治太阳中风脉浮紧。发热恶寒。身疼痛。不汗出而烦躁者。此方主之。
麻黄（六两 去节。） 桂枝（二两 去皮。） 甘草（二两 炙。） 杏仁（五十枚 一
本四
上七味。以水九升。先煮麻黄减二升。去上沫。内诸药。煮取三升。去滓。温服一升。
取微
歌曰 二两桂甘三两姜。膏如鸡子六麻黄。枣枚十二五十杏。无汗烦而且躁方。（一本。
杏
两。为细末。扑其身则汗止。）
蔚按。太阳底面便是少阴。少阴证本无汗。而烦躁证少阴与太阳俱有之。若太阳中风脉
浮。
寒为太阳之本病。是标与本俱病也。太阳之气主周身之毫毛。太阳之经挟脊抵腰。身疼痛是
经与气并病也。风为阳邪。病甚而汗不出。阳邪内扰。不可认为少阴之烦躁。以致议温有四
逆汤。议寒有黄连阿胶汤之误。只用麻黄汤以发表。桂枝汤以解肌。而标本经气之治法俱在
其中。去芍药者。恶其苦降。恐引邪陷入少阴也。加石膏者。取其质重性寒。纹理似肌。辛
甘发散
尽行于外而发汗。不留于内而寒中。方之所以入神也。下节言脉即不紧而缓。身即不疼而但
重且有轻时。虽不若上节之甚。而无汗与烦躁。审非少阴证。亦可以此汤发之。论云无少阴
证者。此者字承上节不汗出而烦躁言也。
治疗太阳中风证，脉象浮紧，发热恶寒，身体疼痛，无汗且烦躁的病症，此方主治。
麻黄（六两，去节） 桂枝（二两，去皮） 甘草（二两，炙） 杏仁（五十枚） 上七味药。用水九升，先煮麻黄，减少二升水量，去掉水面上的浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取三升药液，滤去药渣。温服一升药液，以微微出汗为度。
歌诀曰：二两桂枝甘草三两生姜，石膏如鸡蛋大小六两麻黄，十二枚大枣五十枚杏仁。无汗、烦闷而且躁动不安的方剂。（另一版本记载：杏仁二两，研成细末，扑擦身体则汗止。）
蔚按（陈念祖自述）：太阳病的根本在于少阴。少阴证本来就没有汗出，而烦躁这一症状在少阴病和太阳病中都会出现。如果是太阳中风脉浮，寒邪是太阳经的本病，这是标证与本证同时发病。太阳之气主管周身毫毛，太阳经脉挟持脊柱直达腰部，身体疼痛是经脉与气机共同受病。风为阳邪，病情严重而无汗，阳邪内扰，不能认为是少阴病的烦躁，从而误用四逆汤进行温补，或误用黄连阿胶汤进行清热的错误。只使用麻黄汤来发表，桂枝汤来解肌，那么治标、治本、治经、治气的治疗方法都包含在其中了。去掉芍药的原因，是厌恶它苦降的性质，担心它会引邪气陷入少阴。加入石膏的原因，是取其质地重、性寒凉，纹理类似肌肉，辛甘发散之力尽行于体表而发汗，不滞留于体内而导致寒中伤胃。这就是该方剂精妙入神之处。下一节提到，如果脉象不紧反而缓，身体不疼只是沉重且有轻的时候，虽然不如上一节描述的严重，但只要无汗与烦躁，仔细审察并非少阴证，也可以用此汤发汗。经文说“无少阴证者”，这个“者”字是承接上一节“无汗出而烦躁”而言的。
Indicated for Taiyang Wind Strike syndrome presenting with a floating and tight pulse, fever, aversion to cold, body pain, absence of sweating, and irritability. This formula is the primary treatment.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 6 liang, nodes removed), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 2 liang, bark removed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, honey-fried), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 50 seeds). The above seven ingredients are decocted in nine sheng of water. First, boil Mahuang until the volume reduces by two sheng, then remove the scum from the surface. Add the remaining herbs, continue boiling until three sheng remains, strain the dregs, and take one sheng warm. Aim for a slight perspiration.
Song verse: Two liang each of Guizhi and Gancao, three liang of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Mahuang six liang sized like a chicken egg, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) [Note: Text implies Shigao quantity/size contextually though verse says 'Gao' which usually refers to refined sugar/honey in other contexts, but here likely refers to Shigao based on formula composition], twelve Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), fifty Xingren. A formula for cases without sweat, with vexation and restlessness. (Another version states: Xingren two liang, ground into fine powder, applied externally to the body stops sweating.)
Commentary by Wei (Chen Nianzu): The root of Taiyang lies in Shaoyin. Shaoyin syndrome inherently lacks sweating, yet irritability (Fan Zao) occurs in both Shaoyin and Taiyang syndromes. If Taiyang Wind Strike presents with a floating pulse, Cold is the fundamental pathogen of Taiyang; this indicates simultaneous involvement of both the branch (symptoms) and root (pathogen). The Qi of Taiyang governs the body's lanugo (fine hair), and the Taiyang meridian runs along the spine to the waist. Body pain indicates concurrent disease of the meridian and Qi. Wind is a Yang pathogen. When the condition is severe with no sweat, Yang pathogens disturb internally. One must not mistake this for Shaoyin irritability, thereby erroneously employing Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) for warming or Huanglian Ejiao Tang (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction) for clearing heat. By using Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) to release the exterior and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to resolve the muscle layer, the therapeutic methods for treating the branch, root, meridian, and Qi are all encompassed. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) is omitted because its bitter and descending nature is disliked, as it might draw pathogens inward into Shaoyin. Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) is added for its heavy texture and cold nature; its structure resembles muscle tissue, allowing its acrid and sweet dispersing action to act entirely on the exterior to induce sweating, preventing internal retention that would cause cold injury to the middle jiao. This is the profound efficacy of the formula. The subsequent section mentions that if the pulse is not tight but slow, and the body is not painful but merely heavy with intermittent relief, although less severe than described above, as long as there is no sweat and irritability, carefully examined to be non-Shaoyin syndrome, this formula can still be used to induce sweating. The statement "without Shaoyin syndrome" refers back to the previous section's description of "no sweat and irritability."