吐症有五。一曰 ，乳哺过多，口角流出，满而溢也，勿与乳，则以陈米煮粥与食，勿药
可也。二曰逆（上升为逆），气贵下降，消食顺气为主。三曰吐，为顿出有物无声，以苍术、藿
香、二陈汤等。四曰呕，为渐出有物有声，亦用上方，五曰哕，即干呕也，有声无物，乃属火，
最为恶候。生姜为呕家圣药，若儿伤食为多，不可与乳。乳味甘，令中满，且动舌筋，起胃火。初
生小儿便吐，由拭口中秽血不尽，或食胞浆，故令吐多。用甘草、黄连汁或吾家小黑丸，不止服正
胃散。伤食吐、冷吐可服温胃调
气汤。
温胃调气汤
苍术（正胃气） 浓朴（泄中气） 半夏 香附（正气） 山楂 神曲 麦芽 藿香（正
气） 干姜 茯苓
服此不止，若见是冷，可加木香、丁香、浓朴，次第加之。若是伤食，以枳实、青皮、槟榔
次第加之。用前药又不止，是胃气因吐而虚，面青白，唇淡，精神少，可加人参。此症必眼眶
陷下，方可用参，若不用参，恐虚极生风，传为慢惊。
暑月有热吐者，因冒暑或伤热食，致热气入胃，吐也。食与气相搏而吐也，其症眼眶陷，
唇燥，舌有刺，大便焦黄，射出如臭鸭蛋腥气，用水泼地令儿卧上，用黄瓜同卧。宜服清热之
剂，如后吐泻论中清胃止渴汤可加减用之。初生小儿吐，余家小黑丸最妙。
呕吐症状共有五种。第一种是溢乳，因哺乳过多，乳汁从口角流出，胃部充盈而溢出，此时不应再喂奶，可给患儿食用用陈年大米煮的粥，无需用药即可痊愈。第二种是气逆（气机上升称为逆），人体气机贵在下降，治疗以消食导滞、顺降气机为主。第三种是吐，表现为突然吐出食物且无声响，可用苍术、藿香、二陈汤等药物治疗。第四种是呕，表现为逐渐吐出食物且有声响，也可使用上述方药。第五种是哕，即干呕，只有声响而无实物吐出，这属于火证，是最为凶险的症状。生姜是治疗呕吐的圣药，若小儿因伤食导致呕吐，则不可再喂母乳。乳汁味甘，会导致中焦胀满，且会牵动舌筋，引发胃火。新生儿出生后即刻出现呕吐，是因为擦拭口中污血不净，或吞食了胞浆所致，因此容易多吐。可用甘草、黄连汁或本家的“小黑丸”治疗，若不止吐，则服用正胃散。伤食引起的呕吐和冷性呕吐可服用温胃调气汤。
温胃调气汤
苍术（调理胃气） 厚朴（疏导中焦之气） 半夏 香附（调理气机） 山楂 神曲 麦芽 藿香（调理气机） 干姜 茯苓
服用此方后若呕吐不止，若辨证属寒证，可依次加入木香、丁香、厚朴；若辨证属伤食，可依次加入枳实、青皮、槟榔。若使用前述药物仍不止吐，说明胃气因呕吐而虚弱，出现面色青白、唇色淡白、精神萎靡等症状，可加入人参。此症必须见到眼眶凹陷，方可用人参，若不用人参，恐怕虚极而生风，传变为慢惊风。
夏季有热性呕吐，是因感受暑邪或饮食过热所致，热气入胃引起呕吐。食物与气相互搏结而导致呕吐，其症状表现为眼眶凹陷、嘴唇干燥、舌面有刺状感、大便焦黄，排出物如臭鸭蛋般腥臭。可将水泼在地上让患儿卧在上面，并用黄瓜同卧。适宜服用清热剂，如后文“吐泻论”中的清胃止渴汤，可根据情况加减使用。新生儿呕吐，本家的“小黑丸”最为有效。
There are five types of vomiting syndromes. The first is spilling milk (spilling milk), caused by excessive feeding, where milk flows from the corners of the mouth due to stomach fullness; in this case, do not feed milk again, but provide porridge made from aged rice, and medication is unnecessary. The second is Qi reversal (Qi rising is termed reversal); Qi should descend, so treatment focuses on digesting food and smoothing Qi flow. The third is "Tu" (vomiting without sound), characterized by sudden expulsion of contents without sound; treat with Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Huoxiang (Agastachis Herba), Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction), etc. The fourth is "Ou" (vomiting with sound), characterized by gradual expulsion with sound; the above prescriptions may also be used. The fifth is "Yue" (hiccup or dry heaving), which is dry heaving with sound but no substance expelled; this belongs to Fire syndrome and is a most ominous sign. Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) is the holy medicine for vomiting. If infants vomit due to food stagnation, breast milk should not be given. Milk is sweet in flavor, causing middle Jiao fullness, stimulating the tongue tendons, and stirring up Stomach Fire. Newborns who vomit immediately after birth do so because residual blood in the mouth was not wiped clean, or they ingested amniotic fluid, leading to frequent vomiting. Use Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) juice, or our family's Xiaohei Wan (Little Black Pill); if ineffective, administer Zhengwei San (Stomach-Regulating Powder). Food-stagnation vomiting and cold-type vomiting can be treated with Wenwei Tiaoqi Tang (Warming Stomach and Regulating Qi Decoction).
Wenwei Tiaoqi Tang (Warming Stomach and Regulating Qi Decoction)
Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) [regulates Stomach Qi] Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) [drains Middle Jiao Qi] Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) [regulates Qi] Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) Huoxiang (Agastachis Herba) [regulates Qi] Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) Fuling (Poria)
If vomiting persists after taking this formula, and the pattern is identified as Cold, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), and Houpo sequentially. If it is due to food stagnation, add Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum), and Binglang (Arecae Semen) sequentially. If previous medications fail to stop vomiting, it indicates that Stomach Qi has become deficient due to vomiting, presenting with bluish-white complexion, pale lips, and lethargy; in this case, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). This condition requires sunken eye sockets before Ginseng can be used; otherwise, extreme deficiency may generate Wind, transmitting into Slow Convulsion (Man Jing Feng).
In summer months, there is Heat-type vomiting, caused by exposure to Summerheat or consuming hot foods, leading to Heat entering the Stomach. Food and Qi struggle against each other, causing vomiting. Symptoms include sunken eye sockets, dry lips, prickly sensation on the tongue, scorched yellow stool, and discharge with a foul odor resembling rotten duck eggs. Let the infant lie on the ground sprinkled with water, and place a cucumber alongside them. It is appropriate to administer Heat-clearing agents, such as Qingwei Zhike Tang (Clearing Stomach and Quenching Thirst Decoction) mentioned in the subsequent section on Vomiting and Diarrhea, modified as needed. For newborn vomiting, our family's Xiaohei Wan (Little Black Pill) is most effective.