黄帝问曰∶余闻揆度奇恒，所指不同，用之奈何？岐伯对曰∶揆度者，度病之浅深也。奇恒者，言奇病
也。请言道之至数，五色脉变，揆度奇恒，道在于一。神转不回，回则不转，乃失其机，至数之要，迫近以
微，着之玉版，命曰合玉机。容色见上下左右，各在其要。其色见浅者，汤液主治，十日已。其见深者，
必齐主治，二十一日已。其见大深者，醪酒主治，
百日已。色夭面脱，不治，百日尽已。脉短气绝死，病温虚甚死。色见上下左右，各在其要。上为逆，下
为从。女子右为逆，左为从；男子左为逆，右为从。易，重阳死，重阴死。阴阳反他，治在权衡相夺，
奇恒事也，揆度事也。搏脉痹 ，寒热之交。脉孤为消气，虚泄为夺血。孤为逆，虚为从。行奇恒之法，
以太阴始。行所不胜曰逆，逆则
死；行所胜曰从，从则活。八风四时之胜，终而复始，逆行一过，不复可数，论要毕矣。
黄帝问曰∶诊要何如？岐伯对曰∶正月二月，天气始方，地气始发，人气在肝。三月四月，天气正方，
地气定发，人气在脾。五月六月，天气盛，地气高，人气在头。七月八月，阴气始杀，人气在肺。九月
十月，阴气始冰，地气始闭，人气在心。十一月十二
月，冰复，地气合，人气在肾。故春刺散俞，及与分理，血出而止，甚者传气，间者环也。夏刺络俞，见
血而止，尽气闭环，痛病必下。秋刺皮肤，循理，上下同法，神变而止。冬刺俞窍于分理，甚者直下，间者散
下。春夏秋冬，各有所刺，法其所在。春刺夏分，脉乱气微，入淫骨髓，病不能愈，令人不嗜食，又且少气。
春刺秋分，筋挛，逆气环为咳嗽，病不愈，令
人时惊，又且哭。春刺冬分，邪气着藏，令人胀，病不愈，又且欲言语。夏刺春分，病不愈，令人解惰。
夏刺秋分，病不愈，令人心中欲无言，惕惕如人将捕之。夏刺冬分，病不愈，令人少气，时欲怒。秋刺春分，
病不已，令人惕然欲有所为，起而忘之。秋刺夏分，病不已，令人益嗜卧，又且善梦。秋刺冬分，病不已，
令人洒洒时寒。冬刺春分，病不已，令人欲
卧不能眠，眠而有见。冬刺夏分，病不愈，气上，发为诸痹。冬刺秋分，病不已，令人善渴。凡刺胸腹者，
必避五脏。中心者环死，中脾者五日死，中肾者七日死，中肺者五日死，中膈者，皆为伤中，其病虽愈，
不过一岁必死。刺避五脏者，知逆从也。
所谓从者，膈与脾肾之处，不知者反之。刺胸腹者，必以布 着之，乃从单布上刺，刺之不愈复刺。刺
针必肃，刺肿摇针，经刺勿摇，此刺之道也。
帝曰∶愿闻十二经脉之终奈何？岐伯曰∶太阳之脉，其终也戴眼反折螈 ，其色白，绝汗乃出，出则
死矣。少阳终者，耳聋百节皆纵，目HT 绝系，绝系一日半死，其死也色先青白，乃死矣。阳明终者，口
目动作，善惊妄言，色黄，其上下经盛，不仁，则终
矣。少阴终者，面黑齿长而垢，腹胀闭，上下不通而终矣。太阴终者，腹胀闭不得息，善噫善呕，呕则
逆，逆则面赤，不逆则上下不通，不通则面黑皮毛焦而终矣。厥阴终者，中热嗌干，善溺心烦，甚则舌卷
卵上缩而终矣。此十二经之所败也。
异法方宜论∶跷（巨娇切）砭（普廉切）致（直利切）
移精变气论∶ （古哀切，草根也）标（必尧切）
汤液醪醴论∶（音劳） （音 ，斩也）涤（音迪）秽（音畏）
玉版论∶度（徒各切） （必益切）
诊要经终论∶ （古尧切） （音纵）HT （音琼） （音闪）跗（音夫）
黄帝问道：我听说“揆度”和“奇恒”所指的内容不同，应当如何运用？岐伯回答说：“揆度”，是衡量病情的深浅程度。“奇恒”，是指谈论奇异罕见的疾病。请允许我阐述医道的精微之数，观察五色与脉象的变化，运用揆度和奇恒的方法，其道理在于一个统一的原则。神气流转不息，若停滞不转，就会失去生机，这是至数的关键所在，它迫近而微妙，记载在玉版上，命名为《合玉机》。面部的色泽显现于上下左右各个部位，各自对应着关键的脏腑经络。如果色泽浅淡，用汤液治疗，十天可以痊愈；如果色泽深沉，必须用齐（指药剂或药物）治疗，二十一天可以痊愈；如果色泽深重至极，用醪酒治疗，一百天可以痊愈；如果面色枯槁、面容脱形，则无法治疗，到第一百天结束时死亡。如果脉短促、气息断绝，就会死亡；患温病且正气极度虚弱的，也会死亡。
色泽显现于上下左右，各自对应关键部位。上部为逆证，下部为顺证。女子右侧为逆证，左侧为顺证；男子左侧为逆证，右侧为顺证。如果是重阳之证或重阴之证，都会导致死亡。阴阳之气相互背离反常，治疗在于权衡利弊，采取相夺（即抑制过盛的一方）的方法，这属于奇恒和揆度的范畴。脉搏搏动有力而伴有痹阻，是寒热邪气交争的表现。脉象孤绝无力，是消损元气的表现；脉虚伴泄泻，是耗夺血液的表现。脉孤绝为逆证，脉虚弱为顺证。施行奇恒之法，从太阴经开始。行于所不胜（即克我者）的规律称为逆，逆则致死；行于所胜（即我克者）的规律称为从，从则存活。八风与四时的胜负变化，循环往复，一旦逆行超过限度，就无法再计数了，重要的理论论述至此完毕。
黄帝问道：诊察的关键是什么？岐伯回答说：正月二月，天气刚开始方正（生发），地气刚开始发动，人气在肝。三月四月，天气正当旺盛，地气稳定发动，人气在脾。五月六月，天气盛大，地气高扬，人气在头。七月八月，阴气开始肃杀，人气在肺。九月十月，阴气开始结冰，地气开始闭藏，人气在心。十一月十二月，冰再次出现，地气闭合，人气在肾。所以春季针刺散俞穴及分理之间，见血就停止，病情重的传变经气，病情轻的经过一个循环周期即可痊愈。夏季针刺络俞穴，见血就停止，尽气闭环，痛病必然向下消退。秋季针刺皮肤，顺着纹理，上下采用相同的方法，神气发生变化就停止。冬季针刺俞窍于分理之间，病情重的直下进针，病情轻的分散进针。春夏秋冬四季，各有不同的刺法，要依据人气所在的部位而定。如果在春季针刺夏季对应的部位，脉象紊乱、气微弱，邪气深入骨髓，病不能痊愈，使人食欲不振，并且气短。如果在春季针刺秋季对应的部位，会导致筋脉拘挛，逆气环绕引发咳嗽，病不痊愈，使人时常惊恐，并且想哭。如果在春季针刺冬季对应的部位，邪气附着于内脏，使人腹胀，病不痊愈，并且想要说话。如果在夏季针刺春季对应的部位，病不痊愈，使人懈怠懒惰。如果在夏季针刺秋季对应的部位，病不痊愈，使人心中想沉默不语，惶恐不安像被人追捕一样。如果在夏季针刺冬季对应的部位，病不痊愈，使人气短，时常想发怒。如果在秋季针刺春季对应的部位，病不愈，使人惶恐不安想做事情，起来却忘记了。如果在秋季针刺夏季对应的部位，病不愈，使人更加嗜睡，并且多梦。如果在秋季针刺冬季对应的部位，病不愈，使人洒洒然时常感到寒冷。如果在冬季针刺春季对应的部位，病不愈，使人想睡觉却不能安眠，睡眠中会有幻视。如果在冬季针刺夏季对应的部位，病不愈，气机上逆，发为各种痹证。如果在冬季针刺秋季对应的部位，病不愈，使人容易口渴。凡是针刺胸腹部的，必须避开五脏。刺中心脏的，环周而死；刺中脾脏的，五日死；刺中肾脏的，七日死；刺中肺脏的，五日死；刺中膈膜的，都属于损伤中气，虽然病看似痊愈，但不过一年必定死亡。针刺避开五脏，关键在于知道逆从的道理。所谓从，是指膈、脾、肾所在的位置，不知道的人就会相反（误刺）。针刺胸腹部时，必须用布覆盖，然后隔着单层布进行针刺，如果没治好再刺。持针必须严肃庄重，针刺肿疡时要摇动针具，经脉针刺不要摇动，这就是针刺的道理。
黄帝说：我想听听十二经脉终绝时的表现是怎样的？岐伯说：太阳经脉终绝时，表现为两眼上视、角弓反张、抽搐，面色苍白，绝汗流出，汗出后即死亡。少阳经脉终绝时，耳聋、全身关节松弛下垂，目系断绝，目系断绝后一天半死亡，死亡前面色先青后白，然后死亡。阳明经脉终绝时，口眼抽动歪斜，易受惊吓、胡言乱语，面色发黄，上下经脉充盈躁动，肌肤麻木不仁，然后就终绝了。少阴经脉终绝时，面色发黑，牙齿显得长且污垢堆积，腹胀闭塞，上下不通气而终绝。太阴经脉终绝时，腹胀闭塞不能呼吸，频繁嗳气、呕吐，呕吐则气逆，气逆则面色发红，不气逆则上下不通，不通则面色发黑、皮毛焦枯而终绝。厥阴经脉终绝时，心中发热、咽喉干燥，小便频数、心烦，严重时舌卷缩、睾丸上缩而终绝。这就是十二经脉败绝的表现。
异法方宜论：跷（巨娇切）砭（普廉切）致（直利切）
移精变气论： （古哀切，草根也）标（必尧切）
汤液醪醴论：（音劳） （音 ，斩也）涤（音迪）秽（音畏）
玉版论：度（徒各切） （必益切）
诊要经终论： （古尧切） （音纵）HT （音琼） （音闪）跗（音夫）
Huangdi asked, "I have heard that 'Kui Du' (Measuring and Estimating) and 'Qi Heng' (Extraordinary and Constant) refer to different concepts. How should they be applied?" Qibo replied, "'Kui Du' refers to measuring the depth and severity of a disease. 'Qi Heng' refers to discussing extraordinary or rare diseases. Please allow me to expound on the ultimate principles of medicine: observing changes in the Five Colors and pulse variations, applying Kui Du and Qi Heng, all revolve around one unified principle. The Shen Spirit (Divine Spirit/Mental Activity) rotates and flows without returning; if it stagnates and does not rotate, the vital mechanism is lost. This is the essence of the ultimate principles—profound and subtle. It is inscribed on the Jade Tablet and named 'He Yu Ji' (Joining with the Jade Machine). Facial colors appearing in the upper, lower, left, and right positions each correspond to their respective critical areas. If the color is superficial, treatment with Tang Ye (Medicinal Decoctions) will result in recovery within ten days. If the color is deep, treatment with Qi (Medicines/Prescriptions) is required, with recovery in twenty-one days. If the color is extremely deep, treatment with Lao Jiu (Fermented Medicinal Wine) is needed, taking one hundred days for recovery. If the complexion is dull and the face appears emaciated, the condition is untreatable, and death will occur at the end of one hundred days. A short pulse and exhausted Qi indicate death; severe deficiency in Warm Diseases also leads to death.
Colors appearing in the upper, lower, left, and right positions correspond to key areas. Appearance in the upper part indicates a Ni Zheng (Rebellious/Adverse pattern), while appearance in the lower part indicates a Cong Zheng (Compliant/Favorable pattern). For women, the right side is Adverse and the left is Favorable; for men, the left side is Adverse and the right is Favorable. Patterns of Extreme Yang or Extreme Yin both lead to death. When Yin and Yang Qi are reversed and abnormal, treatment lies in weighing pros and cons and suppressing the excess (Xiang Duo), which falls under the categories of Qi Heng and Kui Du. A forceful pulse accompanied by Bi obstruction indicates an interplay of Cold and Heat pathogens. An isolated pulse indicates the consumption of Qi; a deficient pulse with diarrhea indicates the depletion of Blood. Isolation is Adverse; deficiency is Favorable. To practice the method of Qi Heng, one begins with the Tai Yin Meridian. Acting against the generating cycle (Sheng Bu Sheng, i.e., being overcome) is called Adverse, leading to death; acting according to the overcoming cycle (Sheng Sheng, i.e., overcoming others) is called Favorable, leading to survival. The victory and defeat of the Eight Winds and Four Seasons repeat endlessly; once reversal exceeds its limit, it cannot be counted again. The essential theories are now complete.
Huangdi asked, "What are the essentials of diagnosis?" Qibo replied, "In the first and second lunar months, Heaven's Qi begins to generate, Earth's Qi begins to rise, and Human Qi resides in the Liver. In the third and fourth months, Heaven's Qi is fully established, Earth's Qi is stable and rising, and Human Qi resides in the Spleen. In the fifth and sixth months, Heaven's Qi is abundant, Earth's Qi is high, and Human Qi resides in the Head. In the seventh and eighth months, Yin Qi begins to kill (wither/cut down), and Human Qi resides in the Lungs. In the ninth and tenth months, Yin Qi begins to freeze, Earth's Qi begins to close, and Human Qi resides in the Heart. In the eleventh and twelfth months, ice returns, Earth's Qi combines/closes, and Human Qi resides in the Kidneys. Therefore, in Spring, needle the San Yu (Scattered Shu) points and the muscle fissures; stop when blood appears. For severe cases, transmit Qi; for mild cases, wait for one cycle (Huan) for recovery. In Summer, needle the Luo Yu (Collateral Shu) points; stop when blood appears, exhausting Qi and closing the loop, ensuring pain diseases subside. In Autumn, needle the skin following the grain/fissures; apply the same method above and below; stop when Shen changes. In Winter, needle the Shu apertures in the fissures; for severe cases, insert directly; for mild cases, disperse insertion. Each season has specific needling methods based on where the Qi resides.
If one needles the Summer sector in Spring, the pulse becomes chaotic and Qi weakens, pathogenic factors penetrate into the Marrow, the disease cannot be cured, appetite decreases, and Qi becomes insufficient. If one needles the Autumn sector in Spring, tendon spasms occur, rebellious Qi circulates causing cough, the disease persists, causing frequent fright and weeping. If one needles the Winter sector in Spring, pathogenic factors attach to the Zang Organs, causing abdominal distension, the disease persists, and there is an urge to speak. If one needles the Spring sector in Summer, the disease persists, causing lethargy and laziness. If one needles the Autumn sector in Summer, the disease persists, causing silence in the heart, palpitations as if being hunted. If one needles the Winter sector in Summer, the disease persists, causing shortness of Qi and irritability. If one needles the Spring sector in Autumn, the disease persists, causing anxiety and restlessness, forgetting actions upon standing. If one needles the Summer sector in Autumn, the disease persists, causing excessive sleepiness and vivid dreams. If one needles the Winter sector in Autumn, the disease persists, causing chills. If one needles the Spring sector in Winter, the disease persists, causing insomnia with visual hallucinations. If one needles the Summer sector in Winter, the disease persists, causing ascending Qi and various Bi syndromes. If one needles the Autumn sector in Winter, the disease persists, causing excessive thirst.
Whenever needling the chest and abdomen, one must avoid the Zang Organs. Needling the Heart leads to death within a cycle; needling the Spleen leads to death in five days; needling the Kidneys leads to death in seven days; needling the Lungs leads to death in five days; needling the Diaphragm causes injury to the Middle Jiao; even if symptoms seem to resolve, death will occur within a year. Avoiding the Zang Organs requires knowing the principles of Adverse and Favorable patterns. 'Favorable' refers to the locations of the Diaphragm, Spleen, and Kidneys; ignorance leads to the opposite error. When needling the chest and abdomen, cover the area with cloth, then needle through a single layer of cloth. If ineffective, needle again. Maintain solemnity when holding the needle; shake the needle when treating swellings, but do not shake during Jing Meridian needling. This is the way of needling.
Huangdi said, "I wish to hear about the termination of the Twelve Meridians." Qibo said, "When the Tai Yang Meridian terminates, the eyes roll upward, opisthotonos occurs, convulsions happen, the complexion is white, and absolute sweat (Jue Han) appears; after sweating, death ensues. When the Shao Yang Meridian terminates, deafness occurs, all joints become flaccid, the eye connections sever; death occurs one and a half days later, preceded by a greenish-white complexion. When the Yang Ming Meridian terminates, mouth and eyes twitch, fright and delirium occur, the complexion is yellow, the upper and lower meridians are full and restless, insensitivity sets in, and termination follows. When the Shao Yin Meridian terminates, the face turns black, teeth appear long and dirty, abdominal distension and closure occur, upper and lower communication ceases, and termination follows. When the Tai Yin Meridian terminates, abdominal distension and closure prevent breathing, frequent belching and vomiting occur; vomiting leads to rebellion, rebellion leads to redness of the face; if no rebellion, upper and lower blockage occurs, blockage leads to blackness and scorched skin/hair, and termination follows. When the Jue Yin Meridian terminates, internal heat and dry throat occur, frequent urination and vexation arise; severely, the tongue curls and the testes retract, leading to termination. These are the failures of the Twelve Meridians."
Yi Fa Fang Yi Lun: Qiao (pronounced ju jiao) Bian (pronounced pu lian) Zhi (pronounced zhi li)
Yi Jing Bian Qi Lun: [Character] (pronounced gu ai, meaning root of a grass) Biao (pronounced bi yao)
Tang Ye Lao Li Lun: [Character] (pronounced lao) [Character] (pronounced [sound], meaning chop) Di (pronounced di) Hui (pronounced wei)
Yu Ban Lun: Du (pronounced tu ge) [Character] (pronounced bi yi)
Zhen Yao Jing Zhong Lun: [Character] (pronounced gu yao) [Character] (pronounced zong) HT (pronounced qiong) [Character] (pronounced shan) Fu (pronounced fu)