饮食借以养生，而不知物性有相反相忌，丛然杂进，轻则五内不和，重则立兴
祸患，是养生者亦未尝不害生也。历观诸家本草疏注，各物皆损益相半，令人莫可
适从。兹专选其反忌，汇成一编，俾尊生者日用饮食中便于检点耳。
华山老人识。
天雨水 味甘淡，性冷。豪雨不可用，淫雨及降注雨谓之潦水，味甘薄。
立春节雨水 性有春升始生之气。妇人不生育者，是日夫妇宜各饮一杯，可易
得孕。取其发育万物之义也。
梅雨水 味甘性平。芒种后逢壬为入梅，小暑后逢壬为出梅，须淬入火炭解毒。
此水入酱易熟，沾衣易烂，人受其气生病，物受其气生霉，忌用造酒醋。浣垢如灰
汁，入梅叶煎汤洗衣霉，其斑乃脱。
液雨水 立冬后十日为入液，至小雪为出液。百虫饮此皆伏蛰，宜制杀虫药饵，
又谓之药雨。
腊雪水 味甘性冷。冬至后第三戊为腊，密封阴处，数年不坏。用此水浸五谷
种，则耐旱不生虫。酒席间则蝇自去。淹藏一切果食永不虫蛀。春雪日久则生虫，
不堪用。亦易败坏。
冰 味甘性大寒。止可浸物。若暑月食之，不过临时爽快，入腹令寒热相激，
久必致病。因与时候相反，非所宜也。服黄连、胡黄连、大黄、巴豆者忌之。
露水 味甘性凉。百花草上露皆堪用。秋露取之造酒，名秋露白，香冽最佳。
凌霄花上露入目损明。
半天河水 即竹篱头及空树穴中水也，久者防有蛇虫毒。
屋漏水 味苦性大寒，有大毒。误饮生恶疮。滴脯肉中，人误食之，成瘕。又
檐下雨水入菜有毒，亦勿误食。
冬霜 味甘性寒。收时用鸡羽扫入瓶中，密封阴处，久留不坏。
冰雹水 味咸性冷，有毒。人食冰雹，必患瘟疫风癫之证。酱味不正，取一二
升纳瓮中，即还本味。
方诸水 味甘性寒，一名明水。方诸以铜锡相半所造，谓之鉴燧之剂。非蚌
非金石。摩热向月取之，得水二三合，似朝露。
千里水 即远来活水。从西来者，谓之东流水，味甘性平。顺流水其性顺遂而
下流。急流水其性急速而下达。逆流水其性洄澜倒逆而上行。劳水即扬泛水，又谓
之甘澜水。用流水二斗，置大盆中，以杓高扬千万遍，有沸珠相聚，乃取煎药。盖
水咸而体重，劳之则甘而轻。
井水 味有甘、淡、咸之异，性凉。凡井水远从地脉来者，为上。如城市人家
稠密，沟渠污水杂入井中者，不可用。须煎滚澄清，候碱秽下坠，取上面清水用
之。如雨混浊须擂桃杏仁，连汁投入水中搅匀，片时则水清矣。《易》曰∶井泥不
食，慎之。凡井以黑铅为底，能清水散结，人饮之无疾。入丹砂镇之，令人多寿。
平旦第一汲为井华水，取天一真气浮于水面，煎滋阴剂及炼丹药用。阿井水味甘咸，气清性重。
节气水 一年二十四节气，一节主半月。水之气味随之变迁，天地气候相感，
非疆域之分限。正月初一至十二日，以一日主一月。每旦取初汲水，瓶盛秤轻重，
重则主此月雨多，轻则主此月雨少。立春清明二节贮水曰神水。宜制丸散药酒，久
留不坏。谷雨水取长江者良，以之造酒，储久色绀味冽。端午日午时取水，合丹丸
药有效。五月五日午时有雨，急伐竹竿，中必有神水，沥取为药。小满芒种白露三
节内水，并有毒。造药酿酒醋及一切食物，皆易败坏。人饮之，亦生脾胃疾。立秋
日五更井华水，长幼各饮一杯，却疟痢百病。寒露、冬至、小寒、大寒四节及腊日
水，宜浸造滋补丹丸药酒，与雪水同功。
山岩泉水 味甘性寒。凡有黑土毒石恶草在上者勿用。瀑涌激湍之水，饮令人
颈疾。昔浔阳，忽一日城中马死数百，询之，因雨泻出山谷蛇虫毒水，马饮之而死。
乳穴水 味甘性温。秤之重于他水，煎之似盐花起，此真乳穴液也。取饮与钟
乳石同功。山有玉而草木润，近山人多寿，皆玉石津液之功所致。
温泉 味辛性热。不可饮，下有硫黄作气，浴之袭人肌肤。水热者，可 猪羊
毛，能熟蛋。庐山有温泉池，饱食方浴，虚人忌之。新安黄山朱砂泉，春时水即微
红色，可煮茗。长安骊山 石泉，不甚作气。朱砂泉虽微红，似雄黄而不热。有
砒石处汤泉，浴之有毒，慎之。
海水 性凉，秋冬味咸，春夏味淡。碧海水味咸，性微温，有小毒。夜行海中，
拨之有火星者，咸水也。其色碧，故名碧海。盐胆水即盐 ，味咸苦，有大毒。
凡六畜饮一合即死，人饮亦然。今人用之点豆腐，煮四黄 物。服丹砂者忌之。
古冢中水 性寒有毒，误食杀人。粮罂中水，味辛有毒，乃古冢中食罂中水也。
洗眼见鬼，多服令人心闷。
磨刀水 洗手令生癣。
地浆 掘地作坎，以新汲水沃搅令浊，少顷澄清。服之解中毒烦闷，及一切鱼
肉果菜菌毒。
浆水 炊粟米热投冷水中，浸五六日成此水，浸至败者损人。同李食，令霍乱
吐利。醉后饮，令失音。妊妇食之，令儿骨瘦，水浆尤不可多饮，令绝产。
齑水 味酸咸性凉。能吐痰饮宿食，妇人食多绝产。
甑气水 味甘咸。知疮所在，能引药至患所。
熟汤 煎百沸者佳。勿用滚热汤漱口，损齿。病目人勿用热汤沐浴，助热昏目。
冻僵人勿用热汤濯手足，脱指甲。勿用铜器煎汤，人误饮损声。勿饮半滚水，令人
发胀，损元气。
生熟汤 冷水滚汤相和者，又谓之阴阳水。凡人大醉及食瓜果过度，以生熟汤浸
身，其汤皆作酒气瓜果味。《博物志》云∶浸至腰，食瓜可五十枚。至颈，则无限也。未知确否。
诸水有毒 人感天地氤氲而产育，资禀山川之气，相为流连，其美恶寿夭，
亦相关涉。金石草木，尚随水土之性，况人为万物之灵乎？贪淫有泉，仙寿有井，载
在往牒，必不我欺。《淮南子》云∶土地各以类生人，是故山气多男，泽气多女，水气
多喑，风气多聋，林气多荫，木气多伛，下气多 ，石气多力，险气多瘿，
暑气多夭，寒气多寿，谷气多痹，丘气多狂，广气多仁，陵气多贪。坚土人刚，弱
土人脆，垆土人大，沙土人细，息土人美，耗土人丑，轻土多利，重土多
迟。清水音小，浊水音大，湍水人轻，迟水人重，皆应其类也。又《河图括地象》
云∶九州殊题，水泉刚弱各异，青州角征会，其气 轻，人声急，其泉酸以苦。梁
州商征接，其气刚勇，人声塞，其泉苦以辛。 豫宫征会，其气平静，人声端，其
泉甘以苦。雍冀商羽合，其气壮烈，人声捷，其泉甘以辛。人之形赋有浓薄，年寿
有短长，由水土资养之不同，验诸南北人物之可见。水之有毒而不可犯者，亦所当知。
水中有赤脉不可断，井中沸溢不可饮，三十步内取青石一块投之，即止。古井、
眢井不可入，有毒杀人，夏月阴气在下尤忌。用鸡毛试投，旋舞不下者有毒。投
热醋数斗，可入。古冢亦然。古井不可塞，令人聋盲。
阴地流泉有毒，二八月行人饮之，成瘴疟，损脚力。泽中停水，五六月有鱼鳖
遗精，误饮成瘕。沙河中水，欲之令人喑。两山夹水，其人多瘿。流水有声，其人
多瘦。花瓶水误饮杀人，腊梅尤甚。铜器内盛水过夜，不可饮。炊汤洗面，令人无
颜色，洗体令人生癣，洗足令疼痛生疮。铜器上汗误食，生要疽。冷水沐头，热泔
沐头，并令头风，女人尤忌。经宿水面有五色者，有毒，勿洗手。时病后浴冷水，
损心胞。
盛暑浴冷水，令伤寒病。汗后入冷水，令人骨痹。产后当风洗浴，发 病，多
死。酒中饮冷水，令手战。酒后饮冷茶汤，成酒癖。饮水便睡，成水癖。夏月远行，
勿以冷水洗足。冬月远行，勿以热水濯足。小儿就瓢瓶饮水，令语讷。
燧火 人之资于火食者，疾病寿夭系焉。四时钻燧取新火，根据岁气而无亢。
榆柳先百木而青，故春取之。杏枣之木心赤，故夏取之。柞 之木理白，故秋取之。
槐檀之木心黑，故冬取之。桑柘之木肌黄，故季夏取之。
桑柴火 宜煎一切补药，勿煮猪肉及鳅 鱼。不可炙艾，伤肌。
灶下灰火 谓之伏龙屎，不可 香祀神。
艾火 宜用阳燧火珠承日取太阳真火，其次则钻槐取火为良。若急卒难备，用
真麻油灯或蜡烛火，以艾茎烧点于炷，滋润炎疮，至愈不痛也。其戛金击石钻燧八
木之火，皆不可用。八木者，松火难瘥，柏火伤神多汗，桑火伤肌肉，柘火伤气脉，
枣火伤内吐血，橘火伤营卫经络，榆火伤骨失志，竹火伤筋损目也。
饮食是用来养生的，但如果不知道食物性质有相克和禁忌的，混杂在一起随意进食，轻则导致五脏六腑不和，重则立刻招来祸患，所以养生的人如果不注意这些，也往往会伤害生命。纵观各家本草书的疏解注释，各种食物的利弊各占一半，让人无所适从。这里专门选取那些相克禁忌的内容，汇编成这一篇，让注重养生的人在日常饮食中便于查阅参考罢了。
华山老人记。
天雨水：味道甘甜淡平，性质寒冷。暴雨不能用，连绵阴雨和倾盆大雨称为“潦水”，味道淡薄。
立春雨水：具有春季升发始生的气机。妇女不能生育的，在立春日夫妇宜各喝一杯，可以改变状况容易怀孕。这是取它发育万物的含义。
梅雨水：味道甘平。芒种后遇到壬日为入梅，小暑后遇到壬日为出梅，必须淬入火炭中以解毒。这种水放入酱中容易变坏，沾到衣服容易腐烂，人吸入其气会生病，物体受其气会发霉，忌讳用它来酿造酒醋。洗涤污垢像灰汁一样，加入梅叶煎汤洗衣霉斑，斑点就会脱落。
液雨水：立冬后十日为入液，至小雪为出液。百虫喝这个都潜伏冬眠，适宜制作杀虫药饵，又称之为药雨。
腊雪水：味道甘，性质寒冷。冬至后第三个戊日为腊日，密封放在阴凉处，数年不坏。用此水浸泡五谷种子，则耐旱不生虫。酒席间用它则苍蝇自去。腌制收藏一切果食永不生虫蛀。春雪时间久了会生虫，不堪使用。也容易败坏。
冰：味道甘，性质大寒。只可以用来浸物。如果在暑月食用，不过是一时爽快，进入腹中令寒热相互激荡，久了必定致病。因为与季节相反，是不适宜的。服用黄连、胡黄连、大黄、巴豆的人忌用。
露水：味道甘，性质凉。百草花上的露水都可以用。秋露采取来酿酒，名叫秋露白，香冽最佳。凌霄花上的露水入目会损伤视力。
半天河水：就是竹篱头及空树穴中的积水，存放久的要防备有蛇虫毒。
屋漏水：味苦，性质大寒，有大毒。误饮会生恶疮。滴在肉脯中，人误食之，会形成瘕积。还有屋檐下流下的雨水进入菜中有毒，也不要误食。
冬霜：味道甘，性质寒。收集时用鸡羽毛扫入瓶中，密封放在阴凉处，久留不坏。
冰雹水：味咸，性质冷，有毒。人吃冰雹，一定会患瘟疫风癫之类的病症。酱的味道不正，取一二升放入瓮中，就能恢复本味。
方诸水：味道甘，性质寒，一名明水。方诸是用铜锡各半制造的，叫做鉴燧之剂。不是蚌壳也不是金石。摩擦发热对着月亮吸取，可得水二三合，像早晨的露水。
千里水：就是远来的活水。从西面来的，叫东流水，味道甘，性质平。顺流水的性质顺遂而下流。急流水的性质急速而下达。逆流水的性质洄澜倒逆而上行。劳水即扬泛水，又谓之甘澜水。用流水二斗，放在大盆中，用勺子高高扬起千万遍，有泡沫珠聚集，才拿来煎药。大概是因为水咸而体重，摇动后就变得甘而轻。
井水：味道有甘、淡、咸的差异，性质凉。凡是井水远远从地脉来的，为上品。如城市人家稠密，沟渠污水混入井中的，不可用。必须煮沸澄清，等碱秽下沉，取上面的清水使用。如果雨水浑浊需要擂碎桃杏仁，连汁投入水中搅匀，片刻水就清了。《易经》说：“井泥不食”，要小心。凡是井底用黑铅做的，能清水利散结，人喝了无病。加入丹砂镇住，让人多寿。
平旦第一汲为井华水，取天一真气浮于水面，用来煎滋阴剂及炼丹药用。阿井水味甘咸，气清性重。
节气水：一年二十四节气，一个节气主半个月。水的味道气味随之变迁，天地气候相互感应，不是疆域的分限。正月初一至十二日，以一天主一个月。每天早晨取初汲水，瓶装称重轻重，重则主此月雨多，轻则主此月雨少。立春清明两个节气贮水叫神水。适宜制作丸散药酒，久留不坏。谷雨水取长江的水好，用它造酒，储存久了颜色深青味道凛冽。端午日午时取水，合丹药丸药有效。五月五日午时有雨，急忙砍伐竹竿，中间必有神水，沥取做药。小满、芒种、白露三个节气内的水，都有毒。造药酿酒醋及一切食物，都容易败坏。人喝了，也会生脾胃疾病。立秋日五更天的井华水，长幼各喝一杯，可祛除疟痢百病。寒露、冬至、小寒、大寒四个节气及腊日的水，适宜浸泡制造滋补丹丸药酒，与雪水功效相同。
山岩泉水：味道甘，性质寒。凡是有黑土毒石恶草在上方的不要使用。瀑涌激湍的水，喝了让人得颈部疾病。以前浔阳，忽然有一天城中马死数百匹，询问原因，是因为雨泻出山谷的蛇虫毒水，马喝了而死。
乳穴水：味道甘，性质温。称起来比别的水重，煎的时候像盐花升起，这才是真正的乳穴液。取来饮用与钟乳石功效相同。山有玉则草木滋润，靠近山人多长寿，都是玉石津液的功效所致。
温泉：味辛，性质热。不可饮用，下面有硫黄散发气味，洗澡时袭人肌肤。水热的，可以煮熟猪羊毛，能熟蛋。庐山有温泉池，吃饱了才洗，体虚的人忌讳。新安黄山朱砂泉，春天时水就微红色，可以煮茶。长安骊山石泉，不怎么散发气味。朱砂泉虽然微红，像雄黄但不热。有砒石处的汤泉，洗澡有毒，要小心。
海水：性质凉，秋冬味咸，春夏味淡。碧海水味咸，性质微温，有小毒。夜行海中，拨动有火星的是咸水。其色碧，所以叫碧海。盐胆水即盐卤，味咸苦，有大毒。凡是六畜喝一合就死，人喝也是这样。现在人用它点豆腐，煮四黄物。服用丹砂的人忌用。
古冢中水：性质寒有毒，误食杀人。粮罂中的水，味辛有毒，是古冢中食罂里的水。洗眼见鬼，多服令人心闷。
磨刀水：洗手会让人生癣。
地浆：掘地作坑，用新汲水浇灌搅拌令其浑浊，片刻后澄清。服用它可解中毒烦闷，及一切鱼肉果菜菌毒。
浆水：炊粟米热投冷水中，浸泡五六天成为此水，浸到变坏的损害人。同李子吃，令霍乱吐利。醉后喝，令失音。孕妇吃它，令孩子骨瘦，水浆尤其不可多喝，令绝产。
齑水：味酸咸，性质凉。能吐痰饮宿食，妇人吃多了绝产。
甑气水：味道甘咸。知道疮所在，能引药至患处。
熟汤：煎煮一百沸的好。不要用滚热汤漱口，损齿。患眼病的人不要用热汤沐浴，助热昏目。冻僵的人不要用热汤濯手足，脱指甲。不要用铜器煎汤，人误饮损声。不要喝半滚水，令人发胀，损元气。
生熟汤：冷水滚汤相和的，又叫阴阳水。凡人醉酒及吃瓜果过度，用生熟汤浸身，那汤都作酒气瓜果味。《博物志》说：“浸到腰部，吃瓜可以吃五十个。”到颈部，则无限了。不知是否确切。
诸水有毒：人感天地氤氲之气而产育，资禀山川之气，相互流连，其美恶寿夭，也相关涉。金石草木，尚且随水土的性质，何况人是万物之灵呢？贪淫有泉，仙寿有井，记载在往史中，一定不会欺骗我。《淮南子》说：“土地各以类生人，所以山气多男，泽气多女，水气多喑，风气多聋，林气多荫，木气多伛，下气多痞，石气多力，险气多瘿，暑气多夭，寒气多寿，谷气多痹，丘气多狂，广气多仁，陵气多贪。坚土人刚，弱土人脆，垆土人大，沙土人细，息土人美，耗土人丑，轻土多利，重土多迟。清水音小，浊水音大，湍水人轻，迟水人重，都是应验其类的。又《河图括地象》说：九州殊题，水泉刚弱各异，青州角征会，其气轻，人声急，其泉酸以苦。梁州商征接，其气刚勇，人声塞，其泉苦以辛。豫宫征会，其气平静，人声端，其泉甘以苦。雍冀商羽合，其气壮烈，人声捷，其泉甘以辛。人的形体赋有浓薄，年寿有短长，由水土资养的不同，验证南北人物可见。水之有毒而不可犯的，也应当知道。
水中有赤脉不可断，井中沸溢不可饮，三十步内取青石一块投之，即止。古井、眢井不可入，有毒杀人，夏月阴气在下尤其忌讳。用鸡毛试投，旋舞不下者有毒。投热醋数斗，可入。古冢亦然。古井不可塞，令人聋盲。
阴地流泉有毒，二八月行人饮之，成瘴疟，损脚力。泽中停水，五六月有鱼鳖遗精，误饮成瘕。沙河中水，欲之令人喑。两山夹水，其人多数瘿。流水有声，其人多数瘦。花瓶水误饮杀人，腊梅尤甚。铜器内盛水过夜，不可饮。炊汤洗面，令人无颜色，洗体令人生癣，洗足令疼痛生疮。铜器上汗误食，生要疽。冷水沐头，热泔沐头，并令头风，女人尤其忌讳。经宿水面有五色者，有毒，勿洗手。时病后浴冷水，损心胞。
盛暑浴冷水，令伤寒病。汗后入冷水，令人骨痹。产后当风洗浴，发病，多死。酒中饮冷水，令手战。酒后饮冷茶汤，成酒癖。饮水便睡，成水癖。夏月远行，勿以冷水洗足。冬月远行，勿以热水濯足。小儿就瓢瓶饮水，令语讷。
燧火：人之资于火食者，疾病寿夭系焉。四时钻燧取新火，根据岁气而无亢。榆柳先百木而青，故春取之。杏枣之木心赤，故夏取之。柞栎之木理白，故秋取之。槐檀之木心黑，故冬取之。桑柘之木肌黄，故季夏取之。
桑柴火：适宜煎一切补药，不要煮猪肉及鳅鱼。不可炙艾，伤肌。
灶下灰火：谓之伏龙屎，不可烧香祀神。
艾火：适宜用阳燧火珠承日取太阳真火，其次则钻槐取火为良。若急卒难备，用真麻油灯或蜡烛火，以艾茎烧点于炷，滋润炎疮，至愈不痛也。其戛金击石钻燧八木之火，皆不可用。八木者，松火难瘥，柏火伤神多汗，桑火伤肌肉，柘火伤气脉，枣火伤内吐血，橘火伤营卫经络，榆火伤骨失志，竹火伤筋损目也。
Diet is used for nourishing life, but if one does not know that the nature of substances can be contrary and mutually incompatible, and eats them indiscriminately, it may lead to disharmony of the five internal organs (Zang-Fu) in mild cases, or immediate disaster in severe cases. Thus, those who seek to nourish life may inadvertently harm it. Having reviewed various commentaries on materia medica, I find that the benefits and harms of each substance are roughly equal, leaving people unsure of what to follow. Here, I have specifically selected those substances that are contrary or incompatible, compiled them into this volume, so that those who respect life may easily consult them in their daily diet.
Written by the Old Man of Mount Hua.
Heavenly Rainwater: Sweet and bland in taste, cold in nature. Heavy rain should not be used. Continuous rain and pouring rain are called "Liao water" (floodwater), with a thin and bland taste.
Rainwater at the Beginning of Spring: Possesses the qi of spring rising and initial generation. For women who do not bear children, it is advisable for both husband and wife to drink one cup on this day to facilitate conception. This takes advantage of its meaning of nurturing all things.
Plum Rainwater: Sweet and neutral in taste. After Mangzhong (Grain in Ear), the first Ren day marks the beginning of the Plum Rain season; after Xiaoshu (Minor Heat), the first Ren day marks the end. It must be quenched in hot charcoal to detoxify. This water causes sauces to spoil easily, stains clothes causing rot, makes people sick when they inhale its qi, and causes mold on objects. It is taboo to use it for brewing wine or vinegar. To wash away dirt like plant ash lye, add plum leaves and boil the water to wash moldy clothes; the spots will then disappear.
Ye Rainwater: Ten days after Lidong (Start of Winter) marks the entry into Ye; until Xiaoxue (Minor Snow) marks the exit. All insects drink this and hibernate. It is suitable for preparing insecticidal medicines and is also called "Medicine Rain."
La Xue Water (Water from Snow in the Twelfth Lunar Month): Sweet and cold in nature. The third Wu day after Dongzhi (Winter Solstice) is La month. Seal it tightly and store it in a cool place; it will not spoil for years. Soaking grain seeds in this water makes them drought-resistant and free of insects. In banquets, it repels flies. Preserving fruits and foods in it prevents worm damage forever. Spring snow stored for a long time breeds insects and is unusable. It also spoils easily.
Ice: Sweet and extremely cold in nature. It can only be used to soak items. If consumed during summer months, it provides only temporary relief, but entering the abdomen causes cold and heat to clash, eventually leading to disease. Because it contradicts the seasonal climate, it is unsuitable. Those taking Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Huhuanglian (Picrorhiza Rhizome), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome), and Badou (Croton Seed) should avoid it.
Dew: Sweet and cool in nature. Dew on all herbs and flowers is usable. Dew collected in autumn to brew wine is named "Qiulu Bai" (Autumn Dew White), which is fragrant and crisp, considered the best. Dew on Lingxiao flower (Campsis grandiflora) damages vision if it enters the eyes.
Half-Day River Water: Refers to water accumulated in bamboo fence heads and hollow tree cavities. Long-standing water should be feared for snake and insect venom.
House Leaking Water: Bitter and extremely cold in nature, with high toxicity. Accidental ingestion causes malignant sores. Dripping into dried meat, accidental consumption leads to mass accumulation (Jia). Rainwater collected under eaves entering vegetables is toxic and should not be eaten by mistake.
Winter Frost: Sweet and cold in nature. When collecting, sweep it into bottles with chicken feathers, seal tightly, and store in a cool place; it remains unspoiled for a long time.
Hail Water: Salty and cold in nature, toxic. Consuming hail causes epidemics and wind-epilepsy syndromes. If sauce tastes abnormal, adding one or two sheng of hail water to the jar restores its original flavor.
Fang Zhu Water: Sweet and cold in nature, also known as Ming Shui (Bright Water). Fang Zhu is made of half copper and half tin, referred to as a mirror-fire device. It is neither shell nor metal/stone. Rub until hot and hold towards the moon to collect two or three he of water, resembling morning dew.
Qian Li Water (Thousand-Mile Water): Refers to flowing water from afar. Water coming from the west is called Dong Liu Shui (East-Flowing Water), sweet and neutral. Smooth-flowing water has a nature of smooth downward flow. Rapid-flowing water has a nature of swift downward movement. Reverse-flowing water has a nature of swirling upward movement. Lao Shui (Labor Water) is also called Gan Lan Shui (Sweet Ripple Water). Take two dou of flowing water, place in a large basin, and raise/lower with a ladle thousands of times until bubbles gather, then use to decoct medicine. This is because salty water is heavy; laboring it makes it sweet and light.
Well Water: Tastes vary between sweet, bland, and salty; nature is cool. Well water coming from deep underground veins is superior. In dense urban areas where sewage mixes into wells, it is unusable. It must be boiled clear, allowed to settle so impurities sink, and only the clear upper water used. If turbid from rain, grind peach and apricot kernels, mix the juice into the water, stir well, and the water clears in moments. The *I Ching* says: "Muddy well water is inedible," be cautious. Wells lined with black lead at the bottom can clear stagnation; drinking from them prevents disease. Adding Cinnabar (Dan Sha) increases longevity.
The first draw at dawn is Jing Hua Shui (Well Flower Water), capturing the true qi of Tian Yi floating on the surface, used for decocting yin-nourishing agents and alchemical pills. A Jing Water is sweet and salty, with clear qi and heavy nature.
Solar Term Water: There are twenty-four solar terms in a year, each governing half a month. The taste and aroma of water change accordingly due to the interaction of heaven and earth climates, not limited by borders. From the 1st to the 12th day of the first lunar month, each day governs one month. Each morning, take the first draw, weigh it in a bottle; heavier indicates more rain that month, lighter indicates less. Water stored during Lichun (Start of Spring) and Qingming (Clear and Bright) is called Shen Shui (Divine Water), suitable for making pill powders and medicinal wines, lasting long without spoiling. Water from Guyu (Grain Rain) taken from the Yangtze River is good for brewing wine; stored long, it becomes dark green and crisp. Water taken at noon on Dragon Boat Festival (Duanwu) is effective for combining with pills. If it rains at noon on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, cut bamboo poles urgently; divine water is inside, collect it for medicine. Water from Xiaoman (Grain Full), Mangzhong (Grain in Ear), and Bailu (White Dew) is toxic. Using it for medicine, wine, vinegar, or food causes spoilage. Drinking it causes spleen and stomach diseases. Well flower water drawn at the fifth watch on Start of Autumn, drunk by young and old, cures malaria, dysentery, and hundred diseases. Water from Hanlu (Cold Dew), Dongzhi (Winter Solstice), Xiaohan (Minor Cold), and Dahán (Major Cold), plus La Day water, is suitable for soaking medicinal wines and pills, with effects similar to snow water.
Mountain Spring Water: Sweet and cold in nature. Do not use if there is black soil, toxic stones, or noxious grass above. Rushing, turbulent water causes neck diseases upon drinking. In Xunyang, suddenly hundreds of horses died; inquiry revealed that rain washed out snake/insect toxic water from valleys, which the horses drank.
Ru Xue Water (Breast Cave Water): Sweet and warm in nature. Heavier than other waters, boiling produces salt-like crystals; this is true Ru Xue liquid. Drinking it has the same effect as Zhong Ru Shi (Stalactite). Mountains with jade have moist vegetation; people near mountains live long, due to the efficacy of jade fluids.
Hot Spring: Pungent and hot in nature. Undrinkable; sulfur gas rises from below, bathing feels penetrating. Hot water can cook pig/sheep wool and eggs. Lushan has hot springs; bathe only after full meals; weak persons should avoid it. Huangshan Zhusha Quan (Cinnabar Spring) in Xin'an is slightly red in spring, suitable for tea. Lishan Stone Spring in Chang'an emits little odor. Zhusha Quan is slightly red like realgar but not hot. Springs over arsenic are toxic to bathe in; be cautious.
Seawater: Cool in nature, salty in autumn/winter, bland in spring/summer. Blue seawater is salty and slightly warm, with slight toxicity. At night at sea, water splashing sparks is saline; hence "Blue Sea." Yan Dan Shui (Salt Brine) is salty and bitter, highly toxic. One he suffices to kill livestock; humans too. Used now to curdle tofu and cook yellow substances. Those taking Cinnabar should avoid it.
Water from Ancient Tombs: Cold and toxic; accidental ingestion kills. Water from grain jars is pungent and toxic, originating from ancient tomb food jars. Washing eyes with it allows seeing ghosts; excessive intake causes chest oppression.
Whetstone Water: Washing hands with it causes tinea.
Earth Slurry: Dig a pit, pour fresh water, stir until turbid, let settle. Ingestion relieves poisoning-induced restlessness and all toxins from fish, meat, fruit, vegetables, and mushrooms.
Jiang Shui (Fermented Rice Water): Cook millet hot, throw into cold water, soak for 5-6 days. Spoiled Jiang Shui harms people. Eating with plums causes cholera-like vomiting/diarrhea. Drinking after drunkenness causes aphonia. Pregnant women eating it causes emaciated infants; excessive water intake causes sterility.
Ji Shui (Pickling Water): Sour and salty, cool in nature. Induces vomiting of phlegm/fluid and retained food. Women consuming much cause sterility.
Zeng Qi Shui (Steamer Steam Condensate): Sweet and salty. Indicates ulcer location, guides medicine to the lesion.
Shu Tang (Boiled Water): Boiled vigorously is best. Do not rinse mouth with boiling water, damages teeth. Eye patients should not bathe in hot water, aggravates heat/blindness. Frozen/stiff persons should not wash limbs with hot water, causes nail loss. Do not decoct in copper vessels; accidental ingestion damages voice. Do not drink semi-boiled water, causes bloating and qi depletion.
Sheng Shu Tang (Raw-Boiled Mixed Water): Mix of cold and boiling water, also Yin-Yang Water. For severe drunkenness or excessive fruit consumption, soaking the body in this water makes it smell of alcohol/fruit. *Bowuzhi* states: Soak to waist, eat 50 melons; to neck, unlimited. Uncertain if true.
Various Waters are Toxic: Humans are nurtured by heaven/earth qi, inheriting mountain/river qi, linking beauty/ugliness and longevity/shortevity. Metals/stones/plants follow water/soil nature; how much more so humans? Greedy springs exist, immortal wells exist, recorded in past texts, not deceiving us. *Huainanzi* says: Land generates people by type; mountain qi yields males, marsh qi yields females, water qi yields muteness, wind qi yields deafness, forest qi yields yin-deficiency, wood qi yields hunchbacks, low-lying qi yields hernias, stone qi yields strength, dangerous qi yields goiters, summer qi yields early death, winter qi yields longevity, valley qi yields numbness, hill qi yields madness, broad qi yields benevolence, ridge qi yields greed. Hard soil yields strong people, weak soil yields fragile people, clay soil yields large people, sandy soil yields small people, fertile soil yields beautiful people, barren soil yields ugly people, light soil yields greedy people, heavy soil yields slow people. Clear water yields soft voices, turbid water yields loud voices, rapid water yields flighty people, slow water yields heavy people; all correspond to their kind. *Hetu Kuodi Xiang* says: Nine provinces differ, water sources vary in hardness/weakness. Qingzhou Jue/Zheng meet, qi is light, voices urgent, water sour/bitter. Liangzhou Shang/Zheng connect, qi is brave, voices blocked, water bitter/pungent. Yuzhou Gong/Zheng meet, qi is calm, voices upright, water sweet/bitter. Yong/Ji Shang/Yu combine, qi is majestic, voices quick, water sweet/pungent. Human forms vary in thickness, lifespans in length, due to different water/soil nourishment, verifiable in North/South peoples. Knowing toxic waters to avoid is essential. Red veins in water cannot be broken; boiling wells undrinkable; throw blue stone within 30 steps to stop. Ancient/dry wells dangerous, toxic killing, summer yin qi below especially taboo. Test with chicken feather; spinning/floating means toxic. Pour hot vinegar to enter. Ancient tombs same. Do not block ancient wells, causes deafness/blindness.
Yin-ground flowing springs toxic; drinking in 2nd/8th months causes malarial fevers, leg weakness. Stagnant marsh water in 5th/6th months contains fish/turtle essence; accidental ingestion causes masses. Sand river water causes muteness. Water between two mountains yields many goiters. Flowing water with sound yields thin people. Vase water kills if drunk, especially from Wintersweet. Copper vessel overnight water undrinkable. Cooking water for face washing ruins complexion; body washing causes tinea; foot washing causes pain/sores. Sweat on copper vessels ingested causes carbuncles. Cold water head bath, hot dregs head bath cause head wind, especially taboo for women. Five-colored surface water after overnight is toxic, do not wash hands. Bathing in cold water after epidemic disease damages pericardium.
Bathing in cold water during extreme heat causes cold damage syndrome. Entering cold water after sweating causes bone bi-syndrome. Bathing in wind postpartum causes disease, often fatal. Drinking cold water in alcohol causes hand tremors. Drinking cold tea after alcohol causes alcohol fixation. Sleeping immediately after drinking water causes water fixation. Summer long travel: do not wash feet in cold water. Winter long travel: do not wash feet in hot water. Children drinking from gourd/bottle cause speech delay.
Sui Fire: Human reliance on fire-cooked food determines disease/longevity. Drilling fire for new fuel four seasons, based on annual qi without excess. Elm/Willow turn green first, so taken in Spring. Apricot/Jujube heart is red, so taken in Summer. Zao/Li wood grain is white, so taken in Autumn. Huai/Tan wood heart is black, so taken in Winter. Sang/Tan wood muscle is yellow, so taken in Late Summer.
Sang Wood Fire: Suitable for decocting all tonics; do not boil pork or loach. Do not moxa, damages muscle.
Stove Ash Fire: Called Fu Long Xi (Dragon Sitting Excrement); do not burn incense to worship gods.
Ai Fire (Moxa Fire): Best to use Yang Sui (Bronze Mirror) to catch sun's true fire; next best is drilling Huai wood. If urgent, use pure sesame oil lamp or candle flame, burn Ai stem on wick, moisten inflammatory sores until healed without pain. Fire from striking metal/stone or drilling eight woods is unusable. Eight woods: Pine fire hard to cure, Cypress fire damages spirit/sweats, Mulberry fire damages muscle, Zhe fire damages qi/vessels, Jujube fire damages internal bleeding, Orange fire damages Ying/Wei meridians, Elm fire damages bones/loses will, Bamboo fire damages tendons/eyes.