妇人三十六病,未论所述,名品不同,或云七 、八瘕、九痛、十二带下,共三十
六。虽有名数,不见证状。又论云∶十二 者,是所下之物不同,一如清血,二黑血,三
紫汁,四赤肉,五脓痂,六豆汁,七葵羹,八凝血,九清血,公丈泔,十一如月浣,十二经
不应期。九痛者,热伤痛,冷涩痛,淋沥痛,小便时痛,经来时痛,胁胀痛,汁出如虫
啮痛,胁下分痛,腰胯折痛。七害者,窍孔不利,阴中寒热,小腹急坚,脏内不仁,子门揭
,洞泄恶吐。五伤者,两胁支满,心引胁痛,气结不通,邪思泄利,前后痼寒。三痼
者,羸瘦不生肌,断绪不乳产,经水闭塞。亦名三十六病,名品虽殊,无非血病。多因经脉
失于将理,产蓐不善调护,内作七情,外感六淫,阴阳劳逸,饮食生冷,遂致荣卫不输,新
陈干忤,随经败浊,淋露凝滞,为 为瘕,流溢秽恶,痛害伤痼,犯时微若秋毫,作病
重如山岳。古人所谓妇人之病,十倍男子,虽言之太过,亦明戒约之切也。
治妇人三十六病,崩中漏下,身瘦,手足热,恶风怯寒,咳逆烦满,拘急短气
,心、胁、腰、背、腹、肚与子脏相引痛,溺下五色,心常恐惧,遇恚怒忧劳即发,皆是内伤所致。
白垩( ) 白石脂( ) 禹余粮( ,醋淬) 乌贼鱼骨 牡蛎( ) 龙骨( ) 细辛(各
一两半) 当归 芍药 黄连 白茯苓 干姜(炮) 桂心 人参 石苇(去毛,一两) 瞿麦穗
白芷 附子(炮去皮脐) 白蔹 甘草(炙,各一两) 川椒(炒去汗,半两)
上为末,蜜丸,梧子大。空心酒下三十丸至五十丸。
关于妇人三十六病,前文所述中,名称品类各不相同。有的说是七瘕、八瘕、九痛、十二带下,共计三十六种。虽然有名目数量,但未见具体的证状描述。又有论述说:所谓“十二带下”,是指所排出的分泌物不同,一是清血,二是黑血,三是紫汁,四是赤肉,五是脓痂,六是豆汁,七是葵羹(像冬葵子煮出的粘液),八是凝血,九是清血(重复提及或指代不同阶段),十是公丈泔(像米泔水),十一是如月浣(像月经来潮),十二是经期不应期而至。
所谓“九痛”,包括热伤痛、冷涩痛、淋沥痛、小便时痛、经来时痛、胁胀痛、汁出如虫啮痛、胁下分痛、腰胯折痛。
所谓“七害”,包括窍孔不利、阴中寒热、小腹急坚、脏内不仁、子门揭(子宫脱垂)、洞泄恶吐。
所谓“五伤”,包括两胁支满、心引胁痛、气结不通、邪思泄利、前后痼寒。
这也称为三十六病,虽然名目殊异,但无非都是血病。多因经脉失于调理,产后护理不善,内部产生七情内伤,外部感受六淫邪气,以及阴阳失调、劳逸不当、饮食生冷等原因,导致营卫之气不能正常输布,新陈代谢相互冲突,随着经络运行而败浊,淋露凝滞,形成癥瘕,流溢秽恶之物,造成疼痛伤害和顽固性疾病。发病之初轻微如同秋毫,一旦成病则沉重如山岳。古人所说的妇女疾病比男子多十倍,虽然这话有些夸张,但也说明了告诫约束的重要性。
治疗妇人三十六病,崩中漏下(非经期大量出血或淋漓不断),身体消瘦,手足发热,怕风怯寒,咳逆烦闷胀满,拘急短气,心、胁、腰、背、腹、肚与子宫相互牵引疼痛,溺下五色(阴道排出五种颜色的分泌物),心中常恐惧,遇到愤怒忧劳即发作,这些都是内伤所致。
处方:白垩(一两半)、白石脂(一两半)、禹余粮(一两半,醋淬制)、乌贼鱼骨(一两半)、牡蛎(一两半)、龙骨(一两半)、细辛(一两半)、当归(一两)、芍药(一两)、黄连(一两)、白茯苓(一两)、干姜(炮制,一两)、桂心(一两)、人参(一两)、石苇(去毛,一两)、瞿麦穗(一两)、白芷(一两)、附子(炮制,去皮脐,一两)、白蔹(一两)、甘草(炙,一两)、川椒(炒去汗,半两)。
Regarding the thirty-six diseases of women, as mentioned in previous texts, the names and categories vary. Some refer to seven *jia* (abdominal masses), eight *jia*, nine pains, and twelve leukorrheas, totaling thirty-six. Although there are numerical categories, specific symptoms are not described. Another treatise states that the "twelve leukorrheas" refer to different types of discharge: first, clear blood; second, black blood; third, purple fluid; fourth, red flesh-like tissue; fifth, pus and scabs; sixth, bean-water like fluid; seventh, mallow soup-like viscous fluid; eighth, coagulated blood; ninth, clear blood (repeated or distinct phase); tenth, rice-washing water-like fluid; eleventh, resembling menstrual flow; twelfth, menstruation occurring out of cycle.
The "nine pains" include pain from heat injury, pain from cold stagnation, painful dribbling, pain during urination, pain during menstruation, distending pain in the hypochondrium, pain like insect bites when discharge occurs, splitting pain under the hypochondrium, and breaking pain in the waist and hips.
The "seven harms" include obstruction of orifices, cold and heat sensations in the vagina, urgency and hardness in the lower abdomen, insensitivity within the organs, prolapse of the cervical os (*zi men*), severe diarrhea with vomiting.
The "five injuries" include fullness and distension in both hypochondria, heart pain radiating to the hypochondrium, qi knotting and blockage, pathological thoughts leading to diarrhea, and chronic cold in the anterior and posterior regions.
The "three stubborn conditions" (*gu*) include emaciation without muscle growth, infertility and inability to lactate, and amenorrhea.
These are also called the thirty-six diseases. Although the names differ, they are all essentially blood diseases. They often arise from improper regulation of meridians, poor care after childbirth, internal emotional disturbances (the seven emotions), external contraction of pathogenic factors (the six exogenous pathogens), imbalance of yin and yang, improper work and rest, and consumption of raw and cold foods. This leads to the failure of Ying and Wei Qi to circulate properly, conflict between new and old metabolic processes, accumulation of turbid敗 material along the meridians, leakage and stagnation, forming abdominal masses (*jia*), flowing out foul substances, causing pain, damage, and stubborn illnesses. At onset, symptoms may be slight as an autumn hair, but once established, the disease becomes heavy as a mountain. The ancients said that women's diseases are ten times more frequent than men's; although this is an exaggeration, it emphasizes the importance of caution and regulation.
To treat the thirty-six diseases of women, including metrorrhagia and metrostaxis (heavy bleeding or prolonged spotting during non-menstrual periods), emaciation, heat in hands and feet, aversion to wind and fear of cold, coughing with reverse flow, irritability and fullness, stiffness and shortness of breath, pulling pain connecting the heart, hypochondrium, waist, back, abdomen, and uterus, discharge of five-colored fluids from the vagina, constant fearfulness, and exacerbation upon anger, worry, or fatigue—all these are caused by internal injury.
Prescription: Bai'e (Halloysitum Rubrum, 1.5 liang), Baishizhi (Kaolinite, 1.5 liang), Yuyuliang (Hematitum, 1.5 liang, calcined with vinegar), Ouxieyugu (Sepiae Endoconcha, 1.5 liang), Muli (Ostreae Concha, 1.5 liang), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi et Humeri, 1.5 liang), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 liang), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1 liang), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 liang), Baifuling (Poria, 1 liang), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Praeparatum, 1 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 1 liang), Shiwei (Pyri Folium, 1 liang, hairs removed), Qumai (Dianthi Herba, 1 liang), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 1 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, peeled and de-umbilicated, 1 liang), Bailian (Trollii Radix, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle, 1 liang), Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium, stir-fried to remove oil, 0.5 liang).
Grind the above herbs into fine powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of wutong seeds. Take 30 to 50 pills on an empty stomach with wine.