张仲景为伤寒杂病论合十六卷。今世但传伤寒论十卷。杂病未见其书。或于诸家方中。载其一二矣。
翰林学士王洙。在馆阁日。于蠹简中。得仲景金匮玉函要略方三卷。上则辨伤寒。中则论杂病。下则载其方。
并疗妇人。乃录而传之士流。才数家耳。尝以对方证对者。施之于人。其效若神。然而或有证而无方。或有
方而无证。救疾治病。其有未备。国家诏儒臣。校正医书。臣奇先校正伤寒论。次校定金匮玉函经。今又校
成此书。仍以逐方次于证候之下。使仓卒之际。便于检用也。又采散在诸家之方。附于逐篇之末。以广其法。
以其伤寒文多节略。故断自杂病以下。终于饮食禁忌。凡二十五篇。除重复。合二百六十二方。(程云仲景只二
百二十九方。余俱附方。)勒成上中下三卷。依旧名曰金匮方论。臣奇尝读魏志华佗传云。出书一卷曰。此
书可以活人。每观华佗凡所疗病。多尚奇怪。不合圣人之经。臣奇谓活人者。必仲景之书也。大哉炎农圣法。
属我盛旦。恭惟主上丕承大统。抚育元元。颁行方书。拯济疾苦。使和气盈溢。而万物莫不尽和矣。太子
右赞善大夫。臣高保衡。尚书都官员外郎。臣孙奇。司封郎中充秘阁校理。臣林亿等。传上。
案魏志华佗传云。佗临死出一卷书。与狱吏曰。此可以活人。吏畏法不受。佗亦不强。索火烧之。此佗
书无传明矣。而张蒇活人书序云。华佗指张长沙伤寒论。为活人书。襄阳府志云。仲景着伤寒论十卷。行
于世。华佗读而喜曰。此真活人书。而丁德用注难经。则云难经历代传之一人。至魏华
佗。乃烬其文于狱下。此则难经为烬余之文。此皆实无其事。不过藉佗。而神其书耳。
仲景金匮录。岐黄素难之方。近将千卷。患其混杂烦重。有求难得。故周流华裔九州之内。收合奇异。
捃拾遗逸。拣选诸经筋髓。以为方论一编。其诸救疗暴病。使知其次第。凡此药石者是诸仙之所造。服之将
来固无夭横。或治疗不早。或被师误。幸具详焉。(此一篇。宋本。俞本。赵本。并载林亿等序后。)
按葛氏肘后方序云。仲景元化刘戴秘要金匮。绿帙黄素方。近将千卷。患其混杂烦重。有求难得。故
周流华夏九州之中。收合奇异。捃拾遗逸。选而集之。使种类殊分。缓急易简。凡为百卷。名曰玉函。然非
有力。不能尽写。云云。(亦见抱朴子。)兹所载文。与此颇同。但首尾异耳。徐本删之。为是。
张仲景将《伤寒论》与《杂病论》合并为十六卷。如今世间只流传《伤寒论》十卷,《杂病论》未见其书。或许在诸家医方中,偶尔记载其中的一两篇内容。
翰林学士王洙,在馆阁任职期间,从蛀蚀的竹简中,得到了张仲景的《金匮玉函要略方》三卷。上卷辨析《伤寒》,中卷论述《杂病》,下卷记载方剂。并包含治疗妇人的内容,于是抄录并传于世间的士大夫阶层,才仅有几户人家收藏。曾经用“方证对应”的方法施治于人,疗效神奇。然而有时有证候而无方剂,有时有方剂而无对应的证候,救治疾病的治疗手段尚有不完善之处。国家诏令儒臣校正医书,臣孙奇先校订了《伤寒论》,接着校定了《金匮玉函经》,如今又校定完成此书。仍将各个方剂依次排列在证候之下,以便在紧急时刻便于查阅使用。又采集散见于诸家医书中的方剂,附在各篇末尾,以扩充治疗方法。因为关于《伤寒》的文字多有节略,所以从《杂病》以下开始断限,终于饮食禁忌,共二十五篇,除去重复内容,合计二百六十二个方剂。(程云认为张仲景只有二百二十九个方剂,其余都是附方。)编撰成上、中、下三卷,沿用旧名称为《金匮方论》。臣孙奇曾读《三国志·华佗传》说,(华佗)拿出一卷书说:“这本书可以救活人。”每次观察华佗所治疗的疾病,大多崇尚奇异,不符合圣人的经典理论。臣孙奇认为能“活人”的,一定是张仲景的书。伟大啊,炎帝神农的法度,降临在我大宋盛世。恭敬地仰慕皇上继承大统,抚育百姓,颁布施行方书,拯救救济疾苦,使和气充盈溢满,而万物没有不和谐的。太子右赞善大夫臣高保衡、尚书都官员外郎臣孙奇、司封郎中充秘阁校理臣林亿等人,呈献上来。
查考《三国志·华佗传》说,华佗临死前拿出一卷书,给狱吏说:“这可以救活人。”狱吏害怕法律不敢接受,华佗也不强求,拿火把它烧掉了。这华佗的书没有流传是明确的。而张蒇《活人书序》说,华佗指张仲景(长沙太守)的《伤寒论》为活人书。《襄阳府志》说,张仲景著《伤寒论》十卷,流行于世。华佗读后高兴地说:“这才是真正的活人书。”而丁德用注释《难经》时,则说《难经》历代只传给一个人,到了魏国华佗,才把文章烧毁在监狱中。这说明《难经》是灰烬余留的文章。这些都不是真实的事情,不过是借华佗之名来神化他们的书罢了。
张仲景的《金匮录》,汇集了岐伯、黄帝、素女、难经中的方剂,将近千卷,担心它们混杂繁重,有所需求难以得到,所以周游华夏九州之内,收集奇异之方,拾取遗失逸散的医方,挑选各经的精髓,编撰成方论一卷。其中各种救治突发疾病的方法,让人知道治疗的次第。凡此药物疗法,都是众仙所创造的,服用它将来必定不会早夭横死。或者治疗不及时,或被医生误治,希望详细考察。(这一篇,《宋本》、《俞本》、《赵本》都记载在林亿等人的序言之后。)
按葛洪《肘后备急方》序言说,张仲景、元化(华佗)、刘戴的秘要《金匮》、绿帙黄素方,将近千卷,担心它们混杂繁重,有所需求难以得到,所以周游华夏九州之中,收集奇异之方,拾取遗失逸散的医方,选择并汇集它们,使种类区分清楚,缓急易于简化。总共一百卷,命名为《玉函》。然而不是有权势力量的人,不能全部抄写,等等。(也见于《抱朴子》)。这里所载的文字,与此颇为相同,只是首尾不同而已。徐氏删去了这部分,是正确的。
Zhang Zhongjing combined the *Treatise on Cold Damage* (Shanghan Lun) and the *Treatise on Miscellaneous Diseases* (Zabing Lun) into sixteen volumes. Currently, only ten volumes of the *Treatise on Cold Damage* are transmitted in the world, while the book on miscellaneous diseases is not seen. Perhaps one or two excerpts are recorded among various medical formulas.
Wang Zhu, a Hanlin Academician, while serving in the Imperial Library, discovered three volumes of Zhang Zhongjing's *Essential Formulas for the Golden Casket and Jade Box* (Jin Gui Yu Han Yao Lue Fang) among worm-eaten bamboo slips. The upper volume discusses cold damage; the middle volume treats miscellaneous diseases; the lower volume records formulas. It also includes treatments for women. He transcribed and circulated it among the scholar-officials, but it was possessed by only a few families. When applied to patients using the method of "matching formulas with syndromes" (Fang Zheng Dui), the efficacy was miraculous. However, sometimes there were syndromes without formulas, or formulas without corresponding syndromes, making the treatment of diseases incomplete. The State commissioned Confucian scholars to collate medical texts. Minister Sun Qi first collated the *Treatise on Cold Damage*, then collated the *Jin Gui Yu Jing*, and has now completed the collation of this book. Each formula is placed sequentially under its respective syndrome, facilitating quick reference in emergencies. Additionally, scattered formulas from various sources were collected and appended to the end of each chapter to broaden therapeutic methods. Since the text on cold damage was largely abridged, the compilation starts from the section on miscellaneous diseases and ends with dietary contraindications, comprising twenty-five chapters. After removing duplicates, there are two hundred and sixty-two formulas in total. (Cheng Yun notes that Zhang Zhongjing originally had only two hundred and twenty-nine formulas; the rest are supplementary formulas.) The work was compiled into three volumes (Upper, Middle, Lower), retaining the old title *Jin Gui Fang Lun*. Minister Sun Qi once read in the *Records of Wei* (Wei Zhi) biography of Hua Tuo that he produced a scroll saying, "This book can save lives." Observing Hua Tuo's treatments, they often seemed strange and did not conform to the classics of the Sages. Minister Sun Qi believed that the book capable of "saving lives" must be Zhang Zhongjing's. Great indeed is the sacred method of Yan Nong (Emperor Shennong), bestowed upon our prosperous era. We reverently acknowledge that His Majesty has inherited the great throne, nurtured the common people, promulgated medical books, and rescued those suffering from illness, allowing harmony to overflow so that all things may be in perfect accord. Presented by Gao Baoheng, Right Praiseworthy Gentleman to the Crown Prince; Sun Qi, Vice Director of the Department of State Ceremonial; Lin Yi, Langzhong of the Ministry of Personnel and Scholar at the Secret Pavilion, et al.
According to the *Records of Wei* biography of Hua Tuo, before his death, Hua Tuo gave a scroll to the prison warden saying, "This can save lives." The warden, fearing the law, refused to accept it. Hua Tuo did not force him, took the scroll, and burned it. Thus, it is clear that Hua Tuo's book was not transmitted. However, Zhang Chan's preface to the *Huo Ren Shu* states that Hua Tuo pointed to Zhang Changsha's (Zhang Zhongjing) *Treatise on Cold Damage* as the life-saving book. The *Xiangyang Prefecture Gazetteer* says Zhang Zhongjing wrote ten volumes of the *Treatise on Cold Damage*, which circulated in the world. Hua Tuo read it and rejoiced, saying, "This is truly a life-saving book." Meanwhile, Ding De Yong's commentary on the *Nan Jing* claims that the *Nan Jing* was passed down to only one person in each generation until Hua Tuo of Wei, who burned the text in prison. This implies the *Nan Jing* is a remnant of ashes. These accounts are factually incorrect; they merely use Hua Tuo to mystify their books.
The *Jin Gui Lu* of Zhang Zhongjing compiled nearly a thousand volumes of formulas from Qibo, Huangdi, Su Nu, and the *Nan Jing*. Worried that these were mixed and cumbersome, making them hard to obtain when needed, he traveled throughout the Nine Provinces of Huaxia, collecting rare prescriptions and gathering lost ones, selecting the essence of various classics to compile a single volume of formulas and discussions. It covers treatments for acute illnesses, providing a sequence of care. Such pharmacological therapies are created by immortals; taking them ensures one will not die prematurely or unnaturally. If treatment is delayed or mistaken by physicians, detailed examination is advised. (This passage appears after the preface by Lin Yi et al. in the Song, Yu, and Zhao editions.)
According to the preface of Ge Hong's *Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies* (Zhou Hou Bei Ji Fang), the secret *Jin Gui* of Zhang Zhongjing, Yuanhua (Hua Tuo), and Liu Dai, along with the Green Silk and Yellow Tube formulas, numbered nearly a thousand volumes. Worried about their complexity and difficulty in access, he traveled through the Nine Provinces, collecting rare remedies and lost texts, organizing them by category to simplify urgent applications. The result was a hundred volumes named *Yu Han*. However, only those with power could copy them all. (Also cited in *Baopuzi*). The text here is similar to that citation, differing only in the beginning and end. Xu's deletion of this part is correct.