穴名督脉阳维之会
脑户者督脉足太阳之会故循风府而上则为脑风也足太阳脉起目内 上额交巅上入络脑故风入系头则为目风眼寒也）饮酒
中风则为漏风（续热郁腠疏汗出如漏）入房汗出中风则为内风（续内耗其精外开腠理风因内袭故曰内风）新沐中风则为
首风久风入中则为肠风飧泄（食不化而出也风在肠中上熏于胃故食不化而下出也）外在腠理则为泄风（续风居腠理则玄
府开通风薄汗泄故云泄风）故风者百病之长也（续长先也先百病而有也）至其变化乃为他病也无常方帝曰五脏风之形状
不同者何愿闻其诊及其病能（续诊谓可言之症能谓内作病形）岐伯曰肺风之状多汗恶风色 然白时咳短气昼日则差暮则
甚诊在眉上其色白（续凡内多风气则热有余热则腠理开故多汗也风薄于内故恶风焉 薄白色也肺色白在变动为咳主藏气
风内迫之故色 然白时咳短气也昼则阳气在表故差暮则阳气入里风内应之故甚眉上谓两眉间之上阙庭之部外司肺候故诊
在焉）心风之状多汗恶风焦绝善怒吓（甲乙经无吓字）病甚则言不可快诊在口其色赤（焦绝谓唇焦文理断绝热则皮剥故
也风薄于心则神乱故善怒而吓人也心系挟咽喉而主舌故病甚则言不可快也口唇色赤故诊在焉赤者心色）肝风之状多汗恶
风色微苍嗌干善怒时憎女子（木之性曲而又直也）诊在目下其色青（续肝脉属肝络胆上贯膈布胁肋循喉咙之后入颃颡其
支别者从目系下故嗌干善怒诊在目下也青肝色也）脾风之状多汗恶风身体怠惰四肢不欲动色薄微黄不嗜食诊在鼻上其色
黄（续脾主四肢脾风则四肢不欲动矣脾气合土主中央鼻于面部亦居中故诊在焉黄脾色也）肾风之状多汗恶风面庞然浮肿
脊痛不能正立隐曲不利（肾者作强之官精液藏焉故病隐曲不利）诊在肌上其色黑（续庞然言肿起也肾脏受风则面庞然而
浮肿肾脉起于足下上股内后廉贯脊故脊痛不能正立也隐曲者谓隐蔽委曲之处肾藏精外应交接今被风薄精气内微故隐曲之
事不通利所为也经曰气归精精食气今精不足则气内归精不注于皮故肌皮上黑也黑肾色也）胃风之状颈多汗恶风食饮不下
膈塞不通腹善满失衣则 胀食寒则泄诊形瘦而腹大（失衣则外寒而中热故 胀食寒则寒物薄胃而阳不内消故泄利也胃合
脾而主肉胃气不足则肉不长故瘦胃中风气蓄聚故腹大孙思邈曰新食竟取风为胃气）首风之状头面多汗恶风当先风一日则
病甚头痛不可以出内至其风日则病少愈（续夫人阳气外合于风故先当风一日则病甚以先风故亦先衰是以至其风日则病少
愈不可以出屋室之内以头痛甚不喜外风故也孙思邈云新沐浴竟取风为首风）漏风之状多汗常不可单衣食则汗出甚则身汗
喘息恶风衣常濡口干善渴不能劳事（续肺胃风热故不可单衣甚则风薄于肺故身汗喘息恶风衣濡口干善渴形劳则喘息故不
能劳事○孙思邈云因醉取风为漏风其状恶风多汗少气口干善渴近衣则身热如火临食则汗流如雨骨节懈惰不欲自劳）泄风
之状多汗汗出泄衣上口中干上渍其风不能劳事身体尽痛则寒（上渍谓皮上湿如水渍也汗多则津液涸故口中干形劳则汗出
甚故不能劳身体尽痛以其汗多汗多亡阳故寒也○孙思邈云新房屋竟取风为内风其状恶风汗流沾衣裳疑此泄风乃内风也风
论）○帝曰痹之安生岐伯曰风寒湿三气杂至合而为痹也（续虽合为痹发起亦殊也）其风气胜者为行痹寒气胜者为痛痹湿
气胜者为着痹也（续风则阳受之故为痹行寒则阴受之故为痹痛湿则皮肉筋脉受之故为痹着而不去也）曰其有五者何也曰
以冬遇此者为骨痹以春遇此者为筋痹以夏遇此者为脉痹以至阴遇此者为肌痹以秋遇此者为皮痹（续至阴谓戊巳月及土寄
三月也）曰内舍五脏六腑何气使然（续此则言五痹以五时之外遇然内居脏腑何以致之）曰五脏皆有合病久而不去者内舍
于其合也（续合病肝合筋之类久病不去则入于是）故骨痹不已复感于邪内舍于肾筋痹不已复感于邪内舍于肝脉痹不已复
感于邪内舍于心肌痹不已复感于邪内舍于脾皮痹不已复感于邪内舍于肺所谓痹者各以其时重感于风寒湿之气也（续时谓
气王之月如肝王春之类感谓感应也）凡痹之客五脏者肺痹者烦满喘呕（以脏气应息又其脉还循胃口故使烦满喘而呕）心
痹者脉不通烦则心下鼓暴上气而喘嗌干善噫厥气上则恐（续心合脉受邪则脉不通利邪气内扰故烦也手心主手少阴之脉俱
滑伯仁先生编纂汇集了众多医书，都极为精妙，《读素问钞》也是其中之一。祁门人汪石山又为它作了补注，阐明了其中的旨意，使治疗的道理无所遗漏。程确斋得到了好的版本，因此得以传承记录。我反复翻阅，觉得非常有利于养生之道，于是命工匠协助刻印这一卷，归还给程确斋，使他能够合成全帛并印刷散布。凡是立志于养生的人，如果能潜心研究于此，也可以避免被庸医误诊。刻印完成后，我在卷末冒昧地附上几句话，就是这样。
嘉靖甲申年秋九月十五日，新溪戴殷谨识。
六气（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）的过度侵害，七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊）的严重干扰，这些是“所生”疾病产生的根源，涉及营卫（运行于脉内和脉外的气血）。
黄帝说：各种疾病的产生，都源于风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火这六种气候因素，它们由正常的“化”转变为异常的“变”。经文说：“邪气盛的用泻法，正气虚的用补法。”这种工巧神圣的治疗技艺可以听一听吗？岐伯说：“审察病机，不要违背气宜（气候规律），说的就是这个意思。”（续注：风寒暑湿燥火是天之六气。静止而顺从的叫“化”，运动而变化的叫“变”，所以说“之化之变”。针术精巧称为“工”，药物神奇称为“神”。愚按：病机不出于五运六气的范畴。各种疾病的产生，有的属于五运，有的属于六气，不可不审察。经文说治病必求其本。所谓“无失气宜”，是说治法必须辨别阴阳，分辨标本，探求有无的不同，责成虚实的差异。汗、吐、下法不失其适宜，寒、热、温、凉各当其分，不使其有差错乖乱之失。经文说：“与天信相失，勿失气宜”，又说“必先岁气，无伐天和”，就是这个意思。）
黄帝说：希望听听病机。
岐伯说：各种风病引起的摇动、眩晕，都归属于肝。（续注：掉，摇动；眩，昏乱、旋转。风性主动，木气与之相同。）
各种寒病引起的收缩、牵引，都归属于肾。（续注：收敛、引急是寒的作用，所以冬天寒冷时身体拘挛，水气与之相同。）
各种气机郁滞，都归属于肺。（续注： 谓胀满，郁谓奔迫。气的作用，金气与之相同。所以金旺则雾气蒙郁，征之于物象可知其归属。）
各种湿病引起的肿胀、痞满，都归属于脾。（续注：土平则干，土高则湿。湿气的作用，土气与之相同。河间说：地的本体，土湿极甚则痞塞肿满，物体潮湿也是如此。所以长夏属土，万物隆盛。）
各种热病引起的昏闷、抽搐，都归属于火。各种痛、痒、疮疡，都归属于心。（续注：人靠近火气，微热则痒，热甚则痛，近火则灼而为疮，都是火的作用。）
各种厥逆、闭塞、泄泻，都归属于下焦。（续注：下指下焦肝肾之气。守司于下的是肾气，门户束要是肝气。所以各种厥逆、闭塞、泄泻都归属于下。厥谓气逆，固谓禁固。凡气逆上行及固或泄、燥湿不恒，都由下焦的主守决定。）
各种痿证、喘促、呕吐，都归属于上焦。（续注：校正按《痿论》说五脏使人痿，因肺热叶焦发为痿，所以说归属于上。痿又指肺痿。）
各种口噤、鼓颔如丧失神灵守护，都归属于火。（续注：禁通噤，冷也。俗作噤。如丧神守，指神能御形，若口噤鼓颔，则如丧失保守形体之神了。）
各种痉病、项强，都归属于湿。（续注：筋劲强直而不柔和。土主安静。阴痉叫柔痉，阳痉叫刚痉。亢则害，承乃制，所以湿过极则反兼风化以制之。但兼化者是虚象，实非风也。）
各种气逆冲上，都归属于火。（续注：火气炎上。）
各种腹胀大，都归属于热。（续注：气为阳，热气盛则如此。）
各种躁动、狂乱、超越常度，都归属于火。（续注：热盛于胃及四肢末端。躁，躁动烦热扰乱而不宁，火的体性。狂，狂乱而无正定。越，乖越礼法而失常。）
各种突然发生的强直，都归属于风。（续注：暴卒。疟疾害也。强劲有力不柔和。直，筋劲强。然而燥金主紧敛劲切，风木为病反而见到燥金的化象，是因为亢则害，承乃制。）
各种病有声响，叩之如鼓声，都归属于热。各种病引起的肿胀、疼痛、酸楚、惊骇，都归属于火。（续注： 肿，热肉而阳气郁滞所致。疼酸，由火实制金，不能平木，则木旺而为兼化，故酸疼。惊心卒动而不宁，火主于动。骇，惊愕。反兼肾水之恐，是因为亢则害，承乃制，所以惊恐。恐则伤肾而水衰，心火自甚，故惊恐。）
各种转筋、反折、肢体屈曲，水液混浊，都归属于热。（续注：反戾，筋转。热气燥灼于筋，则挛螈而痛。火主烦灼燥动。水液指小便。天气热则水混浊。）
各种病的水液清澈、透明、清冷，都归属于寒。（续注：上下所出及吐出溺出。澄彻清冷，湛而不混浊。为天气寒则浊水自澄清。）
各种呕吐、泛酸、暴注下迫，都归属于热。（续注：胃膈热甚则为呕，火气炎上之象。酸，酸水及沫。酸者肝木之味，由火盛制金，不能平木，则肝木自甚，故为酸。如饮食热则易于酸。暴注，卒暴注泄。肠胃热甚而传化失常，火性急速故如是。下迫，后重里急窘迫急痛。火性急速而能燥物故也。）
所以《大要》说：谨慎地守住病机，各自探究其所属。有的病要探求其因，无的病要探求其隐；盛的病要责其有余，虚的病要责其不足。必须先明五行胜复，疏通血气，使其条达而达到和平，说的就是这个意思。（深奥啊，圣人的话，理应如此。有无求之，虚实责之，言皆由此。○愚按：诸病皆由于有无虚盛。如大寒而甚热之不热，是无火也；热来复去，昼见夜伏，夜发昼止，时节而动，是无火也，当助其心。又如大热而甚寒之不寒，是无水也；热动复止，倏忽往来，时动时止，是无水也，当助其肾。内格呕逆，食不得入，是有火也；病呕而吐，食入反出，是无火也。暴逆注下，食不及化，是无水也；溏泄而久，止发无常，是无水也。故心盛则生热，肾盛则生寒；肾虚则寒动于心，心虚则热收于内。又热不得寒是无火也，寒不得热是无水也。夫寒之不得寒，责其无水；热之不得热，责其无火。热之不久，责心之虚；寒之不久，责肾之少。有者泻之，无者补之，虚者补之，盛者泻之。于其中间疏其壅塞，令上下无碍，气血通条，则寒热自和，阴阳条达矣。是以方有治热以寒，寒之而谷食不入；攻寒以热，热之而昏燥以生。此则气不疏通，壅而为是也。纪于水火，余气可知。故曰有者求之，无者求之，盛者责之，虚者责之，令气通条，妙之道也。五胜谓五行更胜也。先以五行寒暑温凉湿酸咸甘辛苦相胜为法。○愚按：病机十九条实察病之要旨，而有者求之、无者求之、盛者责之、虚者责之十六字，乃答篇首“盛者泻之，虚者补之”之旨，而总结病机一十九条之义，又要旨中之要旨也。原病式但以病机一十九条立言而遗此十六字，不免临病误投汤剂致人夭折。今引经传之旨证其得失。夫风病者皆属于肝，风木甚则肝太过而病化风，如岁木太过发生之纪，病掉眩之类，俗谓之阳痉、急惊等病，治以凉剂是也。燥金胜则肝为邪攻而病亦化风，如岁木不及阳明燥金下临，病掉振之类，俗谓之阴痉、慢惊等病，治以温剂是也。诸火热病皆属于心，火热甚则心太过而病化火热，如岁火太过赫曦之纪，病谵妄狂越之类，俗谓之阳燥、谵语等病，治以攻剂是也。寒水胜则心为邪攻而病亦化火热，如岁火不及，病燥悸心烦谵妄之类，俗谓之阴躁、郑声等病，治以补剂是也。诸湿病者皆属于脾，湿土甚则脾太过而病化湿，如湿胜则濡泄，仲景用五苓等剂去湿是也。风木胜则脾为邪攻而病亦化湿，如岁木太过病飧泄之类，钱氏用宣风等剂去风是也。诸气 郁皆属于肺，燥金甚则肺太过而病化 郁，如岁金太过甚则喘咳之类，东垣谓之寒喘，治以热剂是也。大热胜则肺为邪攻而病化 郁，如岁火太过病喘咳之类，东垣谓之热喘，治以寒剂是也。诸寒病者皆属于肾，寒水甚则肾太过而病化寒，如太阳所至为屈伸不利之类，仲景用乌头汤等治之是也。湿土胜则肾为邪攻而病化寒，如湿气变病筋脉不利之类，东垣用复前散健步丸治之是也。其在太过所化之病为盛，盛者真气也；其在受攻所化之病为虚，虚者假气也。故有其病化者，恐其气之假，故有者亦必求之；无其病化者，恐其邪隐于中，如寒胜化火之类，故无者亦必求之；其病化似盛者，恐其盛之未的，故盛者亦必责之；其病之化似虚者，恐其虚之未真，故虚者亦必责之。凡十九条病机皆用此十六字为法求之，庶几补泻不差也。河间损此十六字，似以病化有者为盛，无者为虚，不复究其假者、虚者，实为未备，此智者之一失也。至真要大论）
黄帝说：风邪伤人，（续注：伤谓人自中之也。）有时表现为寒热，有时表现为热中，有时表现为疠风，有时表现为偏枯。（偏枯当作偏风，下文以春甲乙经云则为偏风是也。）有时（当作均）为风病，其病各异，其名不同，有时内至五脏六腑，不知其解，希望听听其中的说法。岐伯说：风气藏于皮肤之间，内不得通，外不得泄。（续注：腠理开疏则邪气入，风气入已，玄府闭封，故内不得通，外不得泄也。）风善行而数变，腠理开则洒然寒，闭则热而闷。（续注：洒然寒貌，闷不爽貌。腠理开则风飘扬故寒，腠理闭则风混乱故闷。）其寒也则食欲减退，其热也则肌肉消减，所以使人战栗而不能进食，名叫寒热。（续注：风气入胃故饮食衰，热气内藏故消肌肉。寒热相合故 而不能食，名曰寒热。 卒振寒貌。）
风气与阳明经入胃，循脉而上至目内眦，其人肥则风气不得出泄，则为热中而目黄；人瘦则外泄而寒，则为寒中而泣出。（续注：阳明胃脉者也。人肥则腠理密致故不得外泄，则为热中而目黄。人瘦则腠理开疏，风得外泄则寒中而泣出也。）
风气与太阳经俱入，行诸脉俞，散于分肉之间，与卫气相干，其道不利，故使肌肉 而有疡；卫气有所凝而不行，故其肉有不仁也。（续注：肉分之间卫气行处，风与卫气相薄，俱行肉分之间，故气道涩而不利。气道不利，风气内攻，卫气相持，故肉 而疮出也。若卫气被风攻之不得流转，所在偏并凝而不行，则肉有 而不知寒热痛痒之处。）
疠风者，营卫热 （腐同），其气不清，故使鼻柱坏而色败，皮肤疡溃。（此段当作风寒客于脉而不去名曰疠风。疠者营卫热 ，其气不清，故使鼻柱坏而色败，皮肤疡溃。续：此则风气入干经脉之中也。营行脉中，故风入脉中与营气合则热而血腐坏也。其气不清，言溃乱也。然血脉溃乱，营复挟风，阳脉尽上于头鼻为呼吸之所，故鼻柱坏而色恶，皮肤破而溃烂。经曰：疏风盛为疠溃是也。）
在春甲乙日伤于风的为肝风，在夏丙丁日伤于风的为心风，在季夏戊己日伤于邪的为脾风，在秋庚辛日中于邪的为肺风，在冬壬癸日中于邪的为肾风。风中五脏六腑之俞，亦为脏腑之风，各入其门户，所中则为偏风。（续注：随俞左右而偏中之则为偏风。）
风气循风府而上则为脑风，风入系头则为目风眼寒。（续注：风府穴名，督脉阳维之会。脑户者，督脉足太阳之会，故循风府而上则为脑风也。足太阳脉起目内眦，上额交巅上入络脑，故风入系头则为目风眼寒也。）
饮酒中风则为漏风。（续注：热郁腠疏，汗出如漏。）
入房汗出中风则为内风。（续注：内耗其精，外开腠理，风因内袭，故曰内风。）
新沐中风则为首风，久风入中则为肠风飧泄（食不化而出也。风在肠中上熏于胃，故食不化而下出也。）
外在腠理则为泄风。（续注：风居腠理则玄府开通，风薄汗泄，故云泄风。）
所以说：风是百病之长。（续注：长，先也。先百病而有也。）至于变化，就成为其他疾病，没有固定的形式。
黄帝说：五脏受风的形状不同，是什么？希望听听它的诊断及其病形。（续注：诊谓可言之症，能谓内作病形。）
岐伯说：肺风的症状是多汗、恶风，面色 然白，时常咳嗽、短气，白天好转，晚上加重。诊断部位在眉毛上方，颜色白。（续注：凡内多风气则热有余，热则腠理开故多汗也。风薄于内故恶风焉。 薄白色也。肺色白，在变动为咳，主藏气，风内迫之故色 然白，时咳短气也。昼则阳气在表故差，暮则阳气入里风内应之故甚。眉上谓两眉间之上阙庭之部，外司肺候，故诊在焉。）
心风的症状是多汗、恶风，唇焦纹理断绝，容易发怒吓人。（甲乙经无吓字。）病重则言语不快。诊断部位在口，颜色赤。（焦绝谓唇焦文理断绝，热则皮剥故也。风薄于心则神乱故善怒而吓人也。心系挟咽喉而主舌，故病甚则言不可快也。口唇色赤故诊在焉，赤者心色。）
肝风的症状是多汗、恶风，面色微苍，咽喉干，容易发怒，时常厌恶女子。（木之性曲而又直也。）诊断部位在目下，颜色青。（续注：肝脉属肝络胆，上贯膈布胁肋，循喉咙之后入颃颡，其支别者从目系下，故嗌干善怒，诊在目下也。青肝色也。）
脾风的症状是多汗、恶风，身体怠惰，四肢不想活动，面色薄微黄，不喜欢吃东西。诊断部位在鼻上，颜色黄。（续注：脾主四肢，脾风则四肢不欲动矣。脾气合土主中央，鼻于面部亦居中，故诊在焉。黄脾色也。）
肾风的症状是多汗、恶风，面部浮肿如庞然，脊痛不能直立，隐蔽委曲之事不利。（肾者作强之官，精液藏焉，故病隐曲不利。）诊断部位在肌肤上，颜色黑。（续注：庞然言肿起也。肾脏受风则面庞然而浮肿。肾脉起于足下，上股内后廉贯脊，故脊痛不能正立也。隐曲者谓隐蔽委曲之处，肾藏精，外应交接，今被风薄，精气内微，故隐曲之事不通利所为也。经曰：气归精，精食气。今精不足则气内归精，不注于皮，故肌皮上黑也。黑肾色也。）
胃风的症状是颈部多汗、恶风，饮食不下，膈塞不通，腹部常满，脱衣则腹胀，吃冷食则泄泻。诊断形态为形体消瘦而腹部大。（失衣则外寒而中热故 胀，食寒则寒物薄胃而阳不内消故泄利也。胃合脾而主肉，胃气不足则肉不长故瘦，胃中风气蓄聚故腹大。孙思邈曰：新食竟取风为胃气。）
首风的症状是头面多汗、恶风，应当在刮风前一天病情加重，头痛不能出屋室，到了刮风那天病情稍好。（续注：夫人阳气外合于风，故先当风一日则病甚，以先风故亦先衰，是以至其风日则少愈。不可以出屋室之内，以头痛甚不喜外风故也。孙思邈云：新沐浴竟取风为首风。）
漏风的症状是多汗，常常不能穿单衣，吃饭则出汗，严重时全身出汗、喘息、恶风，衣服常湿，口干善渴，不能从事劳累工作。（续注：肺胃风热故不可单衣，甚则风薄于肺故身汗喘息恶风，衣濡口干善渴，形劳则喘息故不能劳事。○孙思邈云：因醉取风为漏风，其状恶风多汗，少气口干善渴，近衣则身热如火，临食则汗流如雨，骨节懈惰不欲自劳。）
泄风的症状是多汗，汗出浸湿衣服，口中干，上部湿润如水渍。患此风不能从事劳累工作，身体尽痛则觉寒。（上渍谓皮上湿如水渍也。汗多则津液涸故口中干，形劳则汗出甚故不能劳，身体尽痛以其汗多，汗多亡阳故寒也。○孙思邈云：新房屋竟取风为内风，其状恶风汗流沾衣裳，疑此泄风乃内风也。风论）
○黄帝说：痹症是如何产生的？岐伯说：风、寒、湿三气杂至，合而为痹。（续注：虽合为痹，发起亦殊也。）风气胜者为行痹，寒气胜者为痛痹，湿气胜者为着痹。（续注：风则阳受之故为痹行，寒则阴受之故为痹痛，湿则皮肉筋脉受之故为痹着而不去也。）
黄帝说：它有五种分类是怎么回事？岐伯说：在冬季遇到此邪的为骨痹，在春季遇到此邪的为筋痹，在夏季遇到此邪的为脉痹，在长夏（至阴）遇到此邪的为肌痹，在秋季遇到此邪的为皮痹。（续注：至阴谓戊巳月及土寄三月也。）
黄帝说：内舍于五脏六腑，是什么气使之然的？岐伯说：此则言五痹以五时之外遇然，内居脏腑，何以致之？岐伯说：五脏皆有合，病久而不去者，内舍于其合也。（续注：合病肝合筋之类，久病不去则入于是。）
所以骨痹不已，复感于邪，内舍于肾；筋痹不已，复感于邪，内舍于肝；脉痹不已，复感于邪，内舍于心；肌痹不已，复感于邪，内舍于脾；皮痹不已，复感于邪，内舍于肺。所谓痹者，各以其时重感于风寒湿之气也。（续注：时谓气王之月，如肝王春之类。感谓感应也。）
凡痹之客于五脏者：肺痹者烦满、喘、呕（以脏气应息，又其脉还循胃口，故使烦满喘而呕）；心痹者脉不通，烦则心下鼓，暴上气而喘，嗌干善噫，厥气上则恐。（续注：心合脉，受邪则脉不通利，邪气内扰故烦也。手心主手少阴之脉俱
Mr. Hua Bo Ren (Hua Shou) compiled various medical books, all of which are extremely exquisite; *Reading Suwen Chao* is one of them. Wang Shishan from Qimen further annotated it, clarifying its purport so that therapeutic principles were fully elucidated. Cheng Quzhai obtained a fine copy and thus enabled its transmission. I read it repeatedly and found it very beneficial for the way of health preservation. Therefore, I commissioned artisans to assist in printing this volume and returned it to Cheng Quzhai, enabling him to combine it into a complete work and distribute printed copies. Anyone interested in health preservation who can devote themselves to studying this text may also avoid errors by incompetent physicians. Upon completion of the printing, I presumptuously added a few words at the end of the volume as follows.
On the fifteenth day of the ninth month of autumn in the Jiashen year of the Jiajing era, Dai Yin of Xinxixi respectfully recorded this.
The excessive influence of the Six Qi (Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) and the severe impact of the Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Pensiveness, Sorrow, Fear, Fright) are the sources of "generated" diseases, involving Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi).
The Yellow Emperor said: The origin of all diseases lies in Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, and Fire, which transform from normal "transformation" (Hua) into abnormal "variation" (Bian). The classics state: "For excess conditions, use draining methods; for deficiency conditions, use tonifying methods." May I hear about these skillful and divine techniques?
Qibo replied: Examine the pathogenesis carefully and do not deviate from the suitability of the Qi (climatic factors); this is what is meant. (Annotation: Wind, Cold, Summer-heat, Dampness, Dryness, and Fire are the Six Qi of Heaven. Still and compliant is called "Transformation"; moving and changing is called "Variation," hence "Zhi Hua Zhi Bian." Acupuncture skills are termed "Gong" (Skill), and medicinal efficacy is termed "Shen" (Divine). I note that pathogenesis does not lie outside the realm of Five Movements and Six Qi. The generation of various diseases belongs either to the Five Movements or the Six Qi, and must be examined carefully. The classics say treating disease must seek its root. "Do not lose the suitability of Qi" means therapeutic methods must distinguish Yin and Yang, identify Biao (Branch) and Ben (Root), explore differences in presence/absence, and assess differences in excess/deficiency. Sweating, vomiting, and purging methods must be appropriate; Cold, Heat, Warmth, and Coolness must be applied correctly, avoiding any deviation or disorder. The classics say: "Do not lose the suitability of Qi if you do not lose faith with Heaven," and "First consider the annual Qi, do not harm the Harmony of Heaven," which refers to this.)
The Yellow Emperor said: I wish to hear about pathogenesis.
Qibo said: All wind diseases characterized by tremors and dizziness belong to the Liver. (Annotation: "Diao" means trembling/shaking; "Xuan" means vertigo/dizziness. Wind nature is active, corresponding to Wood Qi.)
All cold diseases characterized by contraction and pulling belong to the Kidney. (Annotation: Contraction and pulling are functions of Cold; thus, winter cold causes stiffness, corresponding to Water Qi.)
All Qi stagnation and fullness belong to the Lung. (Annotation: "Yu" refers to fullness/stagnation. The function of Qi corresponds to Metal Qi. When Metal is prosperous, misty fog obscures, indicating its affiliation through observation of phenomena.)
All damp diseases characterized by swelling and fullness belong to the Spleen. (Annotation: Earth is dry when level, wet when high. The function of Dampness corresponds to Earth Qi. He Jian stated: The nature of Earth becomes blocked and swollen when excessively wet, just as objects swell when wet. Thus, Late Summer belongs to Earth, and myriad things flourish.)
All heat diseases characterized by confusion and convulsions belong to Fire. All pain, itching, and sores belong to the Heart. (Annotation: Proximity to fire causes slight heat leading to itching, severe heat leading to pain, and burning causing sores; these are all functions of Fire.)
All Jue (reversal/cold extremities), obstruction, and incontinence belong to the Lower Jiao. (Annotation: Lower refers to the Qi of the Liver and Kidney in the Lower Jiao. The Kidney governs retention, and the Liver controls the gates. Thus, all Jue, obstruction, and incontinence belong to the Lower Jiao. "Jue" refers to rebellious Qi; "Gu" refers to retention. Any upward rebellious Qi, retention, or incontinence, whether dry or wet, stems from the governance of the Lower Jiao.)
All Wei (withering) syndromes, panting, and vomiting belong to the Upper Jiao. (Annotation: According to the *Treatise on Wei*, five zang organs cause Wei syndromes due to Lung heat scorching the leaves, hence belonging to the Upper Jiao. Wei also refers to Lung Wei syndrome.)
All cases of locked jaw, drumming of the teeth, and loss of spiritual control belong to Fire. (Annotation: "Jin" is an ancient variant of "Jin" (locked jaw). Losing spiritual control implies losing the spirit that guards the form.)
All Jing (stiffness/spasm) and neck rigidity belong to Dampness. (Annotation: Sinews become stiff and rigid, lacking flexibility. Earth governs tranquility. Yin Jing is called Rou Jing (Soft Spasm); Yang Jing is called Gang Jing (Stiff Spasm). When extreme, harm occurs, and control follows; thus, excessive Dampness may manifest with Wind-like characteristics to control it. However, this mixed transformation is a false image, not actual Wind.)
All rebellious Qi rushing upward belongs to Fire. (Annotation: Fire Qi flares upward.)
All abdominal distension and enlargement belong to Heat. (Annotation: Qi is Yang; excessive Heat causes this.)
All restlessness, mania, and transgression of norms belong to Fire. (Annotation: Heat excess in the Stomach and four limbs. "Zao" is restless agitation and heat disturbance, the nature of Fire. "Kuang" is manic chaos without stability. "Yue" is transgressing rituals and losing normalcy.)
All sudden stiffness and rigidity belong to Wind. (Annotation: "Bao" means sudden onset. Although Dryness/Metal governs tightness and tension, Wind diseases may show Dryness-like transformations due to the principle "When extreme, harm occurs, and control follows.")
All diseases producing sounds, resonating like drums upon percussion, belong to Heat. All diseases presenting with swelling, pain, soreness, fright, and alarm belong to Fire. (Annotation: Swelling results from Heat obstructing Yang Qi. Pain and soreness arise because Fire excess restricts Metal, failing to pacify Wood, leading to Wood excess and mixed transformation. Startle is sudden movement, governed by Fire. Alarm involves fear, a mixed manifestation of Kidney Water due to extreme conditions. Fear injures the Kidney, weakening Water, allowing Heart Fire to prevail, resulting in fright and alarm.)
All turning, twisting, and limb flexion with turbid urine belong to Heat. (Annotation: "Fan Li" refers to tendon turning. Heat drying and scorching sinews causes spasms and pain. Fire governs vexation, burning, and agitation. Turbid urine indicates Heat in the weather.)
All diseases with clear, transparent, and cold body fluids belong to Cold. (Annotation: Fluids expelled from above or below, or vomited/urinated, are clear and cold when Heaven's Qi is cold, causing turbid water to clarify.)
All vomiting, acid regurgitation, sudden diarrhea, and tenesmus belong to Heat. (Annotation: Severe Heat in the Stomach and Diaphragm causes vomiting, reflecting Fire flaring up. Sour taste comes from Liver Wood; Fire excess restricts Metal, failing to control Wood, making Liver Wood excessive, hence sour. Sudden diarrhea results from intestinal Heat disrupting transportation, as Fire is rapid. Tenesmus (heavy sensation and urgency) is caused by Fire's rapid and drying nature.)
Therefore, the *Da Yao* states: Carefully observe the pathogenesis and determine their affiliations. For existing signs, seek their cause; for absent signs, seek hidden causes. For excess, investigate the source; for deficiency, investigate the lack. First, understand the Five Phases' overcoming cycle, unblock Blood and Qi, ensure their free flow, and achieve harmony. This is the meaning. (Profound are the words of the Sage. Seeking existence/non-existence and excess/deficiency covers all aspects. ○ I note: Diseases stem from existence/non-existence and excess/deficiency. Extreme cold with no heat indicates absence of Fire; intermittent fever indicates absence of Fire, requiring Heart tonification. Extreme heat with no cold indicates absence of Water; fluctuating heat indicates absence of Water, requiring Kidney tonification. Internal blockage with vomiting and inability to eat indicates Fire; vomiting food after eating indicates absence of Fire. Sudden diarrhea with undigested food indicates absence of Water; chronic loose stools with irregular cessation indicate absence of Water. Heart excess generates Heat; Kidney excess generates Cold. Kidney deficiency allows Cold to move within the Heart; Heart deficiency allows Heat to gather internally. Heat unable to meet Cold indicates absence of Fire; Cold unable to meet Heat indicates absence of Water. Cold unable to generate warmth blames Water deficiency; Heat unable to sustain warmth blames Heart deficiency. Heat lasting briefly blames Heart deficiency; Cold lasting briefly blames Kidney scarcity. Excess is drained, deficiency is tonified. Between them, unblock obstructions, allow upper and lower interaction, smooth Blood and Qi, so Cold and Heat harmonize and Yin-Yang flows freely. Hence, treating Heat with Cold may cause food refusal; treating Cold with Heat may cause coma and dryness. This results from blocked Qi accumulation. Regarding Water and Fire, other Qi can be inferred. Thus, seeking existence/non-existence and excess/deficiency is the subtle way to smooth Qi. "Wu Sheng" refers to the mutual overcoming of Five Phases. Using Five Phases' Cold/Heat/Warmth/Coolness and Sour/Bitter/Sweet/Pungent/Salty to overcome each other is the method. ○ I note: The Nineteen Pathogeneses examine key disease principles. The sixteen characters "Seek existence/non-existence, investigate excess/deficiency" answer the opening "Drain excess, tonify deficiency" and summarize the Nineteen Pathogeneses, being the essence of essences. *Yuan Bing Shi* only listed the Nineteen Pathogeneses, omitting these sixteen characters, leading to misprescription and premature death. Citing classics proves this. Wind diseases belong to Liver; excessive Wind Wood makes Liver excessive, transforming into Wind (e.g., tremors/dizziness in years of excessive Wood), commonly called Yang Jing or acute convulsions, treated with cooling agents. Dryness Metal overcoming makes Liver attacked, transforming into Wind (e.g., tremors in years of deficient Wood facing Metal), commonly called Yin Jing or chronic convulsions, treated with warming agents. Fire/Heat diseases belong to Heart; excessive Fire makes Heart excessive, transforming into Fire/Heat (e.g., delirium/manic behavior in years of excessive Fire), commonly called Yang Zao or delirious speech, treated with purgative agents. Cold Water overcoming makes Heart attacked, transforming into Fire/Heat (e.g., palpitations/vexation in years of deficient Fire), commonly called Yin Zao or quiet murmurs, treated with tonifying agents. Damp diseases belong to Spleen; excessive Damp Earth makes Spleen excessive, transforming into Damp (e.g., loose stools in Damp excess), Zhongjing used Wu Ling San to remove Damp. Wind Wood overcoming makes Spleen attacked, transforming into Damp (e.g., incomplete digestion in years of excessive Wood), Qian used Xuan Feng San to remove Wind. Qi stagnation belongs to Lung; excessive Dryness Metal makes Lung excessive, transforming into stagnation (e.g., wheezing/cough in years of excessive Metal), Dongyuan called Cold Wheezing, treated with hot agents. Great Heat overcoming makes Lung attacked, transforming into stagnation (e.g., wheezing/cough in years of excessive Fire), Dongyuan called Heat Wheezing, treated with cold agents. Cold diseases belong to Kidney; excessive Cold Water makes Kidney excessive, transforming into Cold (e.g., difficulty bending/stretching in Taiyang periods), Zhongjing used Wu Tou Tang. Wet Earth overcoming makes Kidney attacked, transforming into Cold (e.g., tendon dysfunction in Damp changes), Dongyuan used Fu Qian San and Jian Bu Wan. Diseases transformed from excess are "Sheng" (Excess/True Qi); diseases transformed from attack are "Xu" (Deficiency/Fake Qi). Thus, for transformed diseases, fear the Qi is fake, so seek existence; for non-transformed, fear pathogens hide inside (e.g., Cold transforming to Fire), so seek absence. For seemingly excess, fear it's not true excess, so investigate excess; for seemingly deficient, fear it's not true deficiency, so investigate deficiency. All Nineteen Pathogeneses use these sixteen characters for method, ensuring accurate draining/tonifying. Hejian damaged these sixteen characters, assuming presence equals excess and absence equals deficiency, neglecting fake/deficient realities, a flaw of the wise. *Zhi Zhen Yao Da Lun*)
The Yellow Emperor said: Wind injuring humans (Annotation: Injury means self-inflicted by entering) may cause Cold-Heat, Heat in the Middle, Leprosy, or Hemiplegia. (Hemiplegia should be Pi Feng/Partial Wind; later texts confirm this.) Sometimes (should be Jun/Uniformly) it is Wind disease. Symptoms vary, names differ, sometimes affecting internal Zang-Fu. I do not understand; please explain.
Qibo said: Wind Qi hides between the skin, unable to circulate internally or exit externally. (Annotation: If Cou Li (pores) are open, pathogens enter; once Wind enters, Xuan Fu (pores) close, preventing internal circulation and external release.) Wind moves quickly and changes frequently. Open Cou Li causes shivering cold; closed Cou Li causes heat and oppression. (Annotation: Shivering cold appearance; oppression means discomfort. Open pores let Wind blow, causing cold; closed pores trap Wind, causing oppression.) Cold reduces appetite; Heat consumes muscles, causing chills and inability to eat, named Cold-Heat. (Annotation: Wind entering Stomach reduces appetite; Heat storing internally consumes muscles. Combined Cold-Heat causes chills and anorexia.)
Wind Qi entering the Yangming channel goes into the Stomach, follows meridians to the inner canthus. In fat people, Wind cannot exit, causing Heat in the Middle and yellow eyes. In thin people, Wind exits externally, causing Cold in the Middle and tearing. (Annotation: Yangming is Stomach Meridian. Fat people have dense Cou Li, trapping Wind, causing Heat/Yellow Eyes. Thin people have open Cou Li, releasing Wind, causing Cold/Tearing.)
Wind Qi entering together with Taiyang travels through acupoints, disperses in muscle spaces, interferes with Wei Qi, blocking pathways, causing muscle ulcers. If Wei Qi coagulates and stops, flesh becomes insensible. (Annotation: Wind and Wei Qi clash in muscle spaces, blocking Qi flow. Blocked flow causes Wind to attack internally, holding Wei Qi, causing ulcers. If Wei Qi is attacked and stagnates locally, flesh loses sensation to cold/heat/pain/itch.)
Leprosy involves Heat in Ying and Wei, turbid Qi, causing nasal collapse, discolored face, and skin ulcers. (This section should read: Cold-Wind lodging in meridians and not leaving is named Leprosy. Leprosy involves Heat in Ying/Wei, turbid Qi, causing nasal collapse... Annotation: Wind enters meridians. Ying flows in meridians; Wind combining with Ying causes Heat and blood corruption. Turbid Qi means disorder. Blood vessels disorder, Ying carries Wind. Yang meridians ascend to head/nose (breathing passages), causing nasal collapse/discoloration and skin ulceration. Classics say: Dispersing strong Wind causes Leprosy.)
Wind injuring on Jia/Yi days in Spring affects Liver Wind; on Bing/Ding days in Summer affects Heart Wind; on Wu/Ji days in Late Summer affects Spleen Wind; on Geng/Xin days in Autumn affects Lung Wind; on Ren/Gui days in Winter affects Kidney Wind. Wind striking acupoints of Zang-Fu causes Zang-Fu Wind; entering portals causes Partial Wind. (Annotation: Striking acupoints left/right causes Partial Wind.)
Wind ascending via Fengfu point causes Brain Wind; Wind entering head connections causes Eye Wind and cold eyes. (Annotation: Fengfu is intersection of Du and Yangwei. Naohu is intersection of Du and Taiyang. Ascending Fengfu causes Brain Wind. Taiyang starts at inner canthus, crosses vertex, enters brain. Wind entering head causes Eye Wind.)
Drinking alcohol then catching Wind causes Leak Wind. (Annotation: Heat郁 in open pores causes sweating like leaking.)
Sweating during intercourse then catching Wind causes Internal Wind. (Annotation: Internal essence consumption opens pores; Wind attacks inward, hence Internal Wind.)
Newly washed hair then catching Wind causes Head Wind; long-term Wind entering middle causes Intestinal Wind and incomplete digestion. (Annotation: Wind in intestines steams Stomach, causing undigested food to pass out.)
Wind at Cou Li causes Drain Wind. (Annotation: Wind at pores opens Xuan Fu, forcing sweat out, hence Drain Wind.)
Therefore: Wind is the chief of hundred diseases. (Annotation: Chief means preceding others.) Its variations become other diseases without fixed patterns.
The Yellow Emperor said: Different shapes of Wind in five Zang organs? Please explain diagnosis and pathology. (Annotation: Diagnosis refers to observable symptoms; Pathology refers to internal disease forms.)
Qibo said: Lung Wind presents with sweating, aversion to wind, pale white complexion, frequent coughing, shortness of breath, improving by day, worsening at night. Diagnosis at supraorbital region, color white. (Annotation: Internal Wind causes Heat, opening pores (sweating). Wind attacking interior causes aversion to wind. Pale white is Lung color. Wind pressing Lung causes cough/shortness of breath. Day Yang is exterior (better); Night Yang is interior (worse). Supraorbital area governs Lung.)
Heart Wind presents with sweating, aversion to wind, dry cracked lips, irritability, and frightening expressions. Severe cases speak slowly. Diagnosis at mouth, color red. (Annotation: Dry lips indicate Heat peeling skin. Wind disturbing Heart Spirit causes irritability/fright. Heart connects to throat/tongue; severe cases affect speech. Mouth/lips reflect Heart; red is Heart color.)
Liver Wind presents with sweating, aversion to wind, slightly bluish complexion, dry throat, irritability, and aversion to women. Diagnosis under eyes, color green. (Annotation: Wood nature is curved yet straight. Liver meridian connects to Gallbladder, passes diaphragm, ribs, throat, eye system. Dry throat/irritability relate to this. Under eyes is diagnostic site. Green is Liver color.)
Spleen Wind presents with sweating, aversion to wind, lethargy, desire to keep limbs still, sallow yellow complexion, poor appetite. Diagnosis at nose tip, color yellow. (Annotation: Spleen governs limbs; Wind causes reluctance to move. Spleen/Earth governs center; nose is central on face. Yellow is Spleen color.)
Kidney Wind presents with sweating, aversion to wind, puffy facial edema, back pain, inability to stand straight, and dysfunction in private matters. Diagnosis on skin/muscle, color black. (Annotation: Puffy swelling. Kidney meridian rises from foot, through thigh/spine, causing back pain. Private matters relate to Kidney essence; Wind weakens essence, causing dysfunction. Essence fails to nourish skin, causing blackness. Black is Kidney color.)
Stomach Wind presents with neck sweating, aversion to wind, dysphagia, chest obstruction, abdominal fullness, bloating when unclothed, and diarrhea when eating cold food. Diagnosis shows emaciated body but large abdomen. (Annotation: Unclothing causes external cold/internal heat (bloating); cold food damages Stomach Yang (diarrhea). Stomach governs flesh; deficiency causes emaciation; Wind accumulation causes abdominal distension. Sun Simiao: Catching Wind after eating causes Stomach Wind.)
Head Wind presents with head/face sweating, aversion to wind, worsening one day before wind, severe headache preventing going outdoors, improving on windy days. (Annotation: Yang Qi combines with Wind; pre-wind day shows weakness/worsening. On windy day, condition improves slightly. Headache dislikes external Wind. Sun Simiao: Catching Wind after bathing causes Head Wind.)
Leak Wind presents with profuse sweating, inability to wear single clothes, sweating while eating, severe whole-body sweating, panting, aversion to wind, wet clothes, dry mouth, thirst, and inability to labor. (Annotation: Lung/Stomach Wind-Heat prevents light clothing. Wind attacking Lung causes sweating/panting. Labor increases panting. Sun Simiao: Catching Wind after drinking causes Leak Wind: aversion to wind, sweating, shortness of breath, thirst, heat near clothes, sweating like rain near food, joint laxity.)
Drain Wind presents with profuse sweating soaking clothes, dry mouth, upper body dampness. Cannot labor; body ache with chills. (Annotation: Dampness on skin like water stain. Sweat depletes fluids (dry mouth). Labor worsens sweating. Body ache/chills result from sweat depleting Yang. Sun Simiao: Catching Wind in new house causes Internal Wind; suspects Drain Wind is Internal Wind. *Feng Lun*)
○ The Yellow Emperor said: How does Bi syndrome arise? Qibo said: Wind, Cold, and Dampness mix to form Bi. (Annotation: Though combined, origins differ.) Wind dominance causes Xing Bi (Moving Bi); Cold dominance causes Tong Bi (Pain Bi); Dampness dominance causes Zhuo Bi (Fixed Bi). (Annotation: Wind affects Yang (moving); Cold affects Yin (pain); Dampness affects skin/flesh/tendons (fixed)).
Yellow Emperor said: What are the five types? Qibo said: Encountering this in Winter causes Gu Bi (Bone Bi); in Spring, Jin Bi (Tendon Bi); in Summer, Mai Bi (Vessel Bi); in Late Summer (Zhi Yin), Ji Bi (Muscle Bi); in Autumn, Pi Bi (Skin Bi). (Annotation: Zhi Yin refers to Wu/Ji months and Earth residing in third month.)
Yellow Emperor said: How do they enter internal Zang-Fu? Qibo said: Five Bi from five seasons enter internal Zang via their associations. (Annotation: e.g., Liver associates with Tendons; long-standing disease enters association.)
Thus, Bone Bi unhealed + re-infection enters Kidney; Tendon Bi enters Liver; Vessel Bi enters Heart; Muscle Bi enters Spleen; Skin Bi enters Lung. Bi arises from re-exposure to Wind-Cold-Damp in respective seasons. (Annotation: Season refers to prosperous months; Gan prosper in Spring. Gan means resonance.)
Bi invading five Zang: Lung Bi causes vexation, fullness, panting, vomiting (Qi matches respiration; meridian loops stomach). Heart Bi causes vessel blockage, vexation, palpitations, sudden upward Qi/panting, dry throat, belching, fear from rebellious Qi. (Annotation: Heart governs vessels; pathogen blocks flow, disturbing Spirit. Pericardium/Heart meridians...)