李惺庵曰暴死者卒然而倒其因甚多详于诸症今复类举者欲仓卒之际辨症显然耳如暴仆口
噤吐
涎身温体暖脉虚者中风也二陈汤加天麻钩藤如腹痛额黑手足收引脉来沉迟无气以息中寒也急
灸关元服理中四逆汤有本于阴虚复遇暑途饥困劳役暴仆昏绝者此暑邪乘虚而犯神明之府生脉
散加香薷如有痰声者名曰痰厥此虚阳载痰上升也四君子加竹沥姜汁不可用二陈燥痰之剂如行
立之间暴眩仆绝喉无痰声身无邪热者此阴虚而阳暴绝也独参汤如暴怒卒倒身冷无涎污者名曰
气厥四磨汤重者姜汤调苏合香丸如食后着寒着气而暴死者名曰食厥二陈汤探吐之小儿多有此
症有大怒载血瘀于心胸而暴死者名曰血升宜逐瘀行血妇人产后经行偶着恚怒多有之如感臭秽
瘴毒暴死者名曰中恶视膝腕内有红筋刺出紫血或刺十指头出血候醒以藿香正气散调之或探丧
入庙或入无人之室或造天地坛场归来暴绝面赤不语者名口尸厥进药即死宜移病患东首焚香北
面礼拜更宜醋炭熏鼻有伤寒新瘥与妇人交忽患少腹急痛外肾搐缩而黑喘急冷汗自出名曰脱元
有因大吐大泻后卒然四肢厥冷不省人事名曰脱阳俱宜急以葱白紧缚放脐上以艾火灸之使热气
入腹后以参附姜汤救之汗止喘息为可治迟则无及矣有男女交接而死者男子名走阳女子名脱阴
男虽死阳事犹然不倒女虽死阴户犹然不闭有梦中脱泄死者其阳必举阴必泄尸容尚带喜笑为可
证也皆在不救。
李惺庵说：猝死是指人突然倒下，其成因非常多，在各类病症中已有详细论述。这里再次分类列举，是为了在紧急关头能够清晰地辨别证候。
例如：突然仆倒、口噤（牙关紧闭）、吐涎沫、身体温暖、脉搏虚弱的，属于中风病。治疗用二陈汤加天麻、钩藤。
如果有腹痛、额头发黑、手足拘挛收缩、脉象沉迟、气息微弱的，属于中寒证。应立即灸关元穴，并服用理中汤和四逆汤。
如果本有阴虚之体，又遭遇暑热天气，加上饥饿、困倦、劳累役使而突然仆倒昏绝的，这是暑邪乘虚侵犯心神所致。治疗用生脉散加香薷。
如果伴有痰鸣声的，称为痰厥，这是虚阳载着痰浊上升所致。治疗用四君子汤加竹沥、姜汁，不可使用二陈汤等燥湿化痰的方剂。
如果在行走站立之间，突然眩晕仆倒昏绝，喉间无痰声，身体没有邪热的，这是阴虚而阳气暴脱所致。治疗用独参汤。
如果因暴怒突然倒下，身体冰冷，没有涎沫污物的，称为气厥。治疗用四磨汤；重症者用姜汤送服苏合香丸。
如果在进食后受寒或受气而突然死亡的，称为食厥。治疗用二陈汤探吐。小儿多有此症。
有大怒导致血液瘀滞于心胸而突然死亡的，称为血升。治疗宜逐瘀行血。妇女产后或月经期间，偶尔因愤怒引发此症。
如果因感受臭秽瘴毒之气而突然死亡的，称为中恶。治疗应视膝腕部是否有红筋显现，若有则刺出紫血，或刺十指头出血。待患者苏醒后，用藿香正气散调理。
或者有人进入丧事场所、无人居住的屋子，或前往天地坛场归来后突然昏绝，面色发红、不能言语的，称为尸厥。此时进药即死，应当将病患头部转向东方，焚香面向北方礼拜，更宜用醋炭熏鼻。
有伤寒病刚痊愈就进行房事，忽然出现少腹急痛、外生殖器抽搐收缩、气喘急促、冷汗自出的，称为脱元。
有因剧烈呕吐腹泻后，突然四肢厥冷、不省人事的，称为脱阳。以上两种情况都应立即用葱白紧紧捆绑放在肚脐上，用艾火灸之，使热气进入腹部，随后用人参附子生姜汤救治。汗止、喘息平稳为可治之兆，若延误则无救了。
有男女交接时死亡的，男子称为走阳，女子称为脱阴。男子即使死亡，阴茎仍不倒软；女子即使死亡，阴道仍不闭合。有梦中遗精泄泻而死的，其阴茎必勃起，阴液必泄漏，尸体面容尚带喜笑之色，可作为证据。这些情况都属于无法救治的。
Li Xing'an stated: Sudden death (Bao Si) refers to collapsing abruptly. There are many causes, which have been detailed in various disease discussions. Here, they are classified and listed again to enable clear differentiation of syndromes during emergencies.
For instance: If a person suddenly collapses, has clenched jaws (Kou Jin), vomits saliva, feels warm to the touch, and has a deficient pulse, it is Wind Stroke (Zhong Feng). Treat with Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) plus Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) and Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis).
If there is abdominal pain, a blackish forehead, contraction of hands and feet, a deep and slow pulse, and faint breathing, it is Cold Strike (Zhong Han). Immediately moxa Guanyuan (CV-4) and administer Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) and Sini Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction).
If the patient originally had Yin deficiency and then encountered summer heat, compounded by hunger, fatigue, and overwork, leading to sudden collapse and unconsciousness, this is Summerheat pathogen invading the House of Spirit (Shenming zhi fu) due to deficiency. Treat with Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder) plus Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba).
If accompanied by phlegm rattle, it is called Phlegm Jue (Tan Jue), caused by deficient Yang carrying phlegm upward. Treat with Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) plus Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) and Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice). Do not use drying-phlegm agents like Erchen Tang.
If during walking or standing, one suddenly feels dizzy, collapses, and loses consciousness, without phlegm sounds in the throat and no external pathogenic heat, this is Yin deficiency with sudden collapse of Yang. Treat with Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction).
If due to sudden rage, one collapses, body becomes cold, without saliva or filth, it is called Qi Jue (Qi Jue). Treat with Simo Tang (Four-Marrow Decoction); for severe cases, use Suhexiang Wan (Styrax Pill) taken with ginger juice.
If after eating, one is exposed to cold or anger and dies suddenly, it is called Food Jue (Shi Jue). Induce vomiting with Erchen Tang. This condition is common in children.
If due to extreme anger, blood stasis forms in the heart and chest leading to sudden death, it is called Blood Ascension (Xue Sheng). Treatment should focus on removing stasis and promoting blood circulation. This often occurs in women postpartum or during menstruation following anger.
If due to inhaling foul miasma or toxic vapors leading to sudden death, it is called Zhong E (Pestilence Poison). Examine the knees and wrists for red veins; if present, prick to release purple blood, or prick the tips of the ten fingers. After regaining consciousness, regulate with Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi).
Alternatively, if one enters a funeral site, an uninhabited room, or a heaven-and-earth altar and returns with sudden collapse, red face, and inability to speak, it is called Corpse Jue (Shi Jue). Medication will cause death immediately. One should move the patient's head to the east, burn incense facing north, and pray. It is also advisable to fumigate the nose with vinegar and charcoal.
If sexual intercourse occurs shortly after recovering from Cold Damage (Shanghan), resulting in sudden lower abdominal urgency and pain, contraction of the external genitalia, rapid panting, and spontaneous cold sweat, it is called Tuo Yuan (Collapse of the Origin).
If after severe vomiting and diarrhea, one suddenly experiences cold limbs and unconsciousness, it is called Tuo Yang (Collapse of Yang). In both cases, immediately bind scallion whites tightly around the navel and apply moxibustion to allow heat to enter the abdomen, followed by rescue with Renshen Fuzi Jiang Tang (Ginseng, Aconite, and Ginger Decoction). Cessation of sweating and stabilization of breathing indicate treatability; delay renders it hopeless.
Those who die during sexual intercourse: men are said to suffer Zou Yang (Running Yang), women Tuo Yin (Collapse of Yin). Even if the man is dead, the penis remains erect; even if the woman is dead, the vagina remains open. Those who die from nocturnal emission have an erect penis and leaked fluids, with a corpse facial expression suggesting pleasure, which serves as evidence. All these conditions are incurable.