昌黎韩子曰∶莫为之前,虽美而弗彰;莫为之后,虽盛而弗传。旨哉斯言,千载上下赖
继续,不然,前之人苦心积虑而有所成者,后之人漠而视其殄灭澌尽。不承往古,以开示来兹,
几何不胥天下而盲哉。是故抱残守缺之君子,尤于绝学三致其意焉,良有以也。史迁着书成
,其自序则曰藏之名山,传诸其人。嗟乎,其人岂易得哉。妫川胡公芝樵者,好学而慕古,
博艺而多能。惟博艺也,故惜艺如命;惟慕古也,故惧古就湮。所学所能,余望其洋而莫测
其涯 矣。今特于其校刊启蒙真谛也。蠡举一勺,愿与天下共测之,《启蒙真谛》者,妫川
总括两家目科名之也。其一清江邓博望先生着,有《一草亭目科全书》,原简残缺,其一不
知何许人着,有《异授眼科》,留于天壤间,有扫云之巧,有拨雾之奇,康熙朝,年公希尧
举邓书而重刊,又异授而创刻之。今遍求之不能得其本,惜哉惜哉,其学绝矣哉。余赋性疏
狂,不甘牖下处,好游也久矣,交士大夫亦多矣。所过而见者,锦绣之华丽,珍宝之充盈,
光怪陆离,骇耀俗耳目,则往往皆是。然余视之蔑如也,两目直若盲,夫余不盲于目,而若
盲于目,则知彼不盲目,而实不特盲目,且盲于心矣。悲哉悲哉,是谁使之胥世之寡识者,
而竟盲之哉。光绪庚辰春,余下龙眠,入于闽,一见辄相得者,则有胡妫川而已。戾止其厅
事,名书画数幅,陈设寥寥,浑朴而近古。揖坐而谈之,状貌盎岸,而言皆有物,退而折矣
,谓是可以启余之盲矣。居无何,不知妫川于何所取余,款而馆之家,命幼子受经焉。日月
逾迈,寒暑已两嬗至今,初余之至馆也。不意心目间蔑视于彼,而忽骇耀于此矣。何为其然
也?登其堂书而已,入其斋书而已,憩其舍书而已。琅函山架。牙签丛积。其视锦绣珍宝。
则倍蓰其光怪陆离矣。观止矣。其蔑以加矣。迨余馆居久,乃愈识妫川邃于经,熟于史,错
综诸子百家言,尤深岐黄学,尤非特此也。尤有可异者,星象也,指奕棋堪舆也,捕龙虎阳
宅也,按羲索卜筮也。悬龟鉴而六壬,尤精风鉴也,具只眼而妍媸,而善恶,而邪正,而吉
凶者,俱呈露而莫能遁其形。神峰则举天下穷通寿夭,归指掌之间,兵法则尝试之矣。杀贼
于湖湘,升平之世无所用,妫川固秘而绝口不谈。凡此者,固又妫川之锦绣,妫川之珍宝,
光怪陆离于其胸腹中者也,岂特岐黄之学哉。岐黄洋海一HT 耳,是故今者所校刊,拳拳然,
殷殷然,惟古绝学,于我乎是续为快。噫吁嘻,博望诸贤,既绝而复续于自今以后也,苟非赖
有好学慕古,博艺多能之妫川,将何所于传,得其人哉。假使是书仅落他人手,其漠不知宝
惜者,委置于橱架,若非蠹蚀而鼠啮,即将上漏下湿,糜烂不堪,付之故簏,投之水火耳
,谁复过而问哉。其知之为宝也者,则又深藏而秘之,独得以居奇,私持其术,射利于天下
,疗天下之盲,以盲天下之耳目,使群惊为空前绝后奇特技,是更博其名,而其究也亦同归
于尽。然则藏之名山,传诸其人者之两等人,夫岂其人哉。今妫川惜之至,惧之深,惜其
艺之将绝,而又惧古之就湮,举而刊之,以广布天下,传矣。博望诸贤,不仅当年一时之盛
矣,后之人苟有精其艺而擅用之美者,举皆《启蒙真谛》是宗矣。执艺以成名,名艺必具彰
彰矣。嗟乎,妫川一人耳,上往古,下来兹,为之后而为之前,真欲持是以不盲天下,天下
安得而测之。嗟乎嗟乎,余性疏且狂,愿大召告天下曰∶盲者可不盲,其不盲者,勿自抵于
盲。当保其目,如保其心也可。
光绪八年岁次壬午孟春上浣皖桐张寿六拙我氏序
昌黎韩愈曾说:“如果没有人在前面倡导,即使美好也无法彰显;如果没有人在后面传承,即使兴盛也无法流传。”这话真是精辟啊!千年来上下古今都依赖这种继承,否则,前人苦心积虑有所成就的学问,后人就会漠然视之,任其灭绝殆尽。不继承古代的传统,来开导启示后来的人,那么天下人岂不是都要变成盲人吗?因此,那些抱残守缺的君子,对于断绝的学问特别致意,确实是有道理的。
司马迁著书完成,他在自序中说要把书“藏之名山,传诸其人”。唉!这样的人哪里容易得到呢?妫川胡公芝樵,好学且仰慕古人,博学多才且技能众多。正因为博学多才,所以爱惜技艺如同生命;正因为仰慕古人,所以害怕古学就此湮灭。他所学习掌握的知识,我望着他如海洋般广阔而无法测知其边际。现在特别对他校刊《启蒙真谛》一书进行论述。像从蠡勺中取出一勺水那样,愿与天下人共同探究,《启蒙真谛》是妫川总括两家眼科名著而命名的。其中一家是清江邓博望先生所著,有《一草亭目科全书》,原本简略残缺;另一家不知是谁所著,有《异授眼科》,流传于天地之间,有扫除云雾般的巧妙,有拨开迷雾般的奇特。康熙年间,年希尧先生举荐邓氏之书重新刊印,又对《异授眼科》首创刻版。如今遍寻此书已不能得到原本,可惜啊可惜,这门学问快要断绝了。
我生性疏狂,不甘于在窗下独处,喜好游历已经很久了,结交的士大夫也很多。我所经过的地方所见到的,往往是锦绣的华丽、珍宝的充盈,光怪陆离,惊耀世俗人的耳目,到处都是。然而我看这些却毫不在意,双眼直若盲人。其实我不盲于眼睛,却好像盲于眼睛,由此可知他们不盲于眼睛,实际上不仅眼盲,而且心也盲了。可悲啊可悲,是谁使得世间少识之人竟然变得盲目呢?
光绪庚辰年春季,我下到龙眠,进入福建,一见就意气相投的,只有胡妫川罢了。他来到厅堂,陈列着几幅名书画,陈设寥寥无几,浑厚朴实而接近古风。作揖坐下交谈,他的仪表气度不凡,言谈都有内容,退下来后我折服了,认为这可以开启我的盲目。没过多久,不知胡妫川从哪里得知我,热情地邀请我到家中馆舍居住,让他的幼子向我受业读书。日月流逝,寒暑交替了两次到现在,起初我刚到馆舍时,没想到心里轻视了他,却忽然被这里的景象惊耀到了。为什么会这样呢?登上他的厅堂全是书,进入他的书房全是书,休息在他的居室也是书。书函如山,书架林立,牙签(书签)堆积如山。比起锦绣珍宝的光怪陆离,这里更是超过数倍。真是看尽了美景,无以复加了。等到我在馆中居住久了,才更加认识到胡妫川精通经学,熟悉史学,错综综合诸子百家的言论,尤其深入岐黄医学(中医),不仅如此。更有奇异的是,他通晓星象,擅长围棋堪舆,捕捉龙虎阳宅风水,按照羲皇索卦进行卜筮。悬挂龟甲占卜六壬,尤其精通风水鉴赏。具备独到的眼光,无论是美丑、善恶、邪正、吉凶,都显露无遗,无法隐藏形迹。神峰(面相/命理术语)则能洞察天下穷通寿夭,归结于手掌之间,兵法他也尝试过并实践了。曾在湖湘地区杀贼立功,但在太平盛世无处施展,胡妫川对此秘而不宣,绝口不谈。凡此种种,固然是胡妫川心中的锦绣和珍宝,在他胸腹中光怪陆离,岂止是岐黄之学呢?岐黄之学不过是汪洋大海中的一滴水罢了。所以现在所校刊的,诚恳殷切,只是为古代断绝的学问得以延续而感到快乐。唉!博望等先贤的学问,既然从今以后得以断而复续,如果不是依靠爱好学习、仰慕古人、博学多才的胡妫川,将靠什么来传承,得到合适的人选呢?假使这本书仅仅落在别人手里,那些不知道珍惜宝贝的人,把它扔在橱柜架子上,如果不是被虫蛀蚀老鼠咬,就是上面漏雨下面潮湿,腐烂不堪,付之破筐,投入水火而已,谁还会路过问一声呢?那些知道它是宝贝的人,又会深深收藏秘密持有,独自以此奇货可居,私持医术,向天下谋取利益,治疗天下的盲人,却用盲目去蒙蔽天下的耳目,使众人惊讶以为是空前绝后的奇特技艺,这样更是博取了名声,但最终结果也是一同归于尽。那么,“藏之名山,传诸其人”这两种人,难道不是指这类人吗?现在胡妫川极其珍惜它,恐惧得很深,珍惜他的技艺即将断绝,又恐惧古学就此湮灭,于是将其刊印,以广泛传播天下,使之流传。博望等先贤,不仅仅是一时的兴盛,后代的人如果有精通技艺并善于运用之美德的人,都将尊奉《启蒙真谛》为宗师。凭借技艺而成名,名声技艺必定会显著彰显。唉!胡妫川一人而已,上承往古,下启来兹,作为后来者又作为开创者,真想要凭借这个不让天下人盲目,天下人怎么能揣测得了呢?唉唉!我生性疏懒且狂放,愿意大声向天下宣告:盲目的人可以不盲目,不盲目的人,不要自己陷入盲目。应当保护眼睛,就像保护心灵一样。
光绪八年岁次壬午孟春上浣皖桐张寿六拙我氏序
Han Yu of Changli once said: "If no one precedes it, even if beautiful, it will not be manifest; if no one follows it, even if prosperous, it will not be transmitted." How profound these words are! For thousands of years, the past and present have relied on this continuity. Otherwise, the achievements attained through the painstaking efforts of predecessors would be viewed indifferently by successors, leading to their complete extinction. If one does not inherit the ancient traditions to enlighten future generations, would not the entire world become blind? Therefore, gentlemen who cling to the old and preserve the fragmented pay special attention to lost learning, which is indeed justified.
Sima Qian, upon completing his book, stated in his preface that he intended to "hide it in famous mountains and transmit it to worthy individuals." Alas! How difficult it is to find such individuals? Hu Zhijiao of Guichuan loved learning and admired antiquity; he was versatile in arts and skilled in many abilities. Because he was versatile, he cherished his skills as his life; because he admired antiquity, he feared that ancient knowledge would vanish. His learning and capabilities were like an ocean to me, boundless and unfathomable. Now, I specifically discuss his proofreading and publication of *Qimeng Zhen Di* (The True Essence of Enlightenment). Like taking a scoop of water from a gourd ladle, I wish to explore this with the world. *Qimeng Zhen Di* is the title given by Hu of Guichuan to summarize two famous ophthalmology works. One was written by Mr. Deng Bowang of Qingjiang, titled *Yicaoting Mukke Quanshu* (Complete Book of Ophthalmology at Yicaoting Pavilion), but the original was brief and incomplete. The other, author unknown, was *Yishou Yanke* (Uniquely Transmitted Eye Surgery), which remained in the world, possessing the skill of clearing clouds and the wonder of dispelling fog. During the Kangxi reign, Nian Xiyao promoted the reprinting of Deng's work and initiated the carving of *Yishou Yanke*. Today, despite extensive searching, the original texts cannot be found. What a pity! This learning is on the verge of extinction.
I am naturally eccentric and unrestrained, unwilling to stay confined under a window, having loved traveling for a long time, and having met many scholars and officials. Everywhere I went, I saw brocade-like splendor and abundant treasures, bizarre and dazzling to worldly eyes, everywhere. Yet I viewed them with disdain, my eyes seemingly blind. In fact, I am not blind in sight, but seem so; thus, I know that they are not merely blind in sight, but also blind in heart. How sad! Who has made the ignorant people of the world truly blind?
In the spring of Gengchen year of the Guangxu era, I traveled to Longmian and entered Fujian. The only person I connected with immediately was Hu Guichuan. He arrived at his hall, displaying a few pieces of famous calligraphy and painting, with sparse furnishings, simple and rustic, close to ancient styles. After bowing and sitting down to talk, his demeanor was dignified, and his words were substantial. Retreating afterwards, I was convinced, believing this could open my blindness. Not long after, Hu Guichuan somehow learned of me, warmly invited me to stay at his home, and instructed his young son to study classics under me. Days and months passed, winter and summer alternated twice until now. Initially, when I arrived at the residence, I unexpectedly held him in low regard in my mind, yet was suddenly dazzled by what I saw here. Why was this so? Ascending his hall, there were only books; entering his study, there were only books; resting in his quarters, there were only books. Book cases stood like mountains, shelves filled with scrolls. Compared to the dazzling splendor of brocades and treasures, this was several times more magnificent. Truly, I had seen all beauty, nothing could surpass it. Only after staying there for a long time did I realize that Hu Guichuan was profound in Confucian Classics, familiar with History, well-versed in the Hundred Schools of Thought, and especially deep in Qi-Huang studies (Traditional Chinese Medicine). Moreover, there was something even more extraordinary: he understood astrology, was skilled in Go and Feng Shui, mastered Dragon-Tiger Yang House geomancy, and practiced divination according to Fuxi's methods. He used tortoise shells for Liu Ren divination and was particularly adept at wind-water appraisal. Possessing unique insight, whether judging beauty or ugliness, good or evil, orthodoxy or heterodoxy, auspiciousness or inauspiciousness, everything was revealed without hiding its form. Through Shen Feng (physiognomy/destiny analysis), he could discern the prosperity, adversity, longevity, and early death of the world, summarizing them in the palm of his hand. He had also tried military strategy, serving to suppress rebels in Huxiang. In times of peace, such skills were useless, so Hu Guichuan kept them secret and never spoke of them. All these were essentially the brocades and treasures in Hu Guichuan's chest and abdomen, dazzling and bizarre, far beyond just Qi-Huang studies. Qi-Huang studies were but a drop in the vast ocean. Therefore, what I am currently proofreading and publishing, with sincere and earnest devotion, is solely to continue the lost ancient learning, finding joy in this continuation. Alas! The learning of Bowang and other sages, since being continued from now on, relies entirely on Hu Guichuan, who loves learning, admires antiquity, and is versatile. Without him, how could it be transmitted? To whom could it be entrusted? If this book had fallen into the hands of others who did not cherish it as a treasure, it would have been thrown onto shelves, subject to insect damage and rodent gnawing, or leaking rain and dampness, rotting away, discarded in broken baskets, or thrown into fire and water. Who would have asked about it? Those who knew its value would have hidden it deeply and kept it secret, hoarding it to sell for profit, treating the world's blindness while blinding the world's eyes, making crowds marvel at it as an unprecedented and unparalleled unique skill. This would gain fame, but ultimately lead to the same end. Thus, those who "hide it in famous mountains and transmit it to worthy individuals" are distinct from such people. Now, Hu Guichuan cherishes it greatly and fears it deeply, fearing his art will perish and ancient knowledge will vanish. He has published it to spread it widely throughout the world. The sages like Bowang are not just a momentary glory of their time. Future generations who master these skills and apply them beautifully will take *Qimeng Zhen Di* as their model. By mastering an art, one achieves fame; fame and art will surely be manifest. Alas! Hu Guichuan alone connects the past and future, acting as both successor and predecessor. He truly wishes to use this to prevent the world from blindness. How can the world fathom this? Alas, alas! I am lazy and eccentric, and I wish to proclaim loudly to the world: The blind need not remain blind; those who see should not plunge themselves into blindness. Protect your eyes as you protect your heart.
Preface by Zhang Shouliu, Zhuowo, of Wantong, in the first ten days of the first month of the Renwu year, 8th Year of Guangxu.