骨节损折,肘,臂,腰、膝出臼蹉跌,须用法整顿归元。先用麻药与服,使不知痛,然
后可
凡脚手各有六出臼、四折骨,每手有三处出臼,脚亦三处出臼。
手六出臼四折骨∶手掌根出臼,其骨交互相锁,或出臼,则是挫出锁骨之外,须锁骨下
归窠
有八
凡手臂肘出臼,此骨上段骨是臼,下段骨杵,四边筋脉锁定。或出臼,亦挫损筋。所以,
出
一
吃药后若不屈直,则恐成疾,日后曲直不得。
肩胛上出臼,只是手骨出臼,归下,身骨出臼,归上。或出左,或出右。须用舂杵一枚,
小
把
凳
放
脚六出臼四折骨∶或脚板上交叉处出臼,须用一人拽去,自用手摸其骨节,或骨突出在
内,
误
脚膝出臼,与手臂肘出臼同。或出内、出外,亦用一边夹定。此处筋脉最多,服药后时
时用
脚大腿根出臼,此处身上骨是臼,腿骨是杵。或出前,或出后,须用人把住患人身,一
人拽
下,
背脊骨折法∶凡挫脊骨,不可用手整顿,须用软绳从脚吊起,坠下体直,其骨便自然归
窠。
两
脚手骨被压碎者,须用麻药与服。或用刀割开,甚者用剪剪去骨锋,便不冲破肉。或有
粉碎
上,
便割
碎,
其
骨节损伤折断,以及肘、臂、腰、膝等部位脱臼错位,必须采用手法进行整复,使骨骼回归原位。首先服用麻醉药物,使患者感觉不到疼痛,然后才能进行操作。
凡是手和脚各有六个脱臼点和四个骨折点。每只手有三个脱臼点,每只脚也有三个脱臼点。
手部六个脱臼点和四个骨折点:手掌根部脱臼,此处骨骼相互交错锁结,若发生脱臼,则是锁骨被挫出正常位置之外,必须在锁骨下方将其复位归槽。
凡手臂肘部脱臼,此处的上段骨骼为臼(关节窝),下段骨骼为杵(关节头),四周的筋脉将其锁定。如果发生脱臼,也会挫伤筋脉。所以,脱臼后若不能屈伸自如,恐怕会留下病根,日后无法弯曲或伸直。
肩胛处脱臼,仅是手部骨骼脱臼,需向下复位;躯干骨骼脱臼,需向上复位。或向左脱,或向右脱。需要使用一根舂米用的杵,将小凳子放置好,把患肢放在凳子上固定。
脚部六个脱臼点和四个骨折点:脚板交叉处脱臼,需要一人用力牵拉,另一人用手触摸其骨节,若骨头突出在内侧,则需纠正误置。
脚膝部脱臼,与手臂肘部脱臼情况相同。或向内脱,或向外脱,也需用夹板固定一侧。此处筋脉最多,服药后需时时观察。
脚大腿根部脱臼,此处身体上的骨骼为臼,腿骨为杵。或向前脱,或向后脱,需要一人按住患者的身体,另一人牵拉患肢,使其复位。
背部脊柱骨折的处理方法:凡是挫伤脊骨,不可用手直接整顿,必须用软绳从脚部吊起患者,利用身体重力下拉,使身体挺直,其骨骼便会自然复位归槽。
手脚骨骼被压碎者,必须服用麻醉药物。或者用刀切开,严重者用剪刀剪去锋利的骨片,以免刺破肌肉。若有粉碎性骨折,便割开处理。
正骨和金疮治疗,必须诊察脉象。如损伤脏腑致命之处,一旦观察到脉象虚促(虚弱而急促),病情危急。若损伤处较浅,但命脉脉象虚促,也为凶险之兆。若不重……(原文此处残缺)
治疗……
For dislocations and fractures of bone joints, as well as subluxations or dislocations of the elbows, arms, waist, and knees, manual reduction must be employed to restore the bones to their original positions. First, administer an anesthetic to render the patient insensible to pain, after which manipulation may proceed.
The hands and feet each have six sites prone to dislocation and four sites prone to fracture. Each hand has three dislocation sites, and each foot also has three dislocation sites.
Six dislocation sites and four fracture sites in the hand: Dislocation at the root of the palm involves bones that interlock with one another. If dislocated, the clavicle is displaced outward from its normal position; it must be reduced back into the fossa beneath the clavicle.
Regarding dislocation of the elbow joint: The proximal segment of the bone forms the glenoid cavity (mortise), while the distal segment forms the condyle (pestle), locked by surrounding tendons and vessels. Dislocation also damages these tendons. Therefore, if flexion and extension are not restored, it may lead to chronic disability, resulting in an inability to bend or straighten the limb in the future.
Dislocation of the scapular region involves only the dislocation of the arm bones, which should be reduced downward; dislocation of the trunk bones should be reduced upward. It may dislocate to the left or to the right. A pestle-like tool and a small stool are required; the affected limb is placed on the stool for stabilization.
Six dislocation sites and four fracture sites in the foot: Dislocation at the crossing point of the sole requires one person to pull while another palpates the joint. If the bone protrudes inward, correction is necessary to address the misplacement.
Dislocation of the knee and foot is similar to that of the elbow. Whether medial or lateral, one side must be stabilized with splints. This area contains numerous tendons and vessels; post-anesthesia observation is essential.
Dislocation at the root of the thigh: Here, the pelvic bone acts as the mortise, and the femur as the pestle. Whether anterior or posterior dislocation occurs, one person must stabilize the patient's body while another pulls the affected limb to achieve reduction.
Management of spinal fractures: For spinal injuries, direct manual manipulation is contraindicated. Instead, suspend the patient by the feet using a soft rope, allowing gravity to extend the body vertically, which facilitates natural reduction of the vertebrae.
For crushed bones in the hands or feet due to compression, anesthetics must be administered. Incision may be performed; in severe cases, sharp bone fragments should be trimmed with scissors to prevent penetration of the flesh. In cases of comminuted fracture, surgical opening is required.
In orthopedics and treatment of traumatic wounds, pulse diagnosis is essential. If vital organs are damaged, a deficient and rapid pulse indicates critical danger. Even if the external injury is superficial, a deficient and rapid pulse in the life-governing vessels signifies a ominous prognosis. Treatment...