味辛苦，性温无毒，入肾命门二经。主祛恶气，定霍乱，补五脏，益精气，壮元阳，除
冷气，破症癖，皮肤瘙痒，骨节不仁。忌见火，生磨用。
按∶沉香属阳而性沉，多功于下部，命肾之所由入也。然香剂多燥，未免伤血，必下焦
虚寒者宜之。若水脏衰微，相火盛炎者误用，则水益枯而火益烈，祸无极矣。今多以为平和
之剂，无损于人，辄用以化气，其不祸人者几希。
雷公云∶沉香，凡使须要不枯者，如嘴角硬，重沉于水下为上也。半沉者次也，大凡入
丸散中用，俟众药出，即入拌和用也。
味辛苦，性温无毒，入十二经。主祛邪下气，补肾益精，治霍乱，催产难，定心腹急
疼，疗瘾疹风痒，诸般恶疮，风水肿毒，中风聋噤，亦入敷膏，止痛生肌。瓦上微炒出油，
灯草同研用。
按∶乳香辛香发散，于十二经络无所不入。生南海波斯国赤松脂也，垂滴成珠。缀木未
落者，名珠香，圆小光明，效速，滴下如乳。熔塌地面者，名塌香，大块枯黯，效迟，用者
不可不审。
味苦辛，性平无毒，入十二经。主破症结宿血，止痛，疗金疮杖疮痔疮，诸恶肿毒，
跌打损伤，目中翳晕，历节诸风，骨节疼痛，制同乳香。
按∶没药与乳香同功，大抵血滞则气壅淤，气壅淤则经络满急，故痛且肿，得没药以宣
通气血，宜其治矣。
沉香：味辛、苦，性温，无毒。归肾经和命门经。主要功效为祛除恶气，平定霍乱，补益五脏，增益精气，壮旺元阳，驱除冷气，破除症瘕积聚，治疗皮肤瘙痒，骨节麻木不仁。忌见火，需生品研磨后使用。
按语：沉香属阳而性质沉降，多作用于人体下部，是进入命门和肾脏的途径。然而，香类药材大多燥烈，难免损伤阴血，因此只适用于下焦虚寒的患者。如果肾水衰微、相火旺盛炽盛的患者误用，会导致肾水更加枯竭而火势更加猛烈，祸患无穷。现在许多人将其视为平和之剂，认为对人无害，随意用于行气化滞，这样不造成祸害的情况太少了。
雷公炮制法说：沉香在使用时，必须选用不枯朽的，质地坚硬如嘴角般硬，放入水中能沉底的为上品；半沉于水的次之。大凡用于丸药或散剂中，待其他药物处理完毕后，再加入沉香拌和均匀使用。
乳香：味辛、苦，性温，无毒。归十二经脉。主要功效为祛除邪气、降逆下气，补肾益精，治疗霍乱，催产难产，安定心腹剧烈疼痛，治疗瘾疹风痒，各种恶疮，风水肿毒，中风导致的耳聋口噤，也可加入膏药中敷贴，具有止痛生肌的功效。需在瓦片上微炒至出油，与灯芯草一同研磨使用。
按语：乳香味辛香发散，在十二经络中没有不能到达的地方。它产于南海波斯国的赤松脂，自然垂滴凝结成珠。悬挂在树上未落下的，称为珠香，颗粒圆小光亮，药效迅速；滴落下来的如乳汁状。熔塌在地面上的，称为塌香，块头大且干枯暗淡，药效缓慢，使用者不可不仔细辨别。
没药：味苦、辛，性平，无毒。归十二经脉。主要功效为破除症结宿血，止痛，治疗金创（金属利器造成的创伤）、杖疮（杖刑造成的创伤）、痔疮，各种恶肿毒，跌打损伤，眼中翳膜眩晕，历节风（关节游走性疼痛），骨节疼痛，炮制方法同乳香。
按语：没药与乳香功效相同，大体而言，血液停滞则气机壅塞淤阻，气机壅塞淤阻则经络充满急迫，所以出现疼痛和肿胀，得到没药来宣通气血，适宜治疗这些病症。
Agarwood (Chenxiang): Flavor is pungent and bitter, nature is warm, non-toxic. Enters the Kidney Meridian and Mingmen (Gate of Vitality) Meridian. Primarily dispels evil qi, stabilizes Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome), tonifies the Five Zang Organs, benefits essence and qi, strengthens Yuan Yang (Original Yang), eliminates cold qi, breaks Zhengji (masses and accumulations), treats skin pruritus, and numbness/insensitivity of bone joints. Avoid fire; use raw, ground powder.
Commentary: Agarwood belongs to Yang in nature but sinks downward, exerting its effects mainly on the lower body, serving as a pathway into the Mingmen and Kidneys. However, aromatic agents are generally drying and inevitably damage Blood; thus, they are suitable only for those with Deficiency-Cold in the Lower Jiao. If misused by patients with declining Water (Kidney Yin) and flourishing Xianghuo (Ministerial Fire), it will cause Water to become increasingly dry and Fire increasingly fierce, leading to boundless disaster. Nowadays, many regard it as a mild agent harmless to humans, casually using it to transform Qi; few avoid causing harm thereby.
Lei Gong states: When using Agarwood, one must select pieces that are not dried out or brittle. Those hard like the corner of a mouth and sinking to the bottom of water are superior. Those floating halfway are inferior. Generally, when used in Pills or Powders, add it after other herbs have been processed, then mix evenly.
Frankincense (Ruxiang): Flavor is pungent and bitter, nature is warm, non-toxic. Enters the Twelve Meridians. Primarily dispels pathogenic factors, directs Qi downward, tonifies the Kidneys and benefits essence, treats Huoluan, facilitates difficult labor, alleviates acute pain in the heart and abdomen, treats urticaria and wind-induced pruritus, various malignant sores, Fengshui edema/toxins, stroke-induced deafness and lockjaw. Also used in plasters to stop pain and generate flesh. Lightly stir-fry on a tile until oil exudes, then grind together with Juncus effusus (Dengcao).
Commentary: Frankincense has a pungent, aromatic, and dispersing nature, penetrating all Twelve Meridians without exception. It is derived from the red pine resin of Chisong in Persia, South Sea, dripping down to form pearls. Those hanging on trees and not yet fallen are called Zhuxiang (Pearl Incense); they are small, round, bright, act quickly, and drip like milk. Those melted and collapsed onto the ground are called Taxiang (Collapsed Incense); they are large blocks, dull and withered, act slowly, and users must be careful to distinguish them.
Myrrh (Moyao): Flavor is bitter and pungent, nature is neutral, non-toxic. Enters the Twelve Meridians. Primarily breaks Zhengjie (accumulations) and old blood stasis, stops pain, treats Jinchuang (metal weapon injuries), Zhangchuang (stick injuries), hemorrhoids, various malignant swellings and toxins, traumatic injuries from falls and blows, eye opacities and dizziness, Lijie Wind (wind affecting joints), and bone joint pain. Processing method is the same as Frankincense.
Commentary: Myrrh shares similar functions with Frankincense. Generally, when Blood stagnates, Qi becomes obstructed and stagnant; when Qi is obstructed and stagnant, the meridians become full and tense, resulting in pain and swelling. With Myrrh to promote the circulation of Qi and Blood, it is indeed suitable for treating these conditions.