伤风与伤寒相似阴症与阳症宜知若不辨明杀人多矣虽仲景张公有伤寒专门之
书
我可不必再传然而各有不同正不可不传也伤寒之异于伤风者何以辨之一在感之轻
一则感之重也伤风者伤寒之轻者也伤寒者伤风之重者也原无大分别苟不急治
之
则伤风者即变为伤寒矣盖人之元气最恶外邪人身一感风邪则元气必然与邪相战
元气旺者邪不能深入不能深入邪自然留于皮毛之间而不敢入于腠理之内不过一二日
而
邪散者正气以祛邪之易也若正气虚者则入于内而变为伤寒矣非伤风伤寒之有异也
有异于人之元气虚弱而已矣然则遇风邪之侵人者开手即用补正祛邪之药何至
伤风之变为伤寒哉若既已风入于腠理之内则邪即有阴邪阳邪之分矣大约入于腑
则
为阳邪入于脏则为阴邪矣是邪亦无阴阳之分亦分于人之脏腑之阴阳也然而腑又不同
脏又各异又从何处以辨之哉我有一法辨症最易大约身热而烦躁者阳症也身热而安静
喜
睡者阴症也虽阴症阳症中各有分别而此法终为千古不易之论也倘一遇风寒之侵体无
论是伤寒伤风一剂即愈断不须二剂也方名转春丹此治初起之伤寒伤风也倘三日后
身有不凉者此成伤寒之症矣亦不必问其阴症阳症吾有一方治之随手而回春矣方即
名回春丹一剂身即凉而邪即退再一剂全愈矣倘不听吾言则变症蜂起矣可查仲景
专门治之二方之妙各有深意转春丹用桂枝与麻黄此胡可并用使邪入太阳者速散而
邪不敢入于少阳之间且邪原未入内故可用补药以和解之方中所以用芍药先去平肝使邪之门
路速断用茯苓又引邪从膀胱太阳下行自然随手奏功转一阳于顷刻也回春丹之妙妙在不
用芍药桂枝盖邪已入里已离太阳之经何必又用桂枝况邪由卫而入于少阳之经倘更用
芍药不特不能平肝而且引邪入肝矣盖肝最恶邪侵于未近邪之时可以未雨绸缪而已近
邪之顷难于及时杜绝余方中所以不敢用之也石膏麻黄青蒿之类纯是入卫祛邪之圣药
单攻一府而邪自难留不得不从外而入者仍从外而出矣况方中又多调济之品有不奏功
如响者乎世人细思吾方即授之以治伤寒之症又安有杀人而比之刀刃者哉
转春丹
桂枝（五分） 柴胡（一钱五分） 麻黄（三分） 白芍（五钱） 茯苓（三钱） 甘草（一钱） 陈皮（
七分） 白术（三钱） 半夏（三分） 神曲（一钱） 苏叶（八分） 水煎服
回春丹
麻黄（一钱） 石膏（二钱） 青蒿（五钱） 柴胡（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 茯苓（五钱） 当归（五钱）
陈
皮（一钱） 神曲（一钱） 麦冬（三钱） 生地（三钱） 白芥（二钱） 人参（三分） 玄参（二钱） 水煎服
伤风与伤寒的症状相似，阴证与阳证的病机不同，必须加以辨别。如果不辨明这些区别，往往会导致死亡，这种情况非常多见。虽然张仲景先生有专门论述伤寒的著作，我们本不必再重复传授，但两者各有不同之处，确实不可不传。
如何辨别伤寒与伤风的差异呢？主要在于感受邪气的轻重不同。伤风是较轻的伤寒，伤寒则是较重的伤风。原本二者没有太大的分别，如果治疗不及时，伤风就会转变为伤寒。这是因为人的元气最厌恶外邪，人体一旦感受风邪，元气必然与邪气相抗争。元气旺盛的人，邪气不能深入，自然停留在皮毛之间，不敢进入腠理之内，不过一两天邪气就会消散，这是正气容易祛除邪气的表现。若正气虚弱，邪气就会内入而转变为伤寒。这并不是伤风和伤寒本身有本质区别，而是取决于人的元气是否虚弱。
那么，遇到风邪侵袭时，一开始就使用扶正祛邪的药物，怎么会发生伤风转变为伤寒的情况呢？如果风邪已经侵入腠理之内，邪气就有阴邪和阳邪的区别。大致来说，邪气进入腑则为阳邪，进入脏则为阴邪。这也是因为邪气本身并无阴阳之分，而是根据人所患脏腑的阴阳属性来区分。然而，六腑各不相同，五脏也各异，又从哪里来辨别呢？
我有一种方法，辨证最容易：大约身体发热且烦躁的是阳证；身体发热但安静、喜欢睡觉的是阴证。虽然阴证和阳证中还有更细致的分别，但这种方法终究是千古不变的真理。倘若遇到风寒侵袭身体，无论是伤寒还是伤风，服用一剂药即可痊愈，绝对不需要第二剂。这个方子名叫“转春丹”，这是治疗初起阶段的伤寒和伤风的方子。
如果三天后身体仍然不凉快，这就形成了典型的伤寒症状了。此时也不必询问是阴证还是阳证，我有一个方子可以治疗，效果立竿见影。这个方子名叫“回春丹”，服用一剂身体就会凉爽，邪气就会退去，再服一剂就能完全痊愈。如果不听我的建议，变症就会蜂拥而起，那时可以查阅张仲景专门治疗的书籍。
这两个方子的奥妙各有深意。“转春丹”中使用桂枝和麻黄，这两味药可以并用，使邪气在太阳经迅速消散，而邪气不敢进入少阳经。而且邪气原本未入内，所以可以使用补药来和解。方中使用芍药是为了先平抑肝气，切断邪气入侵的门路；使用茯苓则是引导邪气从膀胱太阳经下行，自然能随手奏效，顷刻间扭转阳气。“回春丹”的奥妙在于不使用芍药和桂枝。因为邪气已经入里，已经离开了太阳经，何必再用桂枝呢？况且邪气由卫分进入少阳经，如果再使用芍药，不仅不能平抑肝气，反而会引邪入肝。肝脏最厌恶邪气侵扰，在未接近邪气时可以未雨绸缪，但在接近邪气之时难以及时杜绝。其他方剂中我不敢使用这两味药的原因就在这里。石膏、麻黄、青蒿等药物纯粹是进入卫分、祛除邪气的圣药，单独攻逐一腑的邪气，邪气自然难以停留。既然邪气是从外部侵入的，仍应从外部排出。况且方中又多调和调剂之品，哪有不能像回声一样迅速见效的道理呢？世人仔细思考我的方子，即使传授给人治疗伤寒病症，怎么会有像刀刃杀人那样的危害呢？
转春丹
桂枝（五分） 柴胡（一钱五分） 麻黄（三分） 白芍（五钱） 茯苓（三钱） 甘草（一钱） 陈皮（七分） 白术（三钱） 半夏（三分） 神曲（一钱） 苏叶（八分） 水煎服
回春丹
麻黄（一钱） 石膏（二钱） 青蒿（五钱） 柴胡（二钱） 甘草（一钱） 茯苓（五钱） 当归（五钱） 陈皮（一钱） 神曲（一钱） 麦冬（三钱） 生地（三钱） 白芥（二钱） 人参（三分） 玄参（二钱） 水煎服
Wind-stroke (Shangfeng) and Cold-injury (Shanghan) present with similar symptoms, while Yin-patterns (Yinzheng) and Yang-patterns (Yangzheng) differ in pathogenesis; these must be distinguished. Failure to clarify these distinctions often leads to death, a phenomenon that occurs frequently. Although Master Zhang Zhongjing has dedicated works on Cold-injury, we need not repeat them. However, since they have distinct differences, transmission is indeed necessary.
How to distinguish Cold-injury from Wind-stroke? The difference lies in the severity of the pathogenic invasion. Wind-stroke is a mild form of Cold-injury, whereas Cold-injury is a severe form of Wind-stroke. Originally, there is little distinction between them; if not treated promptly, Wind-stroke may transform into Cold-injury. This is because the body's Original Qi (Yuanshi) abhors external pathogens. Once the body is invaded by wind-pathogens, Original Qi inevitably battles against them. In individuals with robust Original Qi, pathogens cannot penetrate deeply and remain superficially between the skin and hair, daring not enter the interstices (Coulí). Within one or two days, the pathogens dissipate due to the ease with which righteous Qi expels them. Conversely, in those with deficient righteous Qi, pathogens enter internally, transforming into Cold-injury. This is not an inherent difference between Wind-stroke and Cold-injury, but rather depends on the deficiency of the individual's Original Qi.
Therefore, when encountering wind-pathogen invasion, why would Wind-stroke transform into Cold-injury if one immediately employs formulas that tonify righteousness and expel pathogens? If wind-pathogens have already entered the interstices, the pathogens can be classified as Yin-pathogens or Yang-pathogens. Generally, pathogens entering the Fu-organs constitute Yang-pathogens, while those entering the Zang-organs constitute Yin-pathogens. Pathogens themselves do not possess Yin-Yang attributes; rather, this distinction arises from the Yin-Yang nature of the affected Zang-Fu organs. However, each Fu-organ differs, and each Zang-organ varies; how then can one distinguish them?
I have a method for syndrome differentiation that is most straightforward: generally, fever accompanied by restlessness indicates a Yang-pattern; fever accompanied by quietness and a desire to sleep indicates a Yin-pattern. Although further distinctions exist within both Yin and Yang patterns, this method remains an unchanging principle through the ages. Upon encountering wind-cold invasion, whether it is Cold-injury or Wind-stroke, one dose of medicine will suffice for recovery, absolutely no second dose is needed. This formula is named "Zhuan Chun Dan" (Spring-Turning Elixir), used for treating early-stage Cold-injury and Wind-stroke.
If after three days the body temperature does not subside, the condition has evolved into typical Cold-injury. At this point, there is no need to inquire whether it is a Yin-pattern or Yang-pattern; I have a formula to treat it, yielding immediate results. This formula is named "Hui Chun Dan" (Return-to-Spring Elixir). One dose will cool the body and repel pathogens; a second dose will ensure complete recovery. If one disregards this advice, complications will arise like swarms of insects. At that stage, one may consult Zhang Zhongjing’s specialized texts.
The subtleties of these two formulas are profound. "Zhuan Chun Dan" utilizes Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) components (Guizhi) and Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) components (Mahuang). These can be used together to rapidly dissipate pathogens in the Taiyang meridian, preventing their entry into the Shaoyang meridian. Since the pathogens have not yet entered the interior, tonifying herbs can be used to harmonize. Baishao (White Peony Root) is included to first pacify the Liver, cutting off pathways for pathogen invasion; Fuling (Poria) guides pathogens downward via the Bladder and Taiyang channels, ensuring efficacy. This instantly restores Yang energy.
The subtlety of "Hui Chun Dan" lies in the exclusion of Baishao and Guizhi. Since pathogens have entered the interior and left the Taiyang meridian, why use Guizhi? Furthermore, as pathogens move from the Wei-level (Defensive level) into the Shaoyang meridian, using Baishao would not only fail to pacify the Liver but also draw pathogens into the Liver. The Liver detests pathogenic invasion; preventive measures are effective before pathogens approach, but difficult to implement once they are near. Hence, I dare not use them in other contexts. Shigao (Gypsum), Mahuang (Ephedra), and Qinghao (Sweet Wormwood) are supreme herbs for entering the Defensive level and expelling pathogens. By attacking pathogens in a single Fu-organ, retention becomes difficult. Since pathogens entered from the exterior, they should exit from the exterior. Moreover, the formula contains harmonizing agents, ensuring rapid efficacy like an echo. Reflecting carefully on my formulas, even when taught to treat Cold-injury, how could they cause harm like a blade?
Zhuan Chun Dan
Guizhi (5 fen) Chaihu (1.5 qian) Mahuang (3 fen) Baishao (5 qian) Fuling (3 qian) Gancao (1 qian) Chenpi (7 fen) Baizhu (3 qian) Banxia (3 fen) Shenqu (1 qian) Suye (8 fen) Decoct in water and take orally.
Hui Chun Dan
Mahuang (1 qian) Shigao (2 qian) Qinghao (5 qian) Chaihu (2 qian) Gancao (1 qian) Fuling (5 qian) Danggui (5 qian) Chenpi (1 qian) Shenqu (1 qian) Maidong (3 qian) Shengdi (3 qian) Baijiezi (2 qian) Renshen (3 fen) Xuanshen (2 qian) Decoct in water and take orally.