脉∶泻脉自沉。沉迟寒侵，沉数火热，沉虚滑脱，暑湿缓弱，多在夏月。
泄泻之症，只因脾胃虚弱，饥寒饮食过度，或为风寒暑湿所伤，皆令泄泻。治须分利小便、健脾燥湿为主。
若泻太多而不止者，当用补住为要。若泻不止，手足寒、脉虚脱、烦躁发呃、气短、目直视、昏冒不识人者，皆死
症也。若泄泻初起，不可就用补塞，恐积气未尽而成腹疼饱闷、恶心烦躁发呃而死。直待泻去四五次方可补住。此
大法也。
泄泻清浊不分者，湿多成五泻也。
胃苓汤 治脾胃不和，腹痛泄泻，水谷不化，阴阳不分。
苍术（米泔制） 浓朴（姜汁炒） 陈皮 猪苓 泽泻 白术（去芦） 茯苓（去皮） 白芍（煨。各一钱）
肉桂 甘草（炙。各二分）
上锉一剂，生姜、枣子煎，空心温服。水泻加滑石；暴痢赤白相杂，腹痛里急后重去桂，加木香、槟榔、黄
连，水煎服；久泻加升麻；胜湿加防风、升麻，食积加神曲、麦芽、山楂；气虚加参、术。
寒泄者，悠悠腹痛，泻无休止，色青，脉沉迟是也。
理中汤 治寒泻症。
人参 白术（去芦） 干姜（炒。各一钱） 官桂 甘草（炙。各五分） 陈皮 藿香 茯苓（去皮）
良姜（各七分） 乌梅（一个）
上锉一剂，生姜三片、枣二枚、灯草一团，水煎温服。寒极手足冷，脉沉细，加附子去良姜、官桂；腹痛加
浓朴、砂仁、木香，去人参，呕哕恶心加丁香、半夏，去良姜、官桂；泻不止加苍术、山药；泻多不止加肉蔻、
诃子、附子，去良姜、官桂；虚汗加黄 ，去藿香、官桂；饱闷加浓朴、砂仁，去人参、良姜、官桂。
火泻者，腹中痛一阵，泻一阵，后去如汤，后重如滞，泻下赤色，小水短赤，烦渴脉数是也。（即火泻也。）
四苓散 治火泻热泻。
茯苓 白术 猪苓 泽泻 苍术（炒） 山药 芍药 山栀（炒） 陈皮（各一钱） 甘草（五分） 乌梅
（一个）
上锉一剂，灯草一团，水煎温服。饱闷加浓朴、砂仁，去山药，腹痛加浓朴、砂仁、木香、茴香，去白术，呕
哕恶心加藿香、乌梅、莲肉、砂仁、人参；小水短赤加木通、车
前，去泽泻，口燥烦渴加黄连、麦芽、莲肉、乌梅、干葛，去泽泻、苍术；泻多元气虚脱昏倦加人参、黄 ，
去泽泻、苍术；夏月暑泻加香藿、扁豆；泻多烦躁加炒黄连、人参、辰砂、乌梅，去苍术、泽泻；泻多不止
加肉蔻、乌梅、人参，去泽泻、山栀，发热脉数加柴胡、炒黄芩、乌梅。
暑泻者，夏月暴泻如水，面垢、脉虚、烦渴、自汗是也。香薷饮（方见中暑。）根据本方加人参、白术、
茯苓、白芍、陈皮、甘草，炒米一撮、乌梅一个、灯芯一团煎服。
湿泻者，泻水多而腹不痛，腹响雷鸣，脉细是也。
五苓散 治湿泻症。
茯苓（去皮） 白术（去芦） 猪苓 泽泻 山药 陈皮 苍术（米泔制） 砂仁（炒） 肉蔻（面包煨，
捶去油） 诃子（煨，去核。各八分） 官桂 甘草（炙。各五分。）
上锉一剂，生姜一片、乌梅一个、灯芯一团，水煎温服。照前理中汤加减同前。
风泻者，泻而便带清血，脉浮弦是也。
胃风汤 治风冷乘虚客于肠胃，水谷不化，泄泻注下，腹肠虚满，肠鸣疼痛及肠胃湿毒，下如豆汁，或
下瘀血并治有效。
当归 川芎 白芍（炒） 人参 白术（去芦） 茯苓（去皮） 肉桂（各等分）
上锉一剂，入粟米一撮，水煎温服。
食积泻者，腹疼甚而泻，泻后痛减，脉弦是也。香砂平胃散，根据本方去枳壳，加白术、茯苓。
痰泻者，或多或少，或泻或不泻，脉沉滑是也。
二陈汤 治痰泻症。
陈皮 半夏（姜汁炒） 茯苓（去皮） 白术（去芦） 苍术（米泔制） 砂
仁山药（炒） 车前 木通 浓朴（姜汁炒） 甘草（各等分）
上锉一剂，生姜三片、乌梅一个、灯草一团，水煎温服。泻不止加肉蔻、诃子，去浓朴，照香砂六君子汤
加减相同；滑泻不止，灸百会一穴、天枢二穴、中脘一穴、气海一穴。
虚泻者，饮食入胃即泻，水谷不化，脉微弱是也。
参苓白术散 治气虚泄泻。
人参 白术（去芦） 茯苓（去皮） 山药（炒） 砂仁（研） 藿香 陈皮 干姜（炒） 莲肉（去心皮）
诃子（煨） 肉蔻（煨去油） 甘草（炙。各等分）
上锉一剂，生姜一片、灯芯一团，水煎服。呕哕恶心加半夏、乌梅；若元气虚脱昏倦加黄 、升麻少许，去
砂仁、藿香；饱闷加浓朴，去肉蔻、诃子；小水短涩加木通、车前，去干姜；泻甚不止加炒苍术、乌梅、熟附子
少许。
脾泻者，食后到饱，泻后即宽，脉细是也。
香附六君子汤 治脾泻症。
香附（炒） 砂仁 浓朴（姜汁炒） 陈皮 人参 白术（去芦） 芍药（炒） 苍术（炒） 山药（炒）
甘草（炙。各等分）
上锉一剂，姜一片、乌梅一个，水煎温服。腹痛加木香、茴香，去人参、山药；渴加干葛、乌梅；小水赤短
加木通、车前；呕哕恶心加藿香、乌梅、半夏；夏月加炒黄连、白扁豆；冬月加煨干姜，去芍药。
滑泻者，日夜无度，肠胃虚寒不禁，脉沉细是也。（即滑泻也。）
八柱汤 治肠胃虚寒滑泻不禁。
人参（去芦） 白术（去芦） 肉蔻（煨） 干姜（炒） 诃子（煨） 附子（面裹煨，去皮脐） 粟壳（蜜炒）
甘草（炙。各等分）
上锉一剂，生姜一片、乌梅一个、灯草一团，水煎温服。照前理中汤加减相同。
温脾散 治久泻米谷不化，水谷入口实时直下，下元虚冷滑脱。
黄 （蜜炒） 人参（去芦） 白术（土炒） 白茯苓（去皮） 山药（炒） 干姜（炒） 诃子（煨去核）
肉蔻（煨去油） 粟壳（蜜炒） 草果（去皮） 丁香 肉桂 大附子（制） 黄连（姜汁炒） 砂仁 陈皮
浓朴（姜汁炒） 甘草（炙。各等分）
上锉一剂，姜枣煎，空心服。
八仙糕 治脾胃虚损，泄泻不止，理脾胃、消饮食，最益老人小儿。
枳实（去穣，麸炒，四两） 白术（陈壁土炒，四两） 白茯苓（去皮，二两） 陈皮（炒，二两） 干山药
（四两） 莲肉（去心皮，二两） 山楂肉（去核，二两） 楝参（一两，气盛者砂仁一两代之）
上为末，用白粳米五升、糯米一升半打粉，用蜜三斤入药末和匀。如做糕法，先就笼中划小块蒸熟，取出火烘干，
瓦罐收贮封固。取三五片食之，以白汤漱口。
一、因内伤劳倦，饮食化迟作泻及脾胃素蕴湿热，但遇饮食劳倦即发，而肢体酸软沉困泄泻者，用补中益气汤
去当归，加芍药、茯苓、苍术、猪苓、泽泻、姜枣煎服。（方见补益。）
凡泄泻病误服参、 等甘温之药，能生湿热，故反助病邪；久则湿热甚而为疸矣。唯用苦寒泻湿热、苦温泻湿
寒则愈。泻止后，脾胃虚弱，方可用参、 等药以补之。（湿热宜用茵陈五苓散，方见中暑。）
一、肾虚久泻不止，用六味丸加五味子、破故纸、肉豆蔻，吴茱萸。若久泻，脾胃虚寒不禁者，用六君子汤加
炮干姜、肉桂（方见补益；）若命门火衰而脾土虚寒者，用八味丸（方见补益；）若脾肾气血俱虚者，用十全大补
汤送四神丸；若大便滑利、小便闭涩，或肢体渐肿、喘嗽唾痰，为脾肾气血俱虚，
用十全大补汤送四神丸；若大便滑利、小便闭涩，或肢体渐肿，喘嗽唾痰为脾胃亏损，用金匮加减肾气丸。
（方见补益。）
大抵久泻多因泛用消食利水之剂，损其真阴，元气不能自持，遂成久泄。若非补中益气汤、四神丸滋其本
源，后必胸痞腹胀、小便淋沥，多致不起。
四神丸 治脾胃虚弱，大便不实，饮食不思，或泻痢腹痛等症，兼治肾泄，清晨溏泄一二次，经年弗
止者。
破故纸（四两，酒浸炒） 吴茱萸（一两，泡过炒） 肉豆蔻（二两，面裹煨） 五味子（二两）
上为细末，用生姜八两切片，同枣一百枚煮烂，去姜取枣肉为丸，如梧桐子大。每服一钱半，淡盐汤送下。
一方去吴茱萸、五味子，加木香、茴香炒，各一两。
治泄泻三五年不愈者，唯灸百会穴五七壮即愈。
补遗方
治水泻痢疾神效。
石莲肉（为末，二钱） 细茶（五钱） 生姜（三钱）
上茶、姜二味，煎汤调莲绞肉服。
又方 治泻痢。
莲肉（二两，为末）
五更空心，无根水调服。忌半日勿饮食，仍忌荤腥生冷一切。
除湿健脾汤 久泻色苍而齿疏倦怠，食减下坠。
白术（去芦，炒，一钱半） 苍术（米泔浸，炒、一钱） 白茯苓（去皮，一钱） 白芍（醋炒，一钱）
当归（八分） 浓朴（去皮，姜炒，六分） 陈皮（八分） 猪苓 泽泻（各七分） 柴胡 升麻（各五分）
防风（去芦，六分） 甘草（炙，四分） 久泻加南星（面包煨，七分）
上锉一剂，生姜三片、枣一枚，水煎，早晚热服。
参术健脾丸 滋养元气、补理脾胃、益肾水、温下元、进饮食、调中下气，脐腹冷痛、泄泻年久不止，
此药补温脾肾、除寒湿、大补诸虚。
苍术（八两，二两盐水浸，二两米泔浸，二两醋浸，二两葱白炒） 人参 白术（去芦） 白茯苓（去皮）
干山药（炒） 破故纸（酒炒） 枸杞子（去梗） 菟丝子（酒制，焙） 莲肉（去心。各二两） 川楝子
（取肉） 五味子 川牛膝（去芦。各一两半） 川椒（去目，炒） 小茴香（盐炒） 陈皮 木香（不见火）
远志（甘草水泡，去心。各五钱）
上为细末，酒糊为丸，如梧桐子大。每服八十丸，空心，盐汤送下，以干物压之。
脉象：泄泻的脉象多呈沉脉。沉而迟为寒邪侵袭，沉而数为火热之邪，沉而虚滑为正气虚脱，缓弱多为暑湿所致，这类病症多见于夏季。
泄泻的症状，主要是由于脾胃虚弱，或因饥饿、受寒、饮食过量引起，或被风、寒、暑、湿等外邪所伤，都会导致泄泻。治疗必须以分利小便、健脾燥湿为主。
如果腹泻严重且不止，应当以固涩止泻为要务。如果腹泻不止，出现手足冰冷、脉象虚微欲绝、烦躁呃逆、气短、两眼直视、神志昏迷不识人的症状，都是死症。如果泄泻初起，不可立即使用补益收敛的药物，恐怕积滞之气未尽，反而会导致腹痛腹胀、恶心烦躁呃逆而死。必须等到每天腹泻四五次之后，方可使用固涩止泻的方法。这是治疗的大法。
胃苓汤：治疗脾胃不和，腹痛泄泻，水谷不化，阴阳不分。
药材：苍术（米泔水制）、厚朴（姜汁炒）、陈皮、猪苓、泽泻、白术（去芦头）、茯苓（去皮）、白芍（煨），各一钱；肉桂、甘草（炙），各二分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜、大枣煎煮，空腹温服。若为水泻，加滑石；若为暴发性痢疾，赤白相杂，腹痛里急后重，去掉肉桂，加木香、槟榔、黄连，水煎服；久泻加升麻；胜湿加防风、升麻；食积加神曲、麦芽、山楂；气虚加人参、白术。
寒泻：腹部隐隐作痛，腹泻无休止，大便色青，脉象沉迟，这就是寒泻。
理中汤：治疗寒泻证。
药材：人参、白术（去芦头）、干姜（炒），各一钱；官桂、甘草（炙），各五分；陈皮、藿香、茯苓（去皮）、高良姜，各七分；乌梅一个。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜三片、大枣二枚、灯心草一团，水煎温服。若寒气极盛，手足冰冷，脉象沉细，加附子，去掉高良姜、官桂；腹痛加厚朴、砂仁、木香，去掉人参；呕吐呃逆恶心加丁香、半夏，去掉高良姜、官桂；腹泻不止加苍术、山药；腹泻过多不止加肉豆蔻、诃子、附子，去掉高良姜、官桂；虚汗多加黄芪，去掉藿香、官桂；腹胀闷加厚朴、砂仁，去掉人参、高良姜、官桂。
火泻：腹中疼痛一阵，腹泻一阵，泻下如水，肛门重坠感如停滞不通，泻下物带红色，小便短赤，烦渴，脉数，这就是火泻。
四苓散：治疗火泻、热泻。
药材：茯苓、白术、猪苓、泽泻、苍术（炒）、山药、芍药、山栀（炒）、陈皮，各一钱；甘草五分；乌梅一个。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加灯心草一团，水煎温服。腹胀闷加厚朴、砂仁，去掉山药；腹痛加厚朴、砂仁、木香、小茴香，去掉白术；呕吐呃逆恶心加藿香、乌梅、莲肉、砂仁、人参；小便短赤加木通、车前子，去掉泽泻；口燥烦渴加黄连、麦芽、莲肉、乌梅、葛根，去掉泽泻、苍术；腹泻多致元气虚脱昏倦加人参、黄芪，去掉泽泻、苍术；夏季暑泻加香薷、扁豆；腹泻多且烦躁加炒黄连、人参、辰砂、乌梅，去掉苍术、泽泻；腹泻不止加肉豆蔻、乌梅、人参，去掉泽泻、山栀；发热脉数加柴胡、炒黄芩、乌梅。
暑泻：夏季突然腹泻如水，面色污垢，脉象虚，烦渴，自汗，这就是暑泻。香薷饮（方见中暑篇）。根据本方加人参、白术、茯苓、白芍、陈皮、甘草，炒米一撮、乌梅一个、灯心草一团煎服。
湿泻：腹泻水多而腹部不痛，腹中雷鸣作响，脉象细，这就是湿泻。
五苓散：治疗湿泻证。
药材：茯苓（去皮）、白术（去芦头）、猪苓、泽泻、山药、陈皮、苍术（米泔水制）、砂仁（炒）、肉豆蔻（面包煨，捶去油）、诃子（煨，去核），各八分；官桂、甘草（炙），各五分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜一片、乌梅一个、灯心草一团，水煎温服。加减方法参照前面的理中汤。
风泻：腹泻伴有大便带清血，脉象浮弦，这就是风泻。
胃风汤：治疗风寒乘虚侵入肠胃，水谷不化，泄泻注下，腹部肠腔空虚胀满，肠鸣疼痛以及肠胃湿毒，下利如豆汁，或下瘀血，均有效。
药材：当归、川芎、白芍（炒）、人参、白术（去芦头）、茯苓（去皮）、肉桂，各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加入粟米一撮，水煎温服。
食积泻：腹痛剧烈而后腹泻，泻后疼痛减轻，脉象弦，这就是食积泻。香砂平胃散，根据本方去掉枳壳，加白术、茯苓。
痰泻：腹泻或多或少，有时泻有时不泻，脉象沉滑，这就是痰泻。
二陈汤：治疗痰泻证。
药材：陈皮、半夏（姜汁炒）、茯苓（去皮）、白术（去芦头）、苍术（米泔水制）、砂仁、山药（炒）、车前子、木通、厚朴（姜汁炒）、甘草，各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜三片、乌梅一个、灯心草一团，水煎温服。腹泻不止加肉豆蔻、诃子，去掉厚朴，加减方法参照香砂六君子汤；滑泻不止，灸百会穴一穴、天枢穴二穴、中脘穴一穴、气海穴一穴。
虚泻：饮食入胃即泻，水谷不化，脉象微弱，这就是虚泻。
参苓白术散：治疗气虚泄泻。
药材：人参、白术（去芦头）、茯苓（去皮）、山药（炒）、砂仁（研）、藿香、陈皮、干姜（炒）、莲肉（去心皮）、诃子（煨）、肉豆蔻（煨去油）、甘草（炙），各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜一片、灯心草一团，水煎服。呕吐呃逆恶心加半夏、乌梅；若元气虚脱昏倦加黄芪、少许升麻，去掉砂仁、藿香；腹胀闷加厚朴，去掉肉豆蔻、诃子；小便短涩加木通、车前子，去掉干姜；腹泻甚不止加炒苍术、乌梅、少许熟附子。
脾泻：进食后感到饱胀，泻后即觉宽松，脉象细，这就是脾泻。
香附六君子汤：治疗脾泻证。
药材：香附（炒）、砂仁、厚朴（姜汁炒）、陈皮、人参、白术（去芦头）、芍药（炒）、苍术（炒）、山药（炒）、甘草（炙），各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加姜一片、乌梅一个，水煎温服。腹痛加木香、小茴香，去掉人参、山药；口渴加葛根、乌梅；小便赤短加木通、车前子；呕吐呃逆恶心加藿香、乌梅、半夏；夏季加炒黄连、白扁豆；冬季加煨干姜，去掉芍药。
滑泻：日夜无度，肠胃虚寒不能固摄，脉象沉细，这就是滑泻。
八柱汤：治疗肠胃虚寒滑泻不禁。
药材：人参（去芦头）、白术（去芦头）、肉豆蔻（煨）、干姜（炒）、诃子（煨）、附子（面裹煨，去皮脐）、罂粟壳（蜜炒）、甘草（炙），各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜一片、乌梅一个、灯心草一团，水煎温服。加减方法参照前面的理中汤。
温脾散：治疗久泻米谷不化，水谷入口随即直下，下元虚冷滑脱。
药材：黄芪（蜜炒）、人参（去芦头）、白术（土炒）、白茯苓（去皮）、山药（炒）、干姜（炒）、诃子（煨去核）、肉豆蔻（煨去油）、罂粟壳（蜜炒）、草果（去皮）、丁香、肉桂、大附子（制）、黄连（姜汁炒）、砂仁、陈皮、厚朴（姜汁炒）、甘草（炙），各等分。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加姜枣煎煮，空腹服用。
八仙糕：治疗脾胃虚损，泄泻不止，调理脾胃，消食导滞，最有益于老人和小孩。
药材：枳实（去瓤，麸炒，四两）、白术（陈壁土炒，四两）、白茯苓（去皮，二两）、陈皮（炒，二两）、干山药（四两）、莲肉（去心皮，二两）、山楂肉（去核，二两）、楝参（一两，气盛者用砂仁一两代替）。
用法：以上研为细末，用白粳米五升、糯米一升半打粉，用蜂蜜三斤与药末和匀。按做糕的方法，先在蒸笼中划成小块蒸熟，取出烘干，用瓦罐收贮封固。每次取三五片食用，用白开水漱口。
一、因内伤劳倦，饮食消化迟缓导致泄泻，以及脾胃素来蕴藏湿热，但只要遇到饮食不当或劳倦就发作，且肢体酸软沉重困倦泄泻的，用补中益气汤去掉当归，加芍药、茯苓、苍术、猪苓、泽泻，加姜枣煎服。（方见补益篇。）
凡泄泻病误服人参、黄芪等甘温药物，能生湿热，反而助长病邪；久而久之湿热加重就会变成黄疸。只有用苦寒药泻湿热、苦温药泻湿寒才能痊愈。泄泻停止后，脾胃虚弱，才可用参、芪等药来补益。（湿热宜用茵陈五苓散，方见中暑篇。）
一、肾虚久泻不止，用六味丸加五味子、破故纸、肉豆蔻、吴茱萸。若久泻，脾胃虚寒不能固摄的，用六君子汤加炮干姜、肉桂（方见补益篇）；若命门火衰而脾土虚寒的，用八味丸（方见补益篇）；若脾肾气血俱虚的，用十全大补汤送服四神丸；若大便滑利、小便闭涩，或肢体渐肿、喘咳唾痰，为脾肾气血俱虚，用十全大补汤送服四神丸；若大便滑利、小便闭涩，或肢体渐肿，喘咳唾痰为脾胃亏损，用金匮加减肾气丸。（方见补益篇。）
大抵久泻多因泛用消食利水的药物，损伤真阴，元气不能自持，遂成久泄。如果不是用补中益气汤、四神丸滋养其本源，后来必然胸痞腹胀、小便淋沥，大多导致不治。
四神丸：治疗脾胃虚弱，大便不实，饮食不思，或泻痢腹痛等症，兼治肾泄，清晨溏泄一二次，经年不止者。
药材：破故纸（四两，酒浸炒）、吴茱萸（一两，泡过炒）、肉豆蔻（二两，面裹煨）、五味子（二两）。
用法：以上研为细末，用生姜八两切片，同枣一百枚煮烂，去掉姜取枣肉为丸，如梧桐子大。每服一钱半，淡盐汤送下。
另一方：去掉吴茱萸、五味子，加木香、小茴香炒，各一两。
治疗泄泻三五年不愈的，只灸百会穴五七壮即可痊愈。
补遗方
治疗水泻痢疾神效。
药材：石莲肉（为末，二钱）、细茶（五钱）、生姜（三钱）。
用法：以上茶、姜二味，煎汤调莲肉末服。
又方 治疗泻痢。
药材：莲肉（二两，为末）。
用法：五更时分空腹，用无根水调服。忌半日勿饮食，仍忌荤腥生冷一切食物。
除湿健脾汤：治疗久泻面色苍白而牙齿稀疏倦怠，食欲减退，肛门下坠。
药材：白术（去芦，炒，一钱半）、苍术（米泔浸，炒，一钱）、白茯苓（去皮，一钱）、白芍（醋炒，一钱）、当归（八分）、厚朴（去皮，姜炒，六分）、陈皮（八分）、猪苓、泽泻（各七分）、柴胡、升麻（各五分）、防风（去芦，六分）、甘草（炙，四分）；久泻加南星（面包煨，七分）。
用法：以上锉为一剂，加生姜三片、枣一枚，水煎，早晚热服。
参术健脾丸：滋养元气、补理脾胃、益肾水、温下元、进饮食、调中下气，治疗脐腹冷痛、泄泻年久不止，此药补温脾肾、除寒湿、大补诸虚。
药材：苍术（八两，二两盐水浸，二两米泔浸，二两醋浸，二两葱白炒）、人参、白术（去芦）、白茯苓（去皮）、干山药（炒）、破故纸（酒炒）、枸杞子（去梗）、菟丝子（酒制，焙）、莲肉（去心，各二两）、川楝子（取肉）、五味子、川牛膝（去芦，各一两半）、川椒（去目，炒）、小茴香（盐炒）、陈皮、木香（不见火）、远志（甘草水泡，去心，各五钱）。
用法：以上研为细末，酒糊为丸，如梧桐子大。每服八十丸，空腹，盐汤送下，以干物压之。
Pulse: The pulse in diarrhea is naturally deep. A deep and slow pulse indicates cold invasion; a deep and rapid pulse indicates heat/fire; a deep, deficient, and slippery pulse indicates deficiency with slipping down; a slow and weak pulse indicates summerheat-dampness, which often occurs in summer months.
The symptoms of diarrhea are caused solely by spleen-stomach weakness, overeating while hungry or cold, or injury from wind, cold, summerheat, and dampness, all of which lead to diarrhea. Treatment must focus on separating clear from turbid via urination (diuresis) and strengthening the spleen to dry dampness.
If diarrhea is excessive and unceasing, it is essential to use astringents to stop it. If diarrhea continues unceasingly, accompanied by cold hands and feet, a deficient and faint pulse, irritability and hiccups, shortness of breath, fixed gaze, and unconsciousness where the person does not recognize others, these are all fatal signs. If diarrhea has just begun, one must not immediately use tonifying and astringent herbs, lest the accumulated qi not be fully expelled, leading to abdominal pain, fullness, nausea, irritability, hiccups, and death. One must wait until the patient has had four or five bowel movements before using astringents. This is the general principle.
When clear and turbid fluids are not separated in diarrhea, dampness predominates, resulting in five types of diarrhea (Wu Xie).
Weiling Tang (Gastrointestinal Harmony Decoction): Treats disharmony between the spleen and stomach, abdominal pain and diarrhea, undigested food and water, and separation of yin and yang.
Ingredients: Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma processed with rice bran water), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex stir-fried with ginger juice), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Fuling (Poria peeled), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba roasted); each 1 qian. Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); each 2 fen.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with fresh ginger and jujubes. Take warm on an empty stomach. For watery diarrhea, add Huashi (Talcum). For acute dysentery with mixed red and white discharge, abdominal pain, tenesmus, remove Rougui, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), decoct in water and take. For chronic diarrhea, add Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma). To overcome dampness, add Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shengma. For food stagnation, add Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus). For qi deficiency, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu.
Cold Diarrhea: Dull abdominal pain, ceaseless diarrhea, greenish stool, and a deep-slow pulse characterize this condition.
Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction): Treats cold diarrhea syndrome.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma stir-fried); each 1 qian. Guanzi (Cinnamomi Cortex), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); each 5 fen. Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Fuling (Poria peeled), Liangjiang (Galangal Rhizome); each 7 fen. Wumei (Mume Fructus); one piece.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with three slices of fresh ginger, two jujubes, and a bundle of Jiedicao (Scutellaria Barbata Herba) in water. Take warm. If cold is extreme with cold hands and feet and a deep-thin pulse, add Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), remove Liangjiang and Guanzi. For abdominal pain, add Houpo, Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Muxiang, remove Renshen. For vomiting, hiccups, and nausea, add Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), remove Liangjiang and Guanzi. For unceasing diarrhea, add Cangzhu, Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma). For excessive unceasing diarrhea, add Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus), Fuzi, remove Liangjiang and Guanzi. For spontaneous sweating due to deficiency, add Huangqi (Astragali Radix), remove Huoxiang and Guanzi. For fullness and oppression, add Houpo, Sharen, remove Renshen, Liangjiang, and Guanzi.
Fire Diarrhea: Paroxysmal abdominal pain followed by diarrhea, profuse watery discharge, sensation of heaviness and incomplete evacuation after defecation, reddish stool, scanty dark urine, thirst, irritability, and a rapid pulse characterize this condition.
Siling San (Four-Ingredient Powder for Separating Turbidity): Treats fire diarrhea and heat diarrhea.
Ingredients: Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma stir-fried), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus stir-fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium); each 1 qian. Gancao (Licorice Root); 5 fen. Wumei (Mume Fructus); one piece.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with a bundle of Jiedicao in water. Take warm. For fullness, add Houpo, Sharen, remove Shanyao. For abdominal pain, add Houpo, Sharen, Muxiang, Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus), remove Baizhu. For vomiting, hiccups, and nausea, add Huoxiang, Wumei, Lianrou (Nelumbinis Plumula), Sharen, Renshen. For scanty dark urine, add Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Cheqian (Plantaginis Seed), remove Zexie. For dry mouth and thirst, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Maiya, Lianrou, Wumei, Genge (Puerariae Radix), remove Zexie and Cangzhu. For excessive diarrhea causing qi deficiency, collapse, dizziness, and fatigue, add Renshen, Huangqi, remove Zexie and Cangzhu. For summerheat diarrhea in summer, add Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba), Bian Dou (Dolichos Lablab Seed). For excessive diarrhea with irritability, add Chao Huanglian (Stir-fried Coptidis Rhizoma), Renshen, Chensha (Cinnabar), Wumei, remove Cangzhu and Zexie. For unceasing excessive diarrhea, add Roudoukou, Wumei, Renshen, remove Zexie and Zhizi. For fever and rapid pulse, add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chao Huangqin (Stir-fried Scutellariae Radix), Wumei.
Summerheat Diarrhea: Sudden watery diarrhea in summer, dirty complexion, deficient pulse, thirst, and spontaneous sweating characterize this condition. Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Decoction) (see Heatstroke chapter). Add Renshen, Baizhu, Fuling, Shaoyao, Chenpi, Gancao to this formula, along with a pinch of stir-fried rice, one Wumei, and a bundle of Dengxincao (Juncus Medulla). Decoct and take.
Damp Diarrhea: Profuse watery diarrhea without abdominal pain, borborygmus (rumbling in the abdomen), and a thin pulse characterize this condition.
Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder for Promoting Urination): Treats damp diarrhea syndrome.
Ingredients: Fuling (Poria peeled), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma processed with rice bran water), Sharen (Amomi Fructus stir-fried), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen wrapped in flour and roasted, pounded to remove oil), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus roasted, pitted); each 8 fen. Guanzi (Cinnamomi Cortex), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); each 5 fen.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with one slice of fresh ginger, one Wumei, and a bundle of Dengxincao in water. Take warm. Modifications follow those of Lizhong Tang mentioned above.
Wind Diarrhea: Diarrhea accompanied by clear blood in the stool, and a floating-wiry pulse characterize this condition.
weifeng Tang (Stomach Wind Decoction): Treats wind-cold invading the intestines and stomach due to deficiency, causing undigested food and water, projectile diarrhea, empty fullness of the abdominal intestines, borborygmus, pain, and intestinal-stomach damp-toxins with discharge resembling bean curd dregs or bruised blood. It is effective for all these conditions.
Ingredients: Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba stir-fried), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Fuling (Poria peeled), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex); equal parts.
Prevention: Coarsely crush one dose. Add a pinch of Sumi (Setaria Italica Grain). Decoct in water and take warm.
Food Stagnation Diarrhea: Severe abdominal pain followed by diarrhea, with pain relief after defecation, and a wiry pulse characterize this condition. Xiangsha Pingwei San (Costus and Amomi Powder for Calming the Stomach). Based on this formula, remove Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), add Baizhu and Fuling.
Phlegm Diarrhea: Variable amount of diarrhea, sometimes present and sometimes absent, and a deep-slippery pulse characterize this condition.
Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction): Treats phlegm diarrhea syndrome.
Ingredients: Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma stir-fried with ginger juice), Fuling (Poria peeled), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma processed with rice bran water), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma stir-fried), Cheqian (Plantaginis Seed), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex stir-fried with ginger juice), Gancao (Licorice Root); equal parts.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with three slices of fresh ginger, one Wumei, and a bundle of Jiedicao in water. Take warm. For unceasing diarrhea, add Roudoukou, Hezi, remove Houpo. Modifications follow Xiangsha Liujunzi Tang. For slippery unceasing diarrhea, moxa Baihui (GV20) acupoint once, Tianshu (ST25) twice, Zhongwan (CV12) once, Qihai (CV6) once.
Deficiency Diarrhea: Food and drink enter the stomach and are immediately excreted, undigested, with a weak pulse characterize this condition.
Shenling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Powder): Treats qi-deficiency diarrhea.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Fuling (Poria peeled), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma stir-fried), Sharen (Amomi Fructus ground), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma stir-fried), Lianrou (Nelumbinis Plumula de-heartened and peeled), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus roasted), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen roasted to remove oil), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); equal parts.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with one slice of fresh ginger and a bundle of Dengxincao in water. Take. For vomiting, hiccups, and nausea, add Banxia, Wumei. For qi deficiency collapse with dizziness and fatigue, add Huangqi (Astragali Radix) and a small amount of Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), remove Sharen and Huoxiang. For fullness, add Houpo, remove Roudoukou and Hezi. For scanty and difficult urination, add Mutong, Cheqian, remove Ganjiang. For severe unceasing diarrhea, add stir-fried Cangzhu, Wumei, and a small amount of Shu Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix).
Spleen Diarrhea: Feeling full after eating, relief after defecation, and a thin pulse characterize this condition.
Xiangfu Liujunzi Tang (Cyperi and Six-Ginseng Decoction): Treats spleen diarrhea syndrome.
Ingredients: Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma stir-fried), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex stir-fried with ginger juice), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix stir-fried), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma stir-fried), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); equal parts.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with one slice of ginger and one Wumei in water. Take warm. For abdominal pain, add Muxiang, Huixiang, remove Renshen and Shanyao. For thirst, add Genge, Wumei. For dark scanty urine, add Mutong, Cheqian. For vomiting, hiccups, and nausea, add Huoxiang, Wumei, Banxia. In summer, add Chao Huanglian (Stir-fried Coptidis Rhizoma), Bai Bian Dou (Lablab Seed). In winter, add Wei Ganjiang (Roasted Zingiberis Rhizoma), remove Shaoyao.
Slippery Diarrhea: Day and night without restraint, deficiency-cold of the intestines and stomach failing to secure, and a deep-thin pulse characterize this condition.
Bazhu Tang (Eight Pillars Decoction): Treats deficiency-cold of the intestines and stomach causing uncontrollable slippery diarrhea.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen roasted), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma stir-fried), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus roasted), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata wrapped in flour and roasted, skin and umbilicus removed), Yuke (Papaveris Pericarpium stir-fried with honey), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); equal parts.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with one slice of fresh ginger, one Wumei, and a bundle of Jiedicao in water. Take warm. Modifications follow Lizhong Tang mentioned above.
Wenpi San (Warm the Spleen Powder): Treats chronic diarrhea with undigested grain, immediate passage of ingested food and water, and deficiency-cold of the lower origin with slipping down.
Ingredients: Huangqi (Astragali Radix stir-fried with honey), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma stir-fried with earth soil), Bailing (Poria peeled), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma stir-fried), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma stir-fried), Hezi (Chebulae Fructus roasted, pitted), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen roasted to remove oil), Yuke (Papaveris Pericarpium stir-fried with honey), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus peeled), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Da Fuzi (Large Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma stir-fried with ginger juice), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex stir-fried with ginger juice), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey); equal parts.
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with ginger and jujubes. Take on an empty stomach.
Baxian Gao (Eight Immortals Cake): Treats spleen-stomach deficiency damage, unceasing diarrhea, regulates the spleen and stomach, promotes digestion, and is most beneficial for the elderly and children.
Ingredients: Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus de-pulped, stir-fried with bran, 4 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma stir-fried with old wall soil, 4 liang), Bailing (Poria peeled, 2 liang), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium stir-fried, 2 liang), Gan Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma dried, 4 liang), Lianrou (Nelumbinis Plumula de-heartened and peeled, 2 liang), Shanzha Rou (Crataegi Fructus flesh de-seeded, 2 liang), Lian Shen (Meliosmae Rhizoma, 1 liang; if qi is abundant, substitute with 1 liang Sharen).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Use 5 sheng of white japonica rice and 1.5 sheng of glutinous rice, grind into powder. Mix with 3 jin of honey and the herbal powder evenly. Prepare as cake: steam small pieces in a steamer until cooked, remove and dry in the sun. Store in a ceramic jar sealed tightly. Take 3-5 slices per serving. Rinse mouth with plain boiled water.
One: Due to internal injury from overwork, delayed digestion of food leading to diarrhea, and spleen-stomach harboring damp-heat, which flares up upon any dietary irregularity or overwork, accompanied by soreness, weakness, heaviness, and diarrhea in the limbs, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). Remove Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), add Shaoyao, Fuling, Cangzhu, Zhuling, Zexie. Decoct with ginger and jujubes and take. (See Tonification Chapter.)
Generally, misusing sweet-warm herbs like Renshen and Huangqi in diarrhea can generate damp-heat, thereby aiding the pathogenic factor. Over time, severe damp-heat may lead to jaundice. Only bitter-cold herbs that drain damp-heat and bitter-warm herbs that drain damp-cold will cure it. After diarrhea stops and the spleen-stomach is weak, then Renshen and Huangqi can be used to tonify. (For damp-heat, use Yinchen Wuling San (Artemisiae Scopariae Five-Ingredient Powder); see Heatstroke Chapter.)
One: For chronic diarrhea due to kidney deficiency that does not stop, use Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill) added with Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Poguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen), and Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). If chronic diarrhea involves spleen-stomach deficiency-cold failing to secure, use Liujunzi Tang (Six-Ginseng Decoction) added with Pao Ganjiang (Prepared Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Rougui. (See Tonification Chapter.) If Mingmen Fire decline causes spleen-earth deficiency-cold, use Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill). (See Tonification Chapter.) If spleen-kidney qi and blood are both deficient, use Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction) delivered with Sishen Wan (Four Spirit Pill). If loose stools, blocked urination, gradual limb swelling, wheezing, coughing, and spitting phlegm occur due to spleen-kidney qi and blood deficiency, use Shiquan Dabu Tang delivered with Sishen Wan. If loose stools, blocked urination, gradual limb swelling, wheezing, coughing, and spitting phlegm occur due to spleen-stomach damage, use Jin Gui Ji Jian Shenqi Wan (Golden Chamber Modified Kidney Qi Pill). (See Tonification Chapter.)
Generally, chronic diarrhea often results from the indiscriminate use of digestive-promoting and diuretic agents, damaging true yin, so that yuan qi cannot sustain itself, leading to chronic leakage. Unless Benzhong Yiqi Tang and Sishen Wan are used to nourish the root source, chest stuffiness, abdominal distension, and dribbling urination will inevitably follow, often leading to untreatable conditions.
Sishen Wan (Four Spirit Pill): Treats spleen-stomach deficiency, loose stools, lack of appetite, or diarrhea/dysentery with abdominal pain. Also treats kidney diarrhea, morning twilight diarrhea occurring once or twice daily, persisting for years.
Ingredients: Poguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus, 4 liang, soaked in wine and stir-fried), Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 1 liang, soaked and stir-fried), Roudoukou (Myristicae Semen, 2 liang, wrapped in flour and roasted), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, 2 liang).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Slice 8 liang of fresh ginger, boil together with 100 jujubes until soft. Remove ginger, take jujube flesh to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take 1.5 qian per dose, delivered with light salt water.
Another prescription: Remove Wuzhuyu and Wuweizi, add Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Huixiang (Foeniculi Fructus) stir-fried, each 1 liang.
To treat diarrhea lasting three to five years without cure, only moxa Baihui (GV20) acupoint 5-7 moxa cones will result in recovery.
Supplementary Prescriptions
Treats watery diarrhea and dysentery with miraculous effect.
Ingredients: Shilian Rou (Nelumbinis Plumula ground, 2 qian), Xi Cha (Fine Tea, 5 qian), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger, 3 qian).
Preparation: Decoct tea and ginger in water. Mix with Lotus Plumula powder and take.
Another Prescription: Treats diarrhea and dysentery.
Ingredients: Lian Rou (Nelumbinis Plumula, 2 liang, ground).
Preparation: At fifth watch (early morning) on an empty stomach, mix with "rootless water" (rainwater or dew) and take. Fast for half a day. Avoid all meat, fish, raw, and cold foods.
Chushi Jianpi Tang (Dampness-Removing and Spleen-Strengthening Decoction): Treats chronic diarrhea with pale complexion, sparse teeth, fatigue, reduced appetite, and anal bearing-down sensation.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized, stir-fried, 1.5 qian), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma soaked in rice bran, stir-fried, 1 qian), Bailing (Poria peeled, 1 qian), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba stir-fried with vinegar, 1 qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 8 fen), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex peeled, stir-fried with ginger, 6 fen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 8 fen), Zhuling (Polyporus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma); each 7 fen. Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); each 5 fen. Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix de-rhizomatized, 6 fen), Gancao (Licorice Root stir-fried with honey, 4 fen). For chronic diarrhea, add Nanting (Arisomatis Rhizoma wrapped in flour and roasted, 7 fen).
Preparation: Coarsely crush one dose. Decoct with three slices of fresh ginger and one jujube in water. Take hot morning and evening.
Shenzhu Jianpi Wan (Ginseng and Atractylodes Spleen-Strengthening Pill): Nourishes yuan qi, regulates spleen and stomach, benefits kidney water, warms the lower origin, promotes appetite, regulates middle and lowers qi. Treats cold pain in the navel and abdomen, chronic unceasing diarrhea. This pill warms spleen and kidney, dispels cold-dampness, and greatly tonifies various deficiencies.
Ingredients: Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 8 liang total: 2 liang soaked in salt water, 2 liang in rice bran, 2 liang in vinegar, 2 liang stir-fried with scallion white), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma de-rhizomatized), Bailing (Poria peeled), Gan Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma dried, stir-fried), Poguzhi (Psoraleae Fructus wine-fried), Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus de-stemmed), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen wine-processed and baked), Lianrou (Nelumbinis Plumula de-hearted; each 2 liang), Chuanlianzi (Meliosmae Fructus flesh extracted), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Chuan Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix de-rhizomatized; each 1.5 liang), Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium de-eye, stir-fried), Xiaohuixiang (Foeniculi Fructus salt-fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, avoid burning), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix soaked in licorice water, de-hearted; each 5 qian).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Form pills with wine paste, size of paulownia seeds. Take 80 pills per dose on an empty stomach, delivered with salt water, followed by dry food to settle.