古方叙五种黄病者，即黄汗、黄胆、谷疸、酒疸、女劳疸是也，观《别录》，则不止于
斯。然疸与黄，其实一病，古今立名异耳。黄汗者，以胃为脾表，属阳明，阳明蓄热，喜自
汗，汗出，因入水中，热必郁，故汗黄也。黄胆者，此由暴热，用冷水洗浴，热留胃中所致
，以与诸疸不同，故用黄字目之。又云∶因食生黄瓜，气上熏所致。人或疑其不然，古贤岂
妄诠也，必有之矣。谷疸者，由夫肌发热，大食伤胃气，冲郁所致。酒疸者，以酒能发百脉
热，由大醉当风入水所致。女劳疸者，由大热，交接竟入水，水流湿入于脾，因肾气虚，
胜以所胜克入，致肾气上行，故有额黑身黄之证，世谓脾肾病者，即此证也，其间兼渴与腹
胀者，并难治。发于阴，必呕；发于阳，则振寒，面微热。虽本于胃气郁发，土色上行，然
发于脾，则为肉疸；发于肾，则为黑疸。若论所因，外则风寒暑湿，内则喜怒忧惊，酒食房
劳，三因悉备，世医独丽于《伤寒论》中，不亦滥矣。学人宜识之。
病者身体肿，发热不渴，状如风水，汗出染衣，色正黄，如 汁，名曰黄汗。
治黄汗，身肿汗出，出已辄轻，久久必身 ，胸中痛，腰以下
无汗，腰 弛痛，如有物在皮中；剧者不能食，烦躁，小便不利。
桂枝(去皮) 芍药（各三两） 甘草（二两，炙) 黄 （五两）
上为锉散。每服四钱，水盏半，姜五片，枣三枚，煎七分，去滓温服，仍饮热粥以助药
力，温覆取微汗；未汗又服。
古代医方中叙述的五种黄病，指的是黄汗、黄疸、谷疸、酒疸、女劳疸这五种。查看《名医别录》，则不止于此。然而，“疸”与“黄”，其实是一种疾病，只是古今命名的不同罢了。
黄汗（因湿热郁蒸导致汗出染衣呈黄色的病症），是因为胃是脾的表里关系，归属于阳明经。阳明经蓄积热邪，容易自汗出，出汗后进入水中，热邪必然郁结，所以汗液变黄。
黄疸（以黄色命名的一类病证），这是由于突然受热，用冷水洗浴，热邪留存在胃中所导致的。因为它与其他各种疸病不同，所以用“黄”字来称呼它。又有说法称：这是因为吃了生黄瓜，热气上熏所致。有人怀疑这种说法不对，但古代贤人怎么会胡乱解释呢？必定是有这种情况的。
谷疸（因饮食不当引起的黄疸），是由于肌肤发热，大量进食损伤了胃气，导致气机冲逆郁结所致。
酒疸（因饮酒过度引起的黄疸），是因为酒能激发全身血脉的热邪，由大醉之后当风受寒或入水所致。
女劳疸（因房劳过度引起的黄疸），是由极度炎热时，行房事结束后立即入水，水流湿气侵入脾脏，因为肾气虚弱，被所胜之气克制而入侵，导致肾气上行，所以出现额头发黑、身体发黄的症状。世人所说的脾肾病，就是这种证候。其中兼有口渴和腹胀的，都难以治疗。如果病发于阴分，一定会呕吐；如果病发于阳分，则会恶寒战栗，面部微热。虽然本源于胃气郁结发散，土色上行，但如果发于脾，就称为肉疸；发于肾，就称为黑疸。
若论致病原因，外则有风寒暑湿，内则有喜怒忧惊，以及酒食、房劳等，三因（内因、外因、不内外因）都具备了。世间的医生唯独将其附会于《伤寒论》中，不也是太滥了吗？学习的人应当认清这一点。
患者身体浮肿，发热但不口渴，症状像风水病（以头面浮肿、恶风为特征的病证），汗出染衣，颜色正黄，像柏树汁一样，名叫黄汗。
治疗黄汗，身体肿胀、汗出，汗出后暂时感觉轻松，但时间久了必然身体沉重僵硬，胸中疼痛，腰部以下无汗，腰部弛缓作痛，好像有东西在皮肤中；严重的不能进食，烦躁，小便不利。
桂枝（去掉树皮） 芍药（各三两） 甘草（二两，蜜炙） 黄芪（五两）
以上药物切碎成散剂。每次服用四钱，用水一盏半，生姜五片，大枣三枚，煎至七分，去渣温服，服药后喝热粥以帮助药力，覆盖衣被取微微汗出；如果没有出汗，再服用。
In ancient prescriptions, the five types of yellow diseases described are Huanghan (Yellow Sweat), Huangdan (Jaundice), Gu dan (Grain Jaundice), Jiu dan (Wine Jaundice), and Nü lao dan (Sexual Exhaustion Jaundice). According to *Bielu* (Record of Distinct Medicinals), there are more than these. However, "Dan" and "Huang" essentially refer to the same disease; they differ only in their names across different eras.
Huanghan (Yellow Sweat) occurs because the Stomach is the exterior counterpart of the Spleen and belongs to the Yangming channel. When Yangming accumulates heat, spontaneous sweating is prone to occur. If one enters water while sweating, the heat becomes constrained, causing the sweat to turn yellow.
Huangdan (Jaundice) is caused by sudden exposure to heat followed by bathing with cold water, which traps the heat in the Stomach. Because it differs from other types of Dan, it is designated with the character "Huang" (Yellow). Another theory states that it results from consuming raw cucumber, whose qi steams upward. Some may doubt this, but how could ancient sages make baseless assertions? There must be truth to it.
Gu dan (Grain Jaundice) arises when the skin feels hot and excessive eating damages Stomach Qi, leading to rebellious and constrained Qi mechanism.
Jiu dan (Wine Jaundice) is caused by wine stimulating heat in all vessels; it results from being drunk, exposed to wind, or entering water.
Nü lao dan (Sexual Exhaustion Jaundice) stems from extreme heat during sexual intercourse followed immediately by entering water. Water-dampness enters the Spleen. Due to Kidney Qi deficiency, the conquering element invades, causing Kidney Qi to ascend. This leads to symptoms of a black forehead and yellow body. The condition commonly referred to as Spleen-Kidney disease in later times refers to this syndrome. Cases accompanied by thirst and abdominal distension are difficult to treat. If the disease manifests in Yin, vomiting will definitely occur; if it manifests in Yang, there will be chills and shivering with slight facial heat. Although rooted in the constraint and emission of Stomach Qi with Earth color ascending, if it originates in the Spleen, it is called Rou dan (Flesh Jaundice); if it originates in the Kidney, it is called Hei dan (Black Jaundice).
Regarding etiology, external factors include Wind, Cold, Summerheat, and Dampness; internal factors include Joy, Anger, Worry, and Fright; along with dietary excesses and sexual exhaustion, the Three Causes (External, Internal, and Non-internal/Non-external) are all present. Modern physicians restrictively categorize these solely within the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), which is indeed overly broad. Students should recognize this.
The patient presents with bodily swelling, fever without thirst, resembling Fengshui (Wind-Water edema). The sweat stains clothing with a bright yellow color, resembling cypress juice; this is named Huanghan (Yellow Sweat).
To treat Huanghan characterized by bodily swelling and sweating, where relief follows sweating but eventually leads to heaviness and stiffness of the body, chest pain, absence of sweating below the waist, flaccid pain in the lower back, and a sensation of an object within the skin; in severe cases, inability to eat, irritability, and difficulty urinating may occur.
Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) modified:
Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi, bark removed) 3 liang
Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 3 liang
Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried) 2 liang
Huangqi (Radix Astragali) 5 liang
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add 1.5 cups of water, 5 slices of fresh ginger, and 3 jujubes. Decoct until reduced to 0.7 parts. Strain and take warm. Immediately drink hot congee to assist the medicinal power. Cover warmly to induce slight sweating. If no sweat occurs, administer again.