铜人明堂。黄帝岐伯鬼臾区留以活天下后世。自隔垣透肤之妙无传。乃谓是能绝筋脉伤
。至望而畏之。有疾则甘心于庸医。百药之俱试。不知病在巅者。必灸风池风府。非桂枝辈
所能攻。病在膺者。必灸刺魂门。虽枳实辈不能下。遂至于束手无策。岂不哀哉。近世朱肱
庞安常俱为针法。许知可亦谓病当以刺愈。三衢邹握虎以治法为歌诗该括行。古圣贤活人之
意。赖以复传。今东嘉王叔权又取三百六十穴。背面巅末。行分类别。以穴对病。凡百氏
之说切于理。自己之见得于心者。悉疏于下。针灸之书。至是始略备。古圣贤活人之意。至
是始无遗憾。传谓为人子者。不可不学医。予亲年八十。精力强健。非赖此书耶。因俾医卫
世杰订证不传见者十有八条。锓木庾司。以补惠民之阙。时嘉定庚辰孟夏朔承议郎提举淮南
东路常平茶盐公事徐正卿序
\r偃伏头部中行十穴\pf-f1.bmp\r
神庭一穴。在鼻直入发际五分。灸二七壮。止七七壮。岐伯曰∶凡欲疗风。勿令灸多。
性轻。多即伤。惟宜灸七壮。止三七壮。禁针。针即发狂。忌生冷鸡猪羊酒面动风等物。
明堂云∶举火之时。忌热食。不宜热衣。
上星（自此以下。不言一穴。）在鼻直上入发际一寸陷中。（明堂云。容豆是。）以细三棱
针之
同。甲乙经、热穴论注、并刺三分。囟会在上星后（明堂云。上星上。）一寸陷中。可灸二
七壮至七七壮。初灸即不痛。病去即痛。痛即罢灸。针入二分。（此后去入字。）留三呼。得
气即泻。若八岁以下。不得针。缘囟门未合。刺之、不幸令人夭。忌同。素问注云∶刺四
予少刻苦。年逾壮则脑冷。或饮酒过多。则脑疼如破。后因灸此穴。非特脑不复冷。他
日酒醉。脑亦不疼矣。凡脑冷者宜灸之。
前顶在囟会后寸半骨陷中。甄权云是一寸。今根据素问寸半为定。针一分。灸三壮。止七
七。忌同。素注云、（此后去问字。）刺四分。
百会一名三阳五会。在前顶后寸半。顶中央旋毛中。可容豆。灸七壮。止七七。凡灸头
顶不得过七壮。缘头顶皮薄。灸不宜多。针二分。得气即泻。唐秦鸣鹤刺微出血。头痛立愈。素
旧传秦鸣鹤针高宗头风。武后曰∶岂有至尊头上出血之理。已而刺之。微出血。头疼立
后亟取金帛赐之。是知此穴能治头风矣。明堂经治中风言语謇涩。半身不遂。凡灸七处。亦
先于百会。北人始生子则灸此穴。盖防他日惊风也。予旧患心气。偶睹阴阳书。有云∶人
身有四穴最急应。四百四病皆能治之。百会盖其一也。因灸此穴而心气愈。后阅灸经。此穴
果主心烦惊悸。健忘无心力。自是间或灸之。百病皆主。不特治此数疾而已也。（一名天满
神聪四穴。在百会四面各相去一寸。理头风目眩狂乱风痫。左主如花。右主如果。针三分。
明堂有此四穴。而铜人无之。其穴治头风目眩狂乱风痫。亦所不可废者。故附入于此。明堂
一穴。在鼻直上入发际一寸。理头风多鼻涕鼻塞。三日一报。针二分。
按铜人明堂及诸家针灸经。鼻直上入发际一寸。皆云上星穴。明堂经于此复云明堂穴。
不知何所据。且附入于此。所谓疑以传疑也。（今以诸经校勘。上星穴者是。）
后顶一名交冲。在百会后寸半枕骨上。灸五壮。针二分。明云四分。（后凡云明云
者。明堂经云也。）
强间一名大羽。在后顶后寸半。针二分。灸七壮。明云五壮。
脑户一名合颅。在枕骨上强间后寸半。禁针。针令人哑。可灸七壮。亦不可妄灸。令人
夭。明云、灸令人失音。针三分。素注云四分。甲乙云不可灸。
铜人云禁针。素问明堂乃云针入三分四分。亦可疑矣。不如不针为稳。素问盖云刺脑户
风府一名舌本。在顶后发际上一寸。大筋内宛宛中。疾言其肉立起。言休立下。禁灸
。使人失音。针三分。明云四分。留三呼。又云舌缓、针风府。（见下）
岐伯对黄帝伤寒之问曰∶巨阳者、诸阳之属也。其脉连于风府。故为诸阳主气也。然则
者、固伤寒所自起也。北人皆以毛裹之。南人怯弱者、亦以帛护其项。俗谓三角是也。予少
怯弱。春冬须数欠感风。自用物护，后无此患矣。凡怯弱者、须护项后可也。（今妇人用帛
蔽项。名护项。乃云蔽垢腻。其名虽存。其义亡矣。）
哑门（一作喑）一名舌横。一名舌厌。在项中央。入发际五分宛宛中。督脉、阳维之会。入系
舌本。仰头取之。禁灸。令人哑。针三分。素注云∶在项后发际宛中。去风府一寸。明云
。舌急不言。如何治。答曰∶舌急针喑门。舌缓针风府。得气即泻。可小绕针入八分。
留三呼。泻五吸。泻尽更留针取之。得气即泻。
铜人明堂（针灸铜人与经络腧穴图）是黄帝、岐伯和鬼臾区留给后世以救治天下百姓的。自从那种能隔着墙壁透视肌肤的妙法失传后，人们便认为针刺会损伤筋脉。因此，人们看到针具就感到畏惧，有了疾病便甘愿听任庸医摆布，各种药物都尝试一遍，却不知道病在头顶部的，必须艾灸风池穴和风府穴，这不是桂枝汤之类的方剂所能攻治的；病在胸部的，必须艾灸或针刺魂门穴，即使是枳实之类的药也不能使其下行。于是最终束手无策，这难道不可悲吗？近代朱肱、庞安常都精通针法，许知可也认为疾病应当通过针刺来治愈。三衢人邹握虎将治疗方法编成歌诗概括流传，古代圣贤救人的心意，依靠这些才得以重新传承。如今东嘉人王叔权又选取三百六十个穴位，对背部、正面、头部顶端等进行分类，以穴位对应病症，凡是各家学说中合乎道理的，以及自己心中领悟到的见解，都详细列在下面。针灸书籍，到这时才大致完备。古代圣贤救人的心意，到这时才没有遗憾。传说作为子女的人，不可以不学医。我的父亲八十岁了，精力强健，如果不是依赖这本书，哪里能做到呢？于是让医生卫世杰校订了十八条未曾见过的内容，刻印在转运司，以弥补惠民药局的缺失。时间是嘉定庚辰年（1200年）初夏初一，承议郎、提举淮南东路常平茶盐公事徐正卿作序。
偃伏头部中行十穴
神庭穴一个，在鼻子直上进入发际五分处。艾灸七壮，最多不超过七七壮。岐伯说：凡是想要治疗风病，不要让艾灸过多。因为艾火性质轻扬，多了就会造成伤害，只适宜灸七壮，最多不超过三七壮。禁止针刺，针刺会导致发狂。忌食生冷、鸡肉、猪肉、羊肉、酒、面食等动风的食物。《明堂》记载：点火施灸时，忌吃热食，不宜穿热衣。
上星穴（以下各穴不再重复说明“一穴”二字），在鼻子直上进入发际一寸的凹陷处。（《明堂》说：能容纳一颗豆粒大小的空间。）用细三棱针针刺。《甲乙经》、《热穴论注》都说刺入三分。
囟会在上星穴后方一寸的凹陷处。（《明堂》说：在上星穴上方。）可以艾灸二七壮至七七壮。刚开始艾灸时不痛，病好了之后才会痛，痛了就停止艾灸。针刺入二分。（此处去掉“入”字。）留针三个呼吸的时间，得气后立即泻法。如果八岁以下儿童，不得针刺，因为囟门未闭合，刺之不幸会导致夭折。禁忌同上。《素问注》说：刺……（原文此处有缺漏）。我年轻时刻苦读书，年纪大了以后头脑发冷，或者饮酒过多，就会头痛欲裂。后来艾灸了这个穴位，不仅头脑不再发冷，日后即使醉酒，头脑也不会疼痛了。凡是头脑发冷的都适宜艾灸此穴。
前顶在囟会后寸半处的骨陷中。甄权说是一寸，现在根据《素问》定为寸半。针刺一分，艾灸三壮，最多七七壮。禁忌同上。《素问注》说：刺四分。（此处去掉“问”字。）
百会又名三阳五会，在前顶后寸半处，头顶中央旋毛中，能容纳一颗豆粒。艾灸七壮，最多七七壮。凡是艾灸头顶不得超过七壮，因为头顶皮肤薄，艾灸不宜过多。针刺二分，得气后立即泻法。唐代秦鸣鹤针刺微出血，头痛立刻痊愈。旧传秦鸣鹤针刺高宗的头风病，武后说：“哪有至尊头上出血的道理。”随后还是针刺了，微出血，头疼立刻就好了。事后皇帝急忙取金帛赐给他。由此可知此穴能治疗头风。《明堂经》治疗中风言语謇涩、半身不遂，凡是灸七个部位，也要先在百会穴开始。北方人生下孩子就艾灸此穴，大概是防止日后患惊风。我过去患心气病，偶然看到阴阳书，上面说：人身有四个穴位最急效，四百四病都能治疗，百会就是其中之一。于是艾灸此穴而心气病痊愈。后来阅读《灸经》，此穴果然主治心烦惊悸、健忘、无心力。从此偶尔艾灸它，百病皆主，不仅仅是治疗这几样疾病罢了。（一名天满）神聪四穴，在百会四面各相距一寸，理头风、目眩、狂乱、风痫。左主治如花，右主治如果。针刺三分。《明堂》有此四穴，而《铜人》中没有。这些穴位治疗头风、目眩、狂乱、风痫，也是不可废弃的，所以附入于此。明堂一穴，在鼻子直上进入发际一寸，理头风多鼻涕、鼻塞。三日一次报灸。针刺二分。
按《铜人明堂》及诸家针灸经，鼻子直上进入发际一寸，都说是上星穴。《明堂经》在这里又说有明堂穴，不知道依据是什么，暂且附入于此，所谓疑以传疑。（现在用诸经校勘，认为是上星穴是对的。）
后顶又名交冲，在百会后寸半枕骨上。艾灸五壮，针刺二分。《明堂》说四分。（后凡云“明云”者，指《明堂经》云。）
强间又名大羽，在后顶后寸半。针刺二分，艾灸七壮。《明堂》说五壮。
脑户又名合颅，在枕骨上强间后寸半。禁止针刺，针刺使人哑。可艾灸七壮，也不可随意艾灸，否则令人夭折。《明堂》说：灸使人失音。针刺三分。《素问注》说四分。《甲乙经》说不可灸。
《铜人》说禁针，《素问》、《明堂》却说针入三分四分，这也令人怀疑。不如不针刺为稳妥。《素问》大概说刺脑户……
风府又名舌本，在头顶后发际上一寸，大筋内宛宛中。快速说话时肌肉立即隆起，说话停止时肌肉立即下沉。禁止艾灸，使人失音。针刺三分。《明堂》说四分。留三呼。又说舌缓，针刺风府。（见下文）
岐伯回答黄帝关于伤寒的提问说：巨阳（太阳经），是诸阳的归属。它的经脉连于风府，所以是诸阳的主气。既然这样，风府确实是伤寒起始的地方。北方人都用毛包裹头部，南方体弱的人也用帛保护颈部，俗称三角巾。我年轻时怯弱，春冬季节经常欠伸感风，自己用物品保护后，就没有这个隐患了。凡是怯弱的人，必须保护颈部才行。（现在妇人用帛遮蔽颈部，名叫护项，说是为了遮蔽污垢油腻，名称虽然存在，但原义已经消失了。）
哑门（一作喑）又名舌横，又名舌厌，在项部中央，入发际五分宛宛中。是督脉、阳维脉的交会穴。入系舌本。仰头取穴。禁止艾灸，使人哑。针刺三分。《素问注》说：在项后发际宛中，去风府一寸。《明堂》说……舌急不言，怎么治疗？回答说：舌急针刺喑门，舌缓针刺风府。得气后立即泻法。可以小范围绕针入八分，留三呼，泻五吸。泻尽后更留针取之，得气即泻。
Bronze Man Ming Tang (Acupuncture Bronze Statue and Meridian Acupoint Diagram) was left by the Yellow Emperor, Qibo, and Gui Yuzhou to save the people of the world for generations. Since the miraculous ability to see through walls and skin was lost, people believed that acupuncture would damage tendons and vessels. Consequently, they feared needles at first sight, willingly submitted to quack doctors when ill, tried all kinds of medicines, and did not know that for diseases located at the vertex, one must moxa Fengchi (Wind Pool) and Fengfu (Wind Mansion), which cannot be treated by formulas like Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction); for diseases located in the chest, one must moxa or needle Hunmen (Soul Gate), which cannot be resolved downward even by herbs like Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange). Thus, they were eventually at a loss, which is indeed lamentable. In recent times, Zhu Gong and Pang Anchang both mastered acupuncture methods; Xu Zhike also stated that diseases should be cured by needling. Zou Wohu from Sanqu compiled treatment methods into songs and poems, allowing the intent of ancient sages to save lives to be transmitted again. Now, Wang Shuquan from Dongjia has selected 360 acupoints, categorized them by back, front, and vertex, matched acupoints to diseases, and listed below all theories from various schools that are reasonable, as well as his own insights. Books on acupuncture and moxibustion have thus become roughly complete. The intent of ancient sages to save lives has thus no regrets. It is said that a son must study medicine. My father is eighty years old and vigorous; without relying on this book, how could he be so? Therefore, I had the physician Wei Shijie collate eighteen previously unseen items, had them woodblock printed at the Transport Commission, to supplement the deficiencies of the Huimin Pharmacy. The time is the first day of early summer in the Gengchen year of Jiading (1200 AD), Preface by Xu Zhengqing, Chengyi Lang and Director of the Changping Tea and Salt Administration of the Eastern Route of Huainan.
Ten Acupoints along the Midline of the Head in the Prone Position
Shenting (Spirit Court): One acupoint, located five fen directly above the nose entering the hairline. Moxa seven zhuang, up to seventy-seven zhuang. Qibo said: Whenever treating wind disorders, do not moxa excessively. Because moxa fire is light and ascending, excessive use causes injury. It is suitable only to moxa seven zhuang, up to thirty-seven zhuang. Needling is forbidden; needling induces madness. Avoid cold/raw foods, chicken, pork, mutton, alcohol, and wheat products that stir wind. *Ming Tang* records: When lighting moxa, avoid hot food and hot clothing.
Shangxing (Upper Star): (The following acupoints do not repeat "one acupoint"). Located one cun directly above the nose entering the hairline in a depression. (*Ming Tang* says: space sufficient to hold a bean.) Needle with a fine three-edged needle. *Jia Yi Jing* and *Re Xue Lun Zhu* both state to needle three fen.
Xinhui (Fontanel Meeting): Located one cun behind Shangxing in a depression. (*Ming Tang* says: above Shangxing.) Moxa twenty-eight zhuang to seventy-seven zhuang. Initially, moxa does not hurt; after the disease is gone, it hurts. If it hurts, stop moxa. Needle two fen. (Remove the character "enter" here.) Retain for three breaths; apply reducing method upon arrival of Qi. For children under eight years old, do not needle, because the fontanelle is not closed; pricking it unfortunately leads to premature death. Taboos are the same as above. *Su Wen Zhu* states: Prick... (text missing here). In my youth, I studied hard; as I grew older, my head felt cold. Or if I drank too much alcohol, my head would ache as if breaking. Later, after moxa this acupoint, not only did my head cease to feel cold, but even when drunk later, my head did not ache. Anyone with a cold head should moxa this acupoint.
Qian Ding (Front Vertex): Located one and a half cun behind Xinhui in a bony depression. Zhen Quan said it is one cun; now based on *Su Wen*, fix it at one and a half cun. Needle one fen, moxa three zhuang, up to seventy-seven. Taboos are the same. *Su Wen Zhu* states: Prick four fen. (Remove the character "Wen" here).
Baihui (Hundred Convergences), also known as San Yang Wu Hui (Three Yang Five Converge): Located one and a half cun behind Qian Ding, in the central whorl of hair on the vertex, space sufficient to hold a bean. Moxa seven zhuang, up to seventy-seven. Whenever moxa the top of the head, do not exceed seven zhuang, because the skin on the vertex is thin, and moxa should not be excessive. Needle two fen; apply reducing method upon arrival of Qi. In the Tang Dynasty, Qin Minghe needled until slight bleeding occurred, and headache was immediately cured. Old tradition says Qin Minghe needled Emperor Gaozong's head wind disorder. Empress Wu said, "How can there be bleeding on the head of the Supreme Ruler?" Nevertheless, they needled, slight bleeding occurred, and the headache stopped immediately. The emperor hastily bestowed gold and silk upon him. This shows this acupoint can treat head wind. *Ming Tang Jing* treats stroke with slurred speech and hemiplegia; when moxa seven locations, one must start with Baihui. People in the North moxa this acupoint when a child is born, presumably to prevent future infantile convulsions. I formerly suffered from Heart Qi disorder. Accidentally seeing a Yin-Yang book, it said: "There are four most urgent acupoints on the human body that can treat all four hundred and four diseases." Baihui is one of them. So I moxa this acupoint and the Heart Qi disorder healed. Later reading *Jiu Jing* (Book of Moxibustion), this acupoint indeed governs mental restlessness, palpitations due to fright, amnesia, and lack of vitality. Since then, I occasionally moxa it, and it governs hundred diseases, not just treating these few ailments. (Also known as Tian Man) Shencong Four Acupoints: Located four cun around Baihui, each one cun apart. Treat head wind, vertigo, mania, and wind epilepsy. Left governs like flowers, right governs like fruit. Needle three fen. *Ming Tang* has these four acupoints, but *Tong Ren* (Bronze Man) does not. These acupoints treating head wind, vertigo, mania, and wind epilepsy are indispensable, so they are appended here. Ming Tang One Acupoint: Located one cun directly above the nose entering the hairline. Treat head wind with excessive nasal discharge and nasal congestion. Moxa once every three days. Needle two fen.
According to *Tong Ren Ming Tang* and various acupuncture classics, one cun directly above the nose entering the hairline is all referred to as Shangxing. *Ming Tang Jing* here again mentions Ming Tang acupoint, not knowing what the basis is. Temporarily append here, saying "transmit doubt as doubt." (Now verified by comparing various classics, it is Shangxing acupoint.)
Hou Ding (Rear Vertex), also known as Jiao Chong: Located one and a half cun behind Baihui on the occipital bone. Moxa five zhuang, needle two fen. *Ming Tang* says four fen. (Whenever it says "Ming Yun" afterwards, it refers to *Ming Tang Jing*).
Qiang Jian (Strong Intervertebral), also known as Da Yu: Located one and a half cun behind Hou Ding. Needle two fen, moxa seven zhuang. *Ming Tang* says five zhuang.
Naohu (Brain Door), also known as He Lu: Located on the occipital bone, one and a half cun behind Qiang Jian. Forbidden to needle; needling causes aphonia. Can moxa seven zhuang, but do not moxa recklessly, or it causes premature death. *Ming Tang* says: Moxa causes loss of voice. Needle three fen. *Su Wen Zhu* says four fen. *Jia Yi* says forbidden to moxa.
*Tong Ren* says forbidden to needle, but *Su Wen* and *Ming Tang* say needle three to four fen, which is also suspicious. Better not to needle for stability. *Su Wen* probably states prick Naohu...
Fengfu (Wind Mansion), also known as She Ben (Root of Tongue): Located one cun above the posterior hairline at the vertex, within the great tendon in a depression. Upon rapid speech, the muscle rises immediately; upon stopping speech, the muscle settles immediately. Forbidden to moxa; causes aphonia. Needle three fen. *Ming Tang* says four fen. Retain for three breaths. Also says tongue flaccidity, needle Fengfu. (See below).
Qibo answered the Yellow Emperor's question about Cold Damage (Shanghan): Ju Yang (Great Solar/Taiyang) is the affiliation of all Yang meridians. Its vessel connects to Fengfu, thus it is the master qi of all Yang. Therefore, Fengfu is indeed where Cold Damage originates. People in the North wrap their heads with fur; weak people in the South protect their necks with cloth, commonly called a triangular scarf. In my youth, I was timid and weak; in spring and winter, I often yawned and caught wind. By using items to protect myself, I had no such trouble thereafter. Anyone who is timid and weak must protect the back of the neck. (Now women use cloth to cover the neck, named Hu Xiang (Protect Neck), claiming it covers dirt and grease; although the name exists, the original meaning is lost.)
Yamen (Silent Gate), also written as Yin, also known as She Heng (Horizontal Tongue) and She Yan (Tongue Aversion): Located in the center of the nape, five fen entering the hairline in a depression. It is the meeting point of the Du Mai (Governing Vessel) and Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel). Enters to tie the root of the tongue. Take the point with the head raised. Forbidden to moxa; causes aphonia. Needle three fen. *Su Wen Zhu* says: In the depression at the posterior hairline of the neck, one cun away from Fengfu. *Ming Tang* says... Tongue stiff and unable to speak, how to treat? Answer: Tongue stiff needle Yamen; tongue flaccid needle Fengfu. Apply reducing method upon arrival of Qi. Can needle obliquely inward eight fen, retain for three breaths, reduce for five inhalations. After reducing is exhausted, retain the needle further to obtain Qi, then apply reducing method.