张焕论云∶婴儿断脐后,宜用浓帛裹护。若乳母不慎,或因沐水入,或儿尿袍中未换,
湿气所侵,或当风解视,风寒所冒,七日内遂有此疾。令儿脐肿多啼,不能哺乳,即成脐风
也。脐肿当视轻重,重者炙二三十次,轻者但汁出多啼,用炒当归末和胡粉敷之,常用热絮
熨之。
又,初生七日内,面赤喘急,啼声不出,名曰嘬口脐风。急看齿龈上有小泡如粟米状,
即以温茶蘸青软帛裹指,轻轻擦破,儿即口开,不须服药。
又方∶白僵蚕直者四枚,炒去丝嘴为细末,蜜调敷唇内即愈。缪仲纯云∶嘬口之症,必
先大便热,须用生犀角及真羚羊角磨和蜜汁饮之,有效。急则宜用大黄二钱,甘草二钱煎服
又,嘬口脐风身热,用胆草、勾藤勾、柴胡、黄芩、茯苓、赤芍、甘草、桔梗各五分,
大黄一分,煨枣引,水煎服。
又,脐风嘬口,用艾叶烧灰填脐上,以布裹之。若脐带已落,用蒜切片贴脐上,以艾火
灸之。
又,麝香少许,研细放脐上,将桐油煎鸡蛋饼微温盖之,吸去风毒,一周时换去,即愈。
北方生儿多不洗浴,初生下但以旧棉拭净,直至三四岁出痘后方浴,或大小便处略以水
揩抹之,故北方人较南方人强健壮实,不徒风气然也。若毕竟要浴,取益母草五两, 细煎
滚,温温浴之,不生疮疥,又可祛寒气风湿。
《产家要诀》云∶儿初出胎,俗洗汤内宜加入食盐少许,洗毕拭干,以研细腻一钱许,
摩其遍身及两胁,然后包裹,既不畏风,又散诸气。今南方三朝方洗,或三朝又洗,将包裹
之儿又复解开,多半由此感冒惊风。甚至延请宾客大众看视,多方称扬,以为热闹,殊不知
小儿业已受害不少,此等风俗最坏。盖洗三虽云古礼,而防患贵在变通。惟有根据前法出胎就
洗,无须三朝复又将儿解开再洗,自是稳当。
《保生要方》云∶小儿初生,水洗不得,且以旧棉絮包裹,大人怀中暖之,浴后仍当如
此。虽暑月旧棉絮亦宜渐渐去之,乍离母腹,未可冒寒气也。预煎沸汤以罐贮之,临时热洗
不犯生水,则儿不生疮。
张焕论述说:婴儿剪断脐带后,应当用厚实的布帛包裹保护。如果乳母不小心,导致洗澡水进入脐部,或者婴儿尿湿衣袍未及时更换,湿气侵袭;或者在风中解开衣物查看,风寒乘虚而入,七日内就会发生这种疾病。此时婴儿脐部肿胀、多啼哭、不能哺乳,就形成了脐风病。对于脐部肿胀,应当视病情轻重处理:重症者艾灸二三十次;轻症者仅见汁液流出且多啼哭,可用炒过的当归末混合胡粉(铅白霜)外敷,并常用热棉絮熨烫患处。
另外,初生七日内,若见面色红赤、呼吸急促、啼哭声不出,称为“嘬口脐风”。紧急时观察齿龈上是否有如粟米状的小水泡,立即用温茶蘸取柔软的丝织品包裹手指,轻轻擦破水泡,婴儿即可张口,不需要服药。
另一个方子:选用直挺的白僵蚕四枚,炒制去除丝嘴后研成细末,用蜂蜜调和敷于嘴唇内侧,即可痊愈。缪仲纯说:患嘬口症的婴儿,必定先出现大便发热的症状,必须使用生犀角和真羚羊角磨汁与蜂蜜混合饮用,有效。急症时宜用大黄二钱、甘草二钱煎服。
另外,治疗嘬口脐风伴有身热的症状,可用龙胆草、钩藤、柴胡、黄芩、茯苓、赤芍、甘草、桔梗各五分,大黄一分,以煨熟的枣为引,加水煎服。
另外,治疗脐风嘬口,可将艾叶烧成灰填入脐部,用布包裹固定。如果脐带已经脱落,可将蒜切片贴于脐上,用艾火灸治。
另外,取少许麝香研细放在脐上,将桐油煎成的鸡蛋饼微温后覆盖在上面,以吸去风毒,一周后更换,即可痊愈。
北方出生的婴儿大多不洗澡,刚生下时只用旧棉花擦拭干净,直到三四岁出痘后才洗澡,或者仅在大小便处略用水擦拭,所以北方人比南方人强健壮实,这不仅仅是风气使然。如果一定要洗澡,取益母草五两,细细煎煮至滚沸,待水温适宜时给婴儿洗浴,可不生疮疥,又能祛除寒气风湿。
《产家要诀》说:婴儿刚出生,俗传的洗婴水中宜加入少许食盐,洗完擦干后,取细腻的药粉约一钱,摩挲其全身及两侧胁肋,然后包裹起来,这样既不怕风邪,又能疏散各种气滞。现在南方地区习俗是三天后才洗澡,或者三天内多次洗澡,把包裹好的婴儿又解开,多半因此导致感冒惊风。甚至邀请宾客大众围观,多方称赞,以为热闹,殊不知婴儿已经受到不少伤害,这种风俗最坏。虽然“洗三”说是古礼,但预防疾病贵在变通。只有根据前面的方法,婴儿出生后就清洗,不需要等到三天后再解开婴儿重新洗,这才是稳妥的做法。
《保生要方》说:小儿刚出生,水洗是不适宜的,应用旧棉絮包裹,在大人怀中温暖它,洗完后仍应如此。即使是暑天,旧棉絮也应逐渐去掉,因为婴儿刚离开母腹,不可冒犯寒气。预先煎好沸汤用罐子储存,临时加热清洗,不接触生水,那么婴儿就不会生疮。
Zhang Huan discussed: After the umbilical cord is cut, the infant should be wrapped and protected with thick cloth. If the wet nurse is careless, allowing bathwater to enter the navel, or if the infant's urine wets the clothes without being changed promptly, invading dampness may occur; or if the clothing is untied in the wind for inspection, wind-cold may invade. Within seven days, this disease will manifest. The infant's navel becomes swollen, cries frequently, cannot suckle milk, and thus forms Navel Wind (Umbilical Tetanus). For navel swelling, treatment depends on severity: for severe cases, moxibustion should be applied twenty to thirty times; for mild cases where only fluid exudes and crying persists, use fried Angelicae Sinensis Radix powder mixed with Lead White (Hufen) for external application, and frequently apply hot cotton wool as a warm compress.
Furthermore, within the first seven days after birth, if the face is red, breathing is rapid, and the cry is absent, it is called Grasping Mouth Navel Wind. In an emergency, check if there are small bubbles like millet grains on the gums. Immediately dip soft silk fabric in warm tea, wrap it around a finger, and gently break the bubbles; the infant will then open its mouth, and no medicine is needed.
Another prescription: Use four straight white silkworms (Bai Jiangcan), stir-fry to remove silk mouths, grind into fine powder, mix with honey, and apply to the inner lips to cure. Miao Zhongchun stated: Infants with Grasping Mouth syndrome must first exhibit hot stools. It is necessary to use fresh Rhinoceros Horn (Sheng Xijiao) and real Antelope Horn (Zhen Lingyangjiao), ground and mixed with honey juice for drinking, which is effective. In acute cases, use two qian of Rheum Palmatum Root and Stolon (Dahuang) and two qian of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) decocted and taken orally.
Additionally, for Grasping Mouth Navel Wind accompanied by body heat, use five fen each of Gentianae Radix (Danshen), Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (Gouteng), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Poria (Fuling), Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), one fen of Rheum Palmatum Root and Stolon (Dahuang), with roasted jujubes as a guide, decocted in water and taken orally.
Additionally, for Navel Wind Grasping Mouth, burn mugwort leaves to ash, fill the navel with it, and wrap with cloth. If the umbilical cord has already fallen off, slice garlic and apply it to the navel, then perform moxibustion.
Additionally, take a small amount of Moschus (Shexiang), grind finely, place on the navel, cover with a slightly warm egg pancake fried in tung oil to absorb wind-toxicity, replace after one week, and it will heal.
Infants born in the North are mostly not bathed. Immediately after birth, they are simply wiped clean with old cotton until they are three or four years old and have had smallpox before bathing, or only the areas of urination and defecation are slightly wiped with water. Therefore, northerners are stronger and sturdier than southerners, not solely due to climate. If bathing is absolutely necessary, take five liang of Motherwort Herb (Yimucao), decoct thoroughly until boiling, and bathe the infant at a warm temperature to prevent sores and scabies, and to dispel cold-dampness.
"Chan Jia Yao Jue" states: When the infant is just born, a small amount of salt should be added to the customary bathing water. After washing and drying, rub about one qian of finely ground powder over the entire body and both flanks, then wrap up. This prevents fear of wind and disperses various stagnant qi. Currently, in the South, the custom is to wait three days to bathe, or to bathe multiple times within three days, unwrapping the swaddled infant repeatedly. This often leads to cold-induced convulsions. Even inviting guests to watch and praising it as lively, they do not realize the infant has suffered much harm. This custom is the worst. Although "washing on the third day" is said to be an ancient ritual, preventing disease requires flexibility. It is safest to follow the previous method of washing immediately after birth, without waiting three days to unwrap and wash again.
"Bao Sheng Yao Fang" states: Newborns should not be washed with water; instead, wrap them in old cotton wool and keep them warm in an adult's embrace. After bathing, continue this practice. Even in summer, the old cotton wool should be gradually removed, as the infant has just left the womb and should not be exposed to cold air. Boiling water should be prepared in advance and stored in jars, heated when needed for washing, avoiding contact with raw water, so that the infant will not develop sores.