夫痢疾多是湿热，然湿热之所以停积于腹中者，气阻之也。凡人大便，气闭则结，
气逆则泻。有湿热而更兼气逆，徒用消湿泻热之药，不用理气之味，则过于下行，
气必更滞矣。治法必须利气，佐之消湿泻热之剂为妙。虽然气之所以逆者，以下多
亡阴，阴血亏损，气乃不顺，遂因之作逆也。欲气逆而仍反为顺，必须补阴以生血。
然而血不可以遽生，阴不可以骤长，用顺气之药，加入于补阴补血之中，则阴血渐
生，痢可速止矣。方用荜茇散∶
荜茇（三钱） 芍药（五钱） 当归（五钱） 牛乳（半斤） 同煎。一半空腹顿服。一剂痢止，
再剂不再痢也。
盖荜茇最能顺气，且去积滞更神，入之于归、芍之中，更能生长阴血。佐
之牛乳者，牛乳属阴，乳乃血类，无形之阴血不能遽长，用有形之阴血以滑其肠中之迫
急，则血即无阳，阴又不损，转能佐气以去其结滞，故奏功甚捷，取效独奇耳。
此症用顺气汤亦效。
广木香（三钱） 乌药 甘草 枳壳（各一钱） 白芍（五钱） 炒栀子 车前子（各三钱）
水煎服。
人有肠 下血，另作一派喷唧而出，且有力而射远，四散如筛，腹中大痛，人
以为阳明气冲，热毒所作也，谁知是气血下陷之极乎。夫清气上升，则浊物自降，
惟清阳之气，既不能上升，则浊阴之物，必留滞于肠中而不化。况助之湿热之毒，
则血不能藏，乃下注而喷射矣。或疑血不上藏，洞泻宜矣，何下出如筛乎？此乃湿
热之毒，气火盛，逞其威作其势也。至于另作一派，唧血远射者，邪与正不两立，
正气化食，而邪气化血，正气既虚，不敢与邪相战，听邪气之化血，不与邪气同行
以化食，邪气遂驱肠中之血以自行，肠中之食既不得出，乃居腹而作痛，邪气夺门
而出，是以另行作一派远射有力也。治法升其阳气，泻其湿热之毒，则正气盛而邪
自衰，邪衰而血亦不下也。方用升和汤∶
陈皮（五分） 熟地（五钱） 当归（三钱） 生地（二钱） 丹皮（一钱） 升麻（一钱） 甘草（五分）
黄（三钱） 白芍（五钱） 车前子（三钱） 黄芩（一钱） 水煎服。二剂血止，再二剂全愈。
此方名为升阳，其实补阴。但升阳而不补阴，则阳气愈陷，以阳气之升，升于
阴气之充也。盖下血既久，其阴必亡，惟用当、芍、二地以补阴，而后益之黄 之
补气，则气自升举，即不用升麻之提，而阳已有跃跃欲举之势。矧助升麻又加车前
之去湿，丹皮、黄芩之散火，则湿热两消，何气之再陷乎？此升阳全在和之之妙也。
此症升陷汤亦神。
人参 当归（各五钱） 熟地 白芍（各一两） 丹皮 荆芥 车前子（各三钱） 甘草 黄连（各五分）
水煎服。
人有痢久不止，日夜数十行，下如清涕，内有紫黑血丝，食渐减少，脉沉细弦
促，人以为湿热之毒未除，谁知是瘀血未散乎。夫痢成于湿热，未闻痢成于瘀血也。
不知血喜流行，若不流行且化瘀矣。况因内外之伤以成瘀，欲其不化为痢难矣。世
人不知成瘀之故，试举其一二言之∶如饱食之后复加疾走，或饮酒之余更多叫号，
或殴伤忍痛，或跌磕耐疼，或大怒而气无可泄，或遇郁而愁无可解，或餐燔炙之太
多，或受诃责之非分，皆能致瘀而成痢也。及致成痢，以治痢之药投之，绝无一验
者，以所成之痢，乃似痢而非痢也。治法但治其瘀，不治其痢则得耳。方用消瘀神丹∶
乳香（一钱） 没药（一钱） 桃仁（十四个） 滑石（三钱） 广木香（一钱） 槟榔（一钱）
白芍（五钱） 神曲糊为丸。米饮下百丸，连服二日，即下秽物而愈。倘二日少痊，不全
愈者，此瘀盛也。用大黄一钱煎汤，送前丸二百丸，无不愈矣。
此方治瘀，而痢未常不兼治也。凡治痢久不愈者，可用此丸以下其瘀血，要在
人消息之也。
此症用分瘀汤亦神。
大黄 车前子（各三钱） 丹皮（五钱） 当归（一两） 枳壳 柴胡（各一钱） 水煎服。
痢疾大多是由湿热引起的，然而湿热之所以停滞积聚在腹部，是因为气机阻滞。大凡人的大便，气机闭塞则便秘，气机上逆则腹泻。如果有湿热又兼有气机上逆，仅仅使用消除湿气、泻除热邪的药物，而不使用调理气机的药物，药性过于下行，气机必定会更加滞涩。治疗方法必须疏通气机，辅以消除湿气、泻除热邪的药剂，这才是妙法。虽然气机上逆的原因，是因为下部大量流失阴液，导致阴血亏损，气机才不顺遂，从而引发气逆。想要使上逆的气机重新变得顺遂，必须滋补阴液以生成血液。然而血液不能迅速生成，阴液不能骤然增长，在使用顺气药物的同时，加入滋补阴血之中，那么阴血就会逐渐生成，痢疾就可以快速停止了。方剂用荜茇散：
荜茇（三钱） 芍药（五钱） 当归（五钱） 牛乳（半斤） 共同煎煮。一半空腹一次性服用。一剂后痢疾停止，再服一剂不再复发。
大概荜茇最能顺气，而且去除积滞效果神奇，放入当归、芍药之中，更能生长阴血。辅助使用牛乳的原因，在于牛乳属阴，乳汁属于血的同类，无形的阴血不能迅速增长，使用有形的阴血来润滑肠道中的紧迫急迫感，那么即使血中没有阳气，阴液也不受损伤，反而能辅助气机去除结滞，所以奏效很快，取得的效果特别奇特。
这种病症使用顺气汤也有效。
广木香（三钱） 乌药 甘草 枳壳（各一钱） 白芍（五钱） 炒栀子 车前子（各三钱）
水煎服。
有人患肠风下血，另外形成一股喷射而出，而且有力且射得远，四散如筛网孔洞一般，腹部剧烈疼痛，人们以为是阳明经气冲，是热毒造成的，谁知道这是气血下陷到了极点呢。清阳之气上升，浊物自然下降，只有清阳之气，既然不能上升，那么浊阴之物，必定滞留于肠道中而不能消化。何况还有湿热的毒邪助势，那么血液就不能固藏，于是向下灌注而喷射了。或许有人怀疑血不向上固藏，发生洞泄是应该的，为什么向下排出像筛子一样分散呢？这是因为湿热的毒邪，气火旺盛，逞其威风作其气势罢了。至于另外形成一股，喷射出血且射得远的原因，是因为邪气与正气不相容，正气负责消化食物，而邪气负责化生血液，正气既然虚弱，不敢与邪气相战，听任邪气化生血液，不与邪气同行以消化食物，邪气于是驱赶肠道中的血液自行排出，肠道中的食物既然无法排出，就停留在腹部引起疼痛，邪气夺取门户而出，所以另行形成一股远射有力的现象。治疗方法提升阳气，泻除湿热的毒邪，那么正气强盛而邪气自然衰退，邪气衰退而血液也不再下注了。方剂用升和汤：
陈皮（五分） 熟地黄（五钱） 当归（三钱） 生地黄（二钱） 牡丹皮（一钱） 升麻（一钱） 甘草（五分）
黄芪（三钱） 白芍（五钱） 车前子（三钱） 黄芩（一钱） 水煎服。两剂后血止，再两剂完全痊愈。
这个方子名为升阳，其实是在补阴。只是升阳如果不补阴，那么阳气会更加下陷，因为阳气的上升，是依赖于阴气的充盛。大概下血时间既久，阴液必然亡失，只有使用当归、芍药、生地、熟地来补阴，然后再加上黄芪来补气，那么气自然会升举，即使不使用升麻的提升作用，阳气也已经有了跃跃欲试想要升举的趋势。况且辅助升麻又加上车前子的去湿，牡丹皮、黄芩的散火，那么湿热两消，哪里还有气再次下陷的道理呢？这个升阳全在于调和的奥妙之处。
这种病症使用升陷汤也很神效。
人参 当归（各五钱） 熟地黄 白芍（各一两） 牡丹皮 荆芥 车前子（各三钱） 甘草 黄连（各五分）
水煎服。
有人患痢疾长久不止，白天黑夜数十次排便，排出的像清鼻涕一样，里面有紫黑色的血丝，食欲逐渐减少，脉象沉细弦促，人们以为是湿热的毒邪没有清除，谁知道这是瘀血没有消散呢。痢疾形成于湿热，没听说过痢疾形成于瘀血。不知道血液喜欢流通，如果不流通就会化瘀。何况因为内伤外损而形成瘀血，想要它不化为痢疾很难了。世人不知道形成瘀血的原因，试着列举其中一二来说明：比如饱食之后又加快速度行走，或者饮酒之后更多叫喊号哭，或者被打伤强忍疼痛，或者跌倒磕碰忍耐痛楚，或者大怒而气无处发泄，或者遇到郁结而愁苦无处排解，或者吃烧烤炸的食物太多，或者受到不合分量的呵责，都能导致瘀血而形成痢疾。等到形成痢疾，用治疗痢疾的药物投治，绝对没有一例有效的，因为所形成的痢疾，是似痢而非真正的痢疾。治疗方法只要治疗瘀血，不治疗痢疾就可以了。方剂用消瘀神丹：
乳香（一钱） 没药（一钱） 桃仁（十四个） 滑石（三钱） 广木香（一钱） 槟榔（一钱）
白芍（五钱） 用神曲糊作为丸剂。米饮送服一百丸，连续服用两天，即排出秽物而痊愈。如果两天后稍微好转，没有完全痊愈的，这是瘀血盛实。用大黄一钱煎汤，送服前面的丸剂二百丸，没有不痊愈的。
这个方子治疗瘀血，而痢疾未尝不兼治。凡是治疗痢疾长久不愈的，可以用这个丸剂来下其瘀血，关键在于人斟酌处理罢了。
这种病症使用分瘀汤也很神效。
大黄 车前子（各三钱） 牡丹皮（五钱） 当归（一两） 枳壳 柴胡（各一钱） 水煎服。
Dysentery is mostly caused by damp-heat. However, the reason why damp-heat stagnates and accumulates in the abdomen is due to Qi obstruction. Generally speaking, for human defecation, if Qi is blocked, it results in constipation; if Qi rebels upward, it results in diarrhea. If there is damp-heat accompanied by rebellious Qi, using only drugs that eliminate dampness and purge heat without using those that regulate Qi will cause the medicinal properties to descend too heavily, making the Qi even more stagnant. The treatment method must involve promoting the flow of Qi, assisted by agents that eliminate dampness and purge heat, which is the best approach. Although the reason for rebellious Qi is that excessive loss of Yin fluids from below leads to a deficiency of Yin blood, causing Qi to become unsmooth and thus leading to rebellion, to make the rebellious Qi smooth again, one must tonify Yin to generate blood. However, blood cannot be generated suddenly, nor can Yin be increased abruptly. By adding Qi-regulating herbs into formulas that tonify Yin and blood, Yin and blood will gradually regenerate, and dysentery can be stopped quickly. The prescription used is Bi Bo San (Long Pepper Powder):
Bi Bo (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Shaoyao (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Danggui (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Niurou (Banjin, approx. 250ml) Decocted together. Take half empty-stomach in one dose. After one dose, dysentery stops; after another dose, it will not recur.
Bi Bo is particularly effective at smoothing Qi and removing stagnation with miraculous effect. When added to Danggui and Shaoyao, it further promotes the generation of Yin blood. The reason for assisting with Niurou (Cow's Milk) is that cow's milk belongs to Yin, and milk is similar to blood. Since formless Yin blood cannot grow rapidly, using substantial Yin blood helps lubricate the urgency in the intestines. Thus, even if the blood lacks Yang, the Yin is not damaged, and it can assist Qi in resolving stagnation, hence achieving rapid results and unique efficacy.
For this condition, Shun Qi Tang (Smooth Qi Decoction) is also effective.
Guangmuxiang (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Wuyao Gancao Zhike (Each Yi Qian, approx. 3g) Baishao (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Chao Zhizi Cheqianzi (Each Sanqian, approx. 9g)
Decoct in water and take orally.
Some patients suffer from intestinal bleeding where blood spurts out in a separate stream, forcefully shooting far and scattering like a sieve, accompanied by severe abdominal pain. People assume this is due to Mingyang Qi rushing upward caused by heat-toxin, but who would know it is actually extreme sinking of Qi and Blood? When Clear Yang Qi ascends, turbid matter naturally descends. Only when Clear Yang Qi fails to ascend will Turbid Yin matter remain stagnant in the intestines and fail to transform. Moreover, aided by the toxicity of damp-heat, the blood cannot be contained, leading to downward pouring and spurting. One might doubt: if blood fails to stay above, profuse diarrhea is expected, why does it come out scattered like a sieve? This is because the toxicity of damp-heat causes Qi and Fire to flourish and exert their power. As for the separate stream spurting blood far away, it is because evil and righteous Qi do not coexist. Righteous Qi transforms food, while evil Qi transforms blood. Since Righteous Qi is deficient, it dares not fight Evil Qi, allowing Evil Qi to transform blood. Not traveling with Evil Qi to transform food, Evil Qi drives the blood in the intestines to discharge independently. Since the food in the intestines cannot exit, it stays in the abdomen causing pain, while Evil Qi breaks through the gate, resulting in a separate, forceful, long-distance spurting stream. The treatment method involves raising Yang Qi and purging the toxicity of damp-heat, so that Righteous Qi becomes strong and Evil Qi naturally declines; as Evil Qi declines, blood no longer flows downward. The prescription used is Sheng He Tang (Harmonizing Ascension Decoction):
Chenpi (Wufen, approx. 1.5g) Shudi (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Danggui (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Shengdi (Erqian, approx. 6g) Danpi (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Shengma (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Gancao (Wufen, approx. 1.5g)
Huangqi (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Baishao (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Cheqianzi (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Huangqin (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Decoct in water and take orally. After two doses, bleeding stops; after another two doses, full recovery occurs.
This formula is named "Raising Yang," but its essence is tonifying Yin. Merely raising Yang without tonifying Yin will cause Yang Qi to sink further, because the ascent of Yang Qi relies on the abundance of Yin Qi. Generally, prolonged bleeding leads to Yin exhaustion. Only by using Danggui, Shaoyao, Shengdi, and Shudi to tonify Yin, and then supplementing with Huangqi to tonify Qi, will Qi naturally rise. Even without the lifting action of Shengma, Yang Qi already shows a tendency to rise. Furthermore, assisting Shengma with Cheqianzi to remove dampness, and Danpi and Huangqin to dissipate fire, eliminates both dampness and heat, leaving no room for Qi to sink again. The miracle of this Yang-raising formula lies entirely in its harmonizing nature.
For this condition, Sheng Xian Tang (Lifting Collapse Decoction) is also miraculous.
Renshen Danggui (Each Wuqian, approx. 15g) Shudi Baishao (Each Yiliang, approx. 30g) Danpi Jingjie Cheqianzi (Each Sanqian, approx. 9g) Gancao Huanglian (Each Wufen, approx. 1.5g)
Decoct in water and take orally.
Some patients suffer from chronic dysentery lasting long periods, defecating dozens of times day and night, passing stool resembling clear mucus, containing purple-black blood threads, with gradually decreasing appetite, and a pulse that is deep, fine, wiry, and hurried. People assume the toxicity of damp-heat has not been eliminated, but who would know it is actually unresolved Blood Stasis? Dysentery forms from damp-heat; it is unheard of for dysentery to form from blood stasis. One should know that blood prefers to flow freely; if it does not flow, it becomes stasis. Moreover, internal and external injuries lead to stasis, making it difficult for it not to transform into dysentery. People are unaware of the causes of stasis formation; let us mention a few: walking rapidly after a full meal, shouting or crying excessively after drinking, enduring pain from beating injuries, tolerating pain from falls and bumps, raging anger with no outlet for Qi, encountering depression with no way to resolve sorrow, consuming too much roasted or fried food, or receiving unjustified reprimands—all can cause stasis and lead to dysentery. Once dysentery forms, treating it with standard dysentery remedies yields no success, because the resulting dysentery is "like dysentery but not true dysentery." The treatment method is to address the stasis alone, ignoring the dysentery symptoms. The prescription used is Xiao Yu Shen Dan (Miraculous Pill for Resolving Stasis):
Ruxiang (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Moyao (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Taoren (Shisige, 14 pieces) Huashi (Sanqian, approx. 9g) Guangmuxiang (Yiqian, approx. 3g) Binglang (Yiqian, approx. 3g)
Baishao (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Made into pills with Shenqu paste. Take 100 pills with rice water, continuously for two days, until foul matter is discharged and recovery occurs. If slightly improved after two days but not fully cured, this indicates severe stasis. Use Dahuang (Yiqian, approx. 3g) decocted in water to wash down 200 pills of the previous formula; all cases will be cured.
This formula treats stasis, yet incidentally treats dysentery as well. For chronic dysentery that does not heal, this pill can be used to expel blood stasis, depending on the practitioner's judgment.
For this condition, Fen Yu Tang (Separating Stasis Decoction) is also miraculous.
Dahuang Cheqianzi (Each Sanqian, approx. 9g) Danpi (Wuqian, approx. 15g) Danggui (Yiliang, approx. 30g) Zhike Chaihu (Each Yiqian, approx. 3g) Decoct in water and take orally.