许氏宣治曰∶麻之一证比痘稍轻。《金镜录》辨疑一赋，及轻重不治数条大略已可见
矣。尤有未尽其变者，在时气之暄寒与儿质之浓薄耳。然痘出之境界宽，虽极险犹可从容图
治；麻之境窄，又多出于严寒之令，变生仓卒，多有不及措手者。予故复录数条，以补前贤之
未备，使后学知所通变焉。
或问痘毒出于脏，麻毒出于腑，胃，腑也，何以痘多胃热发斑之证；肺，脏也，何以麻多
肺闭喘促之证。予曰∶痘毒出于藏，而赴于胃，是由脏而之腑。胃主肌肉故也，麻毒出于府而
甚于肺，是由腑而之脏，肺主皮毛故也。然而痘之出五脏之毒而胃总受之，麻之出六腑之
毒而肺总受之，《麻疹辨疑赋》所谓先起于阳者出于六腑也，后归于阴者肺受之也。
凡病起于阳者从阴化，起于阴者从阳化，理所必然。
麻之出必先咳嗽，不嗽而出非麻也。出而喷嚏者吉，肺气通也。
麻多出于严寒之令，冬月伏阳在内，冬至阳生，故麻出也。俗云庵麻KT 痘，因乎时也。亦
有春夏而出者，是由冬季传染而至于夏也，夏令之出，其亢已甚，何可更庵，但须避风耳。
盛夏之令火旺金伤，葆肺为上，轻轻一散，即宜葆肺，石膏梨汁二味为最妙。夏月无
麻黄证，其有不出者，是正气为热所伤不能升举，疏托中宜兼益气，是予得心之处也。
其有富贵之家麻毒本甚，更加郁遏太过，火甚金伤，致生喘促者有之。经所谓壮火食气
者是也，急宜泻火以保肺金，不得再行表散。
亦有贫寒之子，破屋当风，衣不蔽膝，麻毒正出，外受寒邪，急生喘促者，急宜温散，使
表气宣通，麻毒得解，方保性命，否则谓之麻闭，顷成不救。
寒邪外闭，火甚伤金二证，皆见喘促，医者当知诊视。寒邪外闭者，面色青，四支冷，麻
点隐隐于皮肤之内，鼻扇而声细，微有恶寒之象，宜麻黄杏仁苏叶防风胡荽等味，急进一服
暖覆片时，喘定面赤麻渐出者生，若面色如银者不可治也。火甚伤金者，壮热面赤，烦躁口
渴，四支热，喘息粗，而脉洪大，心烦呕吐，或吐出长虫，急宜白虎加黄连，虽严寒之令勿避也。
前二证一经帮助不难分辨，复有火毒本甚，外感寒邪，外虽寒而中实热，又宜表里双
解，古人所以有麻黄石膏汤之用，予以其法全活甚多。又有火毒本甚，父母只知郁遏，医家
只知交炽，火极似水，反生厥逆之象者有之。书所谓热深厥亦深是也，急宜白虎汤加黄连，若作寒治殆矣。
养阴退阳古人妙着，后世只知表散，而不知养阴升之。又升阴阳之火齐起，有一发无制
而成喘脱者，要知升麻葛根汤之用芍药，发中有收也，麻黄石膏汤升麻石膏汤一升一降也，
小儿纯阳之体，有升无降其可恃乎。
肺属金而主气，又为娇嫩之脏，畏火实甚。六腑之火，齐举而攻之不喘奚。俟石膏一
味为麻证之至宝，色白属金，味甘微辛，升中有降，降中有升，虽为清胃之药，实保肺之灵丹也。
刑金之火由胃而来，石膏本清胃之药，而清肺是与之去路也。
养阴退阳书用四物汤。予少时常习用之，多不获效。以归芎辛温之性为不合也，因制生
地丹皮麦冬赤芍为麻疮四物汤，节节应手。古方不必尽泥，师其意可也。
治麻大概有三法，一升散，一降火，一养阴，善用者升散之中即寓清凉之意，养阴之剂不离生发之极。
麻点隐隐未透，发热咳嗽，有涕泪，宜升散。两颊不透，宜升散。发热四支冷，面不赤
唇不燥，宜升散。喘促鼻扇辨得是表邪，宜升散。泄泻日五六行宜升散。
麻疹已出壮热不退宜降火。呕吐烦渴吐出长虫宜降火。不食宜降火。热盛烁金而喘
宜降火。鼻衄宜降火。小便不利宜降火喉痛腮肿牙痛口疮宜降火。牙疳臭烂宜降火。
麻疹三四日后大热不退宜养阴。紫点不收宜养阴。脉来数大宜养阴。夜热心烦 齿宜
养阴。音哑不清宜养阴。目赤羞明宜养阴。身痒便燥宜养阴。
宜升散，而不升散重则顷成喘闭，轻则余毒缠绵。宜降火，而不降火则肺胃受伤，或音
哑烦渴，或牙疳口疮。宜养阴，而不养阴则午后潮热，肌肤瘦削，渐成麻疳之证。
大人出麻十中二三多有房室经产之患，大概轻轻一散，即宜养阴，麻黄升麻羌活等味俱当慎用。
书云痘宜内实，故胎落母亡。麻宜内虚，故胎落母存。予尝治一妇出痘孕三月，五六分
担（德按∶担者，一石之谓言痘效如担之重也）腰腹痛，恶已行，时方四朝，证多实火，方用生
地丹皮当归白芍黄连黄芩山栀升麻紫草桔梗甘草共十一味，一服热退恶止，次日喉咙痛
甚，除白芍加牛蒡连翘，日令服稀粥间服鱼汤浸蒸饼渐次成脓，胎固母安。痘出胎落者一生
未见，孕妇出麻或三四个月或八九个月所见不一，小产大产母皆无恙，麻宜内虚信矣。
麻后潮热最可嫌，发在午后，天明退凉，退时脉平静，发时脉数大，唇红舌赤而无苔，
牙揉鼻人渐瘦，多不治。间有能食者大剂养阴可救一二。麻后音哑者多总由火甚伤金，宜
甘桔牛蒡山栀之属，虽迟半月愈无妨。麻后口疮治法同牙疳，鼻烂与痘后同治。
往年麻证多不损目，迩来有损目者，其来甚速，二三日翳膜遮透即不能治。缘儿本有肝
热，更加郁遏，或病家不知是火，饮以芫荽酒，遂令热毒攻目，速宜清凉之剂，养阴退阳，不
必再行疏散。如鸡肝羊肝猪肝等味，麻后所大忌者，万不可误。
许氏在宣治中说道：麻疹这一病症比天花稍微轻微一些。《金镜录》中的辨疑一赋，以及关于轻重、不治等数条内容的大致情况已经可以看到了。但其中还有未能详尽阐述其变化规律的地方，主要在于时令气候的冷暖变化与患儿体质的强弱厚薄不同罢了。然而，天花发病的范围较宽，即使病情极其险恶，还可以从容地谋划治疗；而麻疹发病范围狭窄，又多发生在严寒时节，病情变化突然，往往有来不及措手治疗的。所以我再次记录几条，以补充前贤未备之处，使后学者知道如何灵活变通。
有人问：痘毒出于脏，麻毒出于腑。胃是腑，为什么天花多有胃热发斑的证候？肺是脏，为什么麻疹多有肺气闭塞、气喘急促的证候？我说：痘毒出于脏，而趋向于胃，这是由脏传至腑。因为胃主肌肉的缘故。麻毒出于腑而严重影响到肺，这是由腑传至脏，因为肺主皮毛的缘故。然而，天花之毒出于五脏，而由胃总括承受；麻疹之毒出于六腑，而由肺总括承受。正如《麻疹辨疑赋》所说：“先起于阳者出于六腑也，后归于阴者肺受之也。”
凡是病起于阳经的，会从阴经转化；起于阴经的，会从阳经转化，这是理所当然的。
麻疹发作前必定先有咳嗽，不咳嗽就出疹的不是麻疹。出疹时打喷嚏的是吉兆，说明肺气通畅。
麻疹多发生在严寒时节，冬季阳气伏藏于内，冬至一阳生，所以麻疹在此时发出。俗语说“庵麻（指麻疹潜伏或轻症）如痘”，是因为时机不同。也有在春夏季节发出的，这是由于冬季感染病毒延续到夏季所致。夏季发出的麻疹，火势已经非常猛烈，怎么可以再使用温补收敛的方法（庵），只需避开风邪即可。盛夏时节火旺金伤（肺金受损），保养肺气为上策，轻轻发散之后，应立即保养肺气，石膏和梨汁两味药最为妙用。夏季没有使用麻黄的适应证，如果有不出疹的情况，是正气被热邪所伤，不能升举透发，在疏托透疹的方法中应当兼用益气之法，这是我心得所在。
那些富贵人家的孩子，麻疹毒邪本来就很重，再加上郁遏太过，火热极盛损伤肺金，导致产生气喘急促症状的，这种情况是有的。这就是《内经》所说的“壮火食气”的道理，急需泻火以保护肺金，不能再进行解表发散。
也有贫寒人家的孩子，住在破屋中当风而坐，衣服遮不住膝盖，麻疹毒邪正要发出，又外受寒邪，急骤产生气喘急促症状的，急需温散寒邪，使体表之气宣通，麻疹毒邪得以解除，这样才能保全性命，否则称为“麻闭”，顷刻间就会死亡无法救治。
寒邪外闭、火热极盛伤金这两种证候，都见到气喘急促，医生应当知晓诊察辨别。寒邪外闭者，面色青，四肢冷，麻疹点隐隐见于皮肤之内，鼻翼扇动而声音细微，微有恶寒的现象，宜用麻黄、杏仁、苏叶、防风、胡荽等药物，急进一服，保暖覆盖片刻，如果喘息停止、面色转红、麻疹逐渐透出则生机可保，若面色苍白如银色的则不可治。火热极盛伤金者，高热面赤，烦躁口渴，四肢热，呼吸粗重，脉象洪大，心烦呕吐，或者吐出蛔虫，急需白虎汤加黄连，即使是严寒时节也不要忌讳使用。
前两种证候一经帮助（指用药辅助）不难分辨，又有火毒本甚，外感寒邪，外表虽寒而体内实热的，又适宜表里双解，古人因此有麻杏石甘汤的运用，我用此法救活很多人。又有火毒本甚，父母只知道郁遏（捂汗），医家只知道交炽（助热），火极似水，反而出现厥逆现象的，这种情况是有的。书中所说“热深厥亦深”就是这个道理，急需白虎汤加黄连，如果当作寒证治疗就危险了。
养阴退阳是古人的妙着，后世只知道解表发散，而不知道养阴升提。又有升腾的阴阳之火齐起，一旦发作无法控制而成喘脱证的，要知道升麻葛根汤中使用芍药，是在发散中有收敛之意；麻黄石膏汤、升麻石膏汤是一升一降的关系。小儿是纯阳之体，只有升而没有降，怎么能依靠呢？
肺属金而主气，又是娇嫩的脏器，非常畏惧火热。六腑之火，一齐举起攻伐，如果不气喘才怪呢。等到石膏一味药成为麻疹证的至宝，色白属金，味甘微辛，升中有降，降中有升，虽然它是清胃的药，实际上是保肺的灵丹。刑克肺金的火由胃而来，石膏本是清胃的药，而清肺是给邪气以出路。
养阴退阳，书中使用四物汤。我年轻时经常习用，大多不获效。因为当归、川芎辛温的性质不合适用，于是自制生地、丹皮、麦冬、赤芍组成“麻疮四物汤”，节节应手见效。古方不必完全拘泥，学习其意旨就可以了。
治疗麻疹大概有三种方法：一是升散，一是降火，一是养阴。善于运用的人，在升散之中即蕴含清凉之意，养阴的药剂不离生发之极。
麻疹点隐隐未透，发热咳嗽，有涕泪，宜升散。两颊部位疹出不透，宜升散。发热四肢冷，面色不红，嘴唇不干燥，宜升散。气喘急促鼻翼扇动，辨别清楚是表邪所致，宜升散。腹泻每天五六次，宜升散。
麻疹已出，壮热不退，宜降火。呕吐烦渴，吐出蛔虫，宜降火。不进食，宜降火。热盛灼伤肺金而气喘，宜降火。鼻出血，宜降火。小便不利，宜降火。喉痛腮肿牙痛口疮，宜降火。牙疳臭烂，宜降火。
麻疹三四日后大热不退，宜养阴。紫点不收（皮疹颜色紫暗不消退），宜养阴。脉来数大，宜养阴。夜间发热心烦牙齿不适，宜养阴。声音嘶哑不清，宜养阴。眼睛红赤畏光，宜养阴。身体瘙痒大便干燥，宜养阴。
应当升散，而不升散，重则顷刻形成喘闭，轻则余毒缠绵。应当降火，而不降火，则肺胃受伤，或者声音嘶哑烦渴，或者牙疳口疮。应当养阴，而不养阴，则午后潮热，肌肤瘦削，渐渐形成麻疳的证候。
大人出麻疹，十人中二三人多有房室经产方面的隐患，大概轻轻一散，即宜养阴，麻黄、升麻、羌活等药物都应当慎用。
书上说天花宜内实，所以胎落母亡。麻疹宜内虚，所以胎落母存。我曾经治疗一位妇女出痘怀孕三个月，五六分担（按：担者，一石之谓，言痘效如担之重也，此处指病情沉重）腰腹痛，恶露已行，当时正值第四天，证候多为实火，方用生地、丹皮、当归、白芍、黄连、黄芩、山栀、升麻、紫草、桔梗、甘草共十一味，一服药后热退恶止，第二天喉咙痛甚，除白芍加牛蒡子、连翘，每日令服稀粥，间服鱼汤浸蒸饼，渐渐成脓，胎儿稳固母亲平安。一生未见痘出而胎落的案例，孕妇出麻疹或在三四月或在八九个月，所见不一，小产大产母亲皆无恙，麻疹宜内虚确实如此。
麻疹后潮热最可厌恶，发在午后，天明退凉，退时脉平静，发时脉数大，唇红舌赤而无苔，揉牙鼻人渐瘦，多不治。间有能食者，大剂养阴可救一二。麻疹后声音嘶哑的，大多总由火甚伤金引起，宜用甘桔、牛蒡、山栀之类，虽然迟半月痊愈也无妨。麻疹后口疮治法同牙疳，鼻烂与痘后同治。
往年麻疹证多不损目，近来有损目的，其来势很速，二三日翳膜遮盖瞳孔即不能治。缘于孩子本有肝热，更加郁遏，或者病家不知道是火邪，饮以芫荽酒，遂令热毒攻目，速宜清凉之剂，养阴退阳，不必再行疏散。如鸡肝、羊肝、猪肝等食物，是麻疹后所大忌的，万不可误用。
Xu Shushi Xuanzhi stated: The disease of measles (Ma) is slightly milder than that of smallpox (Dou). The "Bianyi Fu" (Ode on Differentiation and Doubt) in the *Jingjian Lu* (Record of Golden Mirror), along with several general rules regarding mild, severe, and untreatable cases, already reveals the broad outline. However, there are aspects of its variations not fully expounded, primarily due to the fluctuations in seasonal climate warmth and cold, as well as the differences in children's physical constitution. Nevertheless, the realm of smallpox emergence is broader; even when extremely perilous, treatment can be planned calmly. In contrast, the realm of measles is narrow, often occurring during severe cold periods, with sudden changes leaving little time for intervention. Therefore, I have recorded a few more cases to supplement the deficiencies of former sages, enabling later learners to understand how to adapt flexibly.
A question was raised: Smallpox toxin originates from the Zang organs, while measles toxin originates from the Fu organs. The Stomach is a Fu organ; why does smallpox often present with stomach heat causing macules? The Lung is a Zang organ; why does measles often present with lung closure and panting? I replied: Smallpox toxin originates from the Zang but moves toward the Stomach, proceeding from Zang to Fu. This is because the Stomach governs the muscles. Measles toxin originates from the Fu but severely affects the Lung, proceeding from Fu to Zang. This is because the Lung governs the skin and hair. However, smallpox toxin emerges from the five Zang organs and is collectively received by the Stomach; measles toxin emerges from the six Fu organs and is collectively received by the Lung. As stated in the *Measles Bianyi Fu*: "What first arises from Yang comes from the six Fu organs; what subsequently returns to Yin is received by the Lung."
Generally, diseases arising from Yang transform according to Yin, and those arising from Yin transform according to Yang; this is logically inevitable.
Measles must be preceded by coughing; if rash appears without coughing, it is not measles. Sneezing upon eruption is auspicious, indicating unobstructed Lung Qi.
Measles often occurs during severe cold seasons. In winter, Yang qi is hidden within; at the Winter Solstice, Yang begins to generate, hence the emergence of measles. Folk sayings suggest measles should be kept suppressed like smallpox, depending on timing. There are also cases emerging in spring and summer, resulting from winter infections persisting into summer. When measles erupts in summer, the fire pathogen is already intense; one must not use suppression methods, but merely avoid wind. During midsummer, fire is prosperous and metal (Lung) is injured; preserving Lung Qi is paramount. After gentle dispersal, Lung preservation should follow immediately. Gypsum (Shigao) and pear juice are the most excellent combination. In summer, there are no indications for using Ephedra Herb (Mahuang). If rash fails to emerge, it is because healthy Qi is damaged by heat and cannot ascend and lift. In methods of dispersing and supporting, one should simultaneously tonify Qi; this is my personal insight.
In wealthy families, the measles toxin may be inherently strong, compounded by excessive suppression, leading to extreme fire injuring metal, resulting in panting. This aligns with the classic saying: "Excessive fire consumes Qi." Urgent clearing of fire to protect Lung Metal is required; surface-dispersing methods must not be used again.
Conversely, in poor children living in drafty houses with inadequate clothing, as the measles toxin is about to emerge, external cold pathogens may invade, causing acute panting. Urgent warming and dispersing are needed to promote the circulation of Wei Qi, allowing the measles toxin to resolve, thereby saving life. Otherwise, it is termed "Measles Closure," which is fatal within moments.
Both external cold closure and extreme fire injuring metal present with panting, requiring careful differentiation. In external cold closure, the complexion is cyanotic, limbs are cold, measles spots are faintly visible beneath the skin, nasal flaring occurs with a weak voice, and there is slight aversion to cold. Use Ephedra Herb (Mahuang), Apricot Seed (Xingren), Perilla Leaf (Zisuye), Saposhnikovia Root (Fangfeng), and Coriander (Huisui). Administer urgently, cover warmly for a short time. If panting subsides, complexion turns red, and rash gradually emerges, survival is possible. If the face is pale as silver, it is incurable. In extreme fire injuring metal, there is high fever, flushed face, restlessness, thirst, hot limbs, coarse breathing, surging pulse, mental irritability, vomiting, or expulsion of roundworms. Urgently use White Tiger Decoction (Baihu Tang) with Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian); do not avoid its use even in severe cold.
The first two conditions are easy to distinguish with assistance. Another scenario involves inherent strong fire toxin combined with external cold: exterior is cold but interior is excess heat. Surface-interior dual resolution is appropriate, hence the ancient use of Ma Huang Shi Gao Tang. I have saved many lives using this method. Another case involves inherent strong fire toxin where parents only know suppression and physicians only know intensifying heat. Extreme fire mimics water, leading to reversal cold (Jue Ni). As texts state: "The deeper the heat, the deeper the reversal." Urgently use Baihu Tang with Huanglian; treating it as cold is disastrous.
Nourishing Yin and retreating Yang is a profound strategy of the ancients. Later generations only knew surface dispersal, neglecting nourishing Yin and ascending. When ascending Yin and Yang fire rise together, unchecked eruption leads to panting and collapse. One must understand that in Shengma Gegen Tang, the inclusion of Peony Root (Shaoyao) provides restraint within dispersal. In Mahuang Shigao Tang and Shengma Shigao Tang, there is one ascending and one descending. Children are pure Yang constitutions; relying solely on ascending without descending is unsustainable.
The Lung belongs to Metal, governs Qi, and is a delicate organ highly sensitive to fire. If fire from the six Fu organs rises collectively to attack, panting is inevitable. Gypsum (Shigao) has become the supreme treasure for measles. Its white color corresponds to Metal; its sweet and slightly pungent taste allows ascending within descending and descending within ascending. Although it clears Stomach heat, it is actually a spiritual elixir for protecting the Lung. Fire that punishes Metal originates from the Stomach; since Gypsum clears Stomach heat, clearing the Lung provides an exit path for the pathogen.
Regarding nourishing Yin and retreating Yang, texts prescribe Si Wu Tang. In my youth, I frequently used it with little success. The acrid-warm nature of Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui) and Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) was unsuitable. Thus, I formulated a "Measles Si Wu Tang" using Rehmannia Root (Shengdi), Moutan Cortex (Danpi), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), and Red Peony Root (Chishao), achieving consistent results. Ancient formulas need not be rigidly adhered to; understanding their intent is sufficient.
Generally, there are three methods for treating measles: ascending dispersal, descending fire, and nourishing Yin. Skilled practitioners embed cooling intentions within ascending dispersal, and ensure nourishing Yin agents do not stifle vital rising energy.
If measles spots are faint and untransmitted, accompanied by fever, cough, tears, and runny nose, use ascending dispersal. If rash fails to emerge on both cheeks, use ascending dispersal. If fever is present with cold limbs, non-flushed face, and non-dry lips, use ascending dispersal. If panting and nasal flaring are identified as caused by exterior pathogens, use ascending dispersal. If diarrhea occurs five to six times daily, use ascending dispersal.
If measles have emerged but high fever persists, use descending fire. If vomiting, restlessness, thirst, and expulsion of roundworms occur, use descending fire. If loss of appetite exists, use descending fire. If heat excessively scorches Metal causing panting, use descending fire. If epistaxis occurs, use descending fire. If urination is difficult, use descending fire. If sore throat, parotid swelling, toothache, or mouth ulcers occur, use descending fire. If noma (gangrenous stomatitis) with foul odor occurs, use descending fire.
If high fever persists three to four days after measles onset, use nourishing Yin. If purple spots fail to recede, use nourishing Yin. If the pulse is rapid and large, use nourishing Yin. If night fever, mental irritability, and dental discomfort occur, use nourishing Yin. If hoarseness occurs, use nourishing Yin. If eyes are red and photophobic, use nourishing Yin. If body itching and dry stool occur, use nourishing Yin.
Failure to ascend and disperse when indicated leads to acute panting and closure in severe cases, or lingering residual toxins in mild cases. Failure to descend fire when indicated injures Lung and Stomach, causing hoarseness, thirst, noma, or mouth ulcers. Failure to nourish Yin when indicated leads to afternoon tidal fever, emaciation, and gradual development of measles-related gangrene.
Adults contracting measles (2-3 out of 10) often have complications related to sexual activity or menstruation/childbirth. Generally, gentle dispersal followed by nourishing Yin is advised. Ephedra Herb (Mahuang), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma), and Notopterygium Rhizome (Qianghuo) should be used with caution.
Texts state: Smallpox requires internal solidity, hence fetal loss and maternal death. Measles requires internal emptiness, hence fetal loss with maternal survival. I once treated a pregnant woman at three months gestation presenting with smallpox. She suffered lower abdominal pain and lochia discharge, described as heavy burden. On the fourth day, signs indicated excess fire. I prescribed Rehmannia Root (Shengdi), Moutan Cortex (Danpi), Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui), White Peony Root (Baishao), Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), Scutellaria Root (Huangqin), Gardenia Fruit (Shanzhi), Cimicifuga Rhizome (Shengma), Arnebia Root (Zicao), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), and Licorice Root (Gancao), totaling eleven ingredients. After one dose, fever subsided and bleeding stopped. The next day, severe sore throat developed. Baishao was removed, and Bullace Seed (Niubangzi) and Forsythia Fruit (Lianqiao) were added. Daily congee and steamed cakes soaked in fish broth were administered. Pus formed gradually, the fetus remained secure, and the mother recovered. I have never seen fetal loss with smallpox. Pregnant women contracting measles at three-four or eight-nine months vary in outcomes, but mothers survive miscarriage or full-term birth. Measles indeed requires internal emptiness.
Post-measles tidal fever is particularly troublesome, occurring in the afternoon and resolving at dawn. Pulse is calm during remission and rapid-large during flare-ups. Lips are red, tongue is crimson without coating. Rubbing teeth and nasal picking indicate emaciation; prognosis is poor. Rarely, if the patient can eat, large doses of Yin-nourishing herbs may save them. Post-measles hoarseness is generally due to extreme fire injuring Metal. Use Licorice Root (Gancao), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), Bullace Seed (Niubangzi), and Gardenia Fruit (Shanzhi). Healing even half a month late is acceptable. Treatment for post-measles mouth ulcers is similar to noma; nasal erosion is treated similarly to post-smallpox conditions.
In past years, measles rarely affected the eyes. Recently, eye damage has occurred rapidly; corneal opacity covering the pupil within two to three days is incurable. This stems from pre-existing Liver heat exacerbated by suppression, or patients drinking Coriander Wine (Yansui Jiu) mistaking fire for cold. Heat-toxin attacks the eyes. Urgently use cooling agents to nourish Yin and retreat Yang; do not use dispersing methods. Chicken liver, sheep liver, and pig liver are strictly contraindicated after measles; do not mistake them.